步步高 北师大版届高三一轮英语大一轮复习文档 选修8 Unit 24 Society.docx

1、步步高 北师大版届高三一轮英语大一轮复习文档 选修8 Unit 24 Society重点识记词汇1.govern vt.统治，管理2.accumulate v.积累3.vacant adj.未住人的，空置的 e into being形成，存在5.wind sb.up故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑) 6.resign vt.&vi.辞职7.delete vt.删除 8.virtue n.优点，长处9.show off炫耀，夸耀 10.elect vt.选举，推选11.knock into sb.撞上某人 12.cast vt.&n.投下13.turning point转折点 14.undertake

2、 vt.着手做，从事15.break into闯入 16.fine n.罚款17.on principle根据原则 18.abolish vt.废除19.consequently adv.所以，因此20.homelessness n.无家可归homeless adj.无家可归的21.voluntary adj.自愿的volunteer n.志愿者22.abundant adj.大量的abundance n.大量；丰盛23.signature n.签名sign v.签(名)24.adjustment n.调整，调节adjust vt.调整，调节25.diverse adj.各种各样的divers

3、ity n.多样性；差异26.bare adj.赤祼的barely adv.仅仅；几乎不27.spiritual adj.宗教的，教会的；精神的spirit n.精神28.sentence n.& vt.判决sentence sb.to death判某人死刑29.burden n.重担，负担；vt.(使)担负be burdened with加负担于；使负重担必背经典句式1.As a society，its high time that we took these issues more seriously.作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。2.Id rather y

4、ou didnt mention that.我宁愿你不提起那件事。3.What if some married people have affairs?要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？4.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.他们派卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。构词记忆decoration /dekreIn/n.U&C装饰；装潢；装饰品desc

5、ription /dIskrIpn/n.C&U描写；形容；叙述destination /destIneIn/n.C目标；目的地；终点devotion /dIvn/n.U献身；忠诚；热心.词汇与派生A语境填词1He will be set free as soon as the fine(罚款) is paid.2Abundant(大量的) rainfall this year means rainfall is enough.3Taking care of his sick brother is a great burden(负担) to him.4He was sentenced(判刑) t

6、o all life in prison for his violent behaviour.5Mr. Zhang was elected(选举) as the sixth headmaster last month.6Since he graduated from college，he has been undertaking(从事) experiments and calculations.7The country is governed(统治) by elected representatives of the people.8He accumulated(积累) a fortune t

7、hrough property speculation.9It is also a virtue(优点) to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.10All three houses are vacant(空的)；shes making no attempt to rent them out.B用所给词的适当形式填空11When she retired，she did a lot of voluntary (volunteer) work for the Red Cross.12T

8、he kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless (homelessness) boy.13I was forced to sign (signature) the agreement against my will.14Without diversity (diverse)，there can be no world as we know.15Do you know Mr.Li has handed in his resignation (resign)?.短语运用A用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空do away with，show

9、 off，be burdened with，contribute to，charge for ，break into, sentence to death，knock into，come into being，wind up16.I dont like him very much.Hes very proud and always tries to show off.17He was found guilty and sentenced to death by poisoning.18She read as she walked，and then knocked into a tree.19T

10、he author tells us in Paragraph 1 how two “Irelands” came into being.20Nowadays peasants are no longer burdened with heavy taxation.21Its bad manners to break into an office without knocking at the door.22Your hard work contributed to your great progress in English.23Are you deliberately winding me

11、up?24These ridiculous rules and regulations should have been done away with years ago.25How much do you charge for a double room?B用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空above all，in abundance，in search of，on principle，at risk26.All kinds of flowers grow in abundance in the park.27At such moments，there are those on both sid

12、es of this debate who will act on principle.28If they have the virus they are putting patients at risk.29We must work，and above all we must believe in ourselves.30There was an economic boom and thousands of people flocked to the city from the countryside in search of work.经典句式31Its high time that we

13、 took measures to fight for a total tobacco ban.到了采取措施为了全面的烟草禁令而战的时候了。32Id rather you posted the letter.我愿意你去寄信。33What if this problem had to be solved in the next half an hour? 在接下来的半小时里，如果这个问题必须解决，你会怎样做？34The Internet makes it easier for people to know about the world.互联网使人们更容易了解世界。1on a voluntary

14、 basis在自愿的基础上do voluntary work参加志愿工作volunteer for自愿参加volunteer to do自愿做volunteer as志愿当Morality is moral only when it is voluntary.只有出于自愿时，道德才是道德的。夯实基础(1)语法填空She works there on a voluntary basis.Why do you want to volunteer for our organization?The young man volunteered to stop the drunken men from f

15、ighting.(2)定于下个月开始实施的方案是自愿性质的。(翻译句子)The scheme，due to begin next month，will be voluntary.2 多词一义abundant，enough，sufficient，adequatebe abundant in富于，很丰富have an abundant supply of有充足的供应abundance n.丰富，大量，多in abundance大量，富裕There is an abundant supply of cheap labour.廉价劳动力供应充足。Birds are abundant in the ta

16、ll vegetation.高大的植被中有着大量的鸟类。夯实基础(1)Indonesia is abundant in(在方面富有) petroleum deposits.(2)Wild flowers grow in abundance(大量地) on the hillsides.3 burden n.义务、责任等的重担，负担duty；responsibility；v.使担负沉重或艰难的任务、职责等give sb.a duty，responsibility，etc. 应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查bear/carry/ease/reduce/share a burden承受/担负/减轻/减

17、少/分担重担burden sb./oneself with sth.加负担于某人或自己be burdened with sth.负重His invalid father is becoming a burden to him.他父亲体弱多病，对他来说渐渐成了累赘。I dont want to burden you with my problems.我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。夯实基础(1)Too much homework is a burden to students(对学生来讲是一个负担).(2)She was burdened with five children and she ha

18、d to work day and night.She burdened herself with five children and she had to work day and night.(用burden.with改写句子)Burdened with five children，she had to work day and night.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)4a vacant seat空座a vacant expression茫然的神情In every major city there are more vacant buildings than there are hom

19、eless people.各大城市里空置的楼房比无家可归的人都多。The post of chairman has been vacant for some time.主席之位已经空缺一段时间了。夯实基础单句改错Are there any rooms empty in this hotel？emptyvacant5elect sb.as.选举某人担任elect sb.to.选举某人到职位win/lose an election在选举中获胜/失败run for election参加竞选She became the first black woman to be elected to the Se

20、nate.她成为第一个被选进参议院的黑人妇女。He was elected as MP for Oxford East.他被选为牛津东区的议员。夯实基础语法填空(1)Those electing (elect) to smoke will be seated at the rear.(2)In America，presidential elections (elect) are held every four years.(3)Besides，in November they may elect him as president.(4)If we all get behind Mr.Smith

21、 we can easily elect him to that office.6undertaken./pron.承担undertake to do.着手做，答应做undertake for.为负责Ill leave you to undertake an important mission.我要让你承担一项重要使命。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她承担了这些变革的责任。夯实基础He undertook that he would finish the job by Friday.He undertook to finish the

22、 job by Friday.(改为简单句)7serve a sentence服刑a life sentence终身监禁pass sentence on sb.对某人判刑sentence sb.to sth.给某人判刑；宣判某人罪刑The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.这个犯人已服刑期满，明天将释放。The judge sentenced the murderer to death.法官判处那个杀人犯死刑。夯实基础语法填空(1)The judge will pass sentence on him.

23、(2)A military court sentenced him to death in his absence.1come into force法律实施，生效come into effect生效come into power当权come into office就职come into use/service开始使用come into the habit of养成的习惯This decision，which aims to make all indoor public places smokefree，will come into effect next year.这个决定旨在使所有的室内公共

24、区域都变成无烟区，从明年开始生效。(广东基础写作)How words came into being is unknown.单词是怎样形成的并不为人所知。夯实基础(1)The new law will come into force/effect(将生效) next month.(2)The big hotel has come into use/service(已经投入使用).(3)Ive come into the habit of (养成的习惯) reading novels in my spare time.2show.out领出去show sb.around/round领某人参观sh

25、ow.in带或领进来lead/guide.inshow up出席；到场on show在展出Peter is keen to show off his new car.彼得喜欢炫耀他的新车。夯实基础(1)用show off，show up的适当形式填空He promised to come but did not show up in the end.Mary was showing off her engagement ring.(2)请你把参观者领进来，好吗？(翻译句子)Show the visitors in，will you?3fix ones eyes on/upon注视，凝视star

26、e athave a good eye for sth.对有鉴赏眼光look sb.in the eye直视正视某人have/get ones eye on sb./sth.看中某人/物catch ones eye引起某人的注意；吸引某人的目光Please keep an eye on the baby for me.请替我照看一下婴儿。夯实基础语法填空(1)Could you do me a favor and keep an eye on my luggage?(2)Gail has a good eye for fashion.(3)Can you look me in the eye

27、and tell me youre not lying?(4)Ive got my eye on a nice little sports car that Im saving up for.1 What if some married people have affairs？如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢？What if.？“如果将会怎样；即使又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于What shall we/I do if.？。what if中what可看作是what should sb.do或what does it matter或what would happen的省略。what if用于

28、提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气一般现在时，也可用虚拟语气一般过去时或should动词原形。What for？为何目的，为何理由？So what？那又怎么样？What/How about.？怎么样？Guess what？你知道吗？Whats up？Whats the matter？怎么了？What if she finds out that you have lost her book?如果她发现你弄丢了她的书，怎么办？What if we fail/failed/should fail?万一我们失败了，怎么办？夯实基础如果下周的数学考试我不及格怎么办？(翻译句子)What if I fail

29、 the math exam next week?2The global population at present is about 6 billion with 1 person in every 10 aged 60 or above.现在全球人口大约60亿，每10人就有1人的年龄在60岁或以上。with 1 person in every 10 aged 60 or above为“with复合宾语”作定语。 “with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：1with宾语doing2with宾语done3with宾语adj.4with宾语adv.5with宾语to do6

30、with宾语介词短语He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.他和衣躺在床上。She sat still in the chair，with her eyes closed.她一动不动地坐在椅子里，双眼紧闭。夯实基础语法填空(1)With winter coming(come) on，its time to buy warm clothes.(2)With all the things she needed bought (buy)，she went home happily. (3)With nothing to do(do)，Tom sleeps at home.3 单元语法语法填空(1)Its high time that we got/should get (get) down to work.(2)I would rather you came (come) tomorrow.(3)We demanded that we (should) need (need) more