版高考一轮总复习英语教师用书第2部分 语法填空.docx

1、版高考一轮总复习英语教师用书第2部分 语法填空第二讲形容词和副词12016天津高考The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making air conditioning _ (necessary)答案：unnecessary考查词性转换。分析句式结构“make宾语宾补”可知，此处应填形容词；且结合语义可知，此处应为“没必要的”。故填unnecessary。22016浙江高考I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ more i

2、n the coming years.答案：many句意：我总是很喜欢你组织的所有赛事，我希望未来几年参加更多的赛事。根据句意可知，此处应用many。32015四川高考Andy is content with the toy. It is the_ (good) he has ever got.答案：best根据语义可知，空格处用形容词的最高级。42015浙江高考Listening is thus an active; not a _ behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.答案：passive根据语义可知，此

3、处填active的反义词。句意：因此，听力是一种积极主动的，而非消积被动的行为，它包含听、领会和记忆。52015浙江高考Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ (former) alive.答案：formerly根据句子结构可知，此处填副词修饰形容词alive。句意：要是我们对食物的来源稍有了解，我们多数人就会明白，我们吃到嘴巴里的每一口食物都曾经是活生生的生命。62015湖北高考Even

4、though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _ (punctually)答案：punctual句意：尽管会议厅在他的公寓附近，可是如果他想按时到达的话也要稍微快一点。punctual意为“准时的”，用在be之后作表语。72015安徽高考They gave money to the old peoples home either_ (personal) or through their companies.答案：personally句意：他们或者亲自或者通

5、过公司把钱捐给了敬老院。空格处应填副词作状语，表示捐钱的方式。personally意为“亲自”。82014大纲卷Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _ saw his family.答案：seldom/rarely根据语境可知，由于离家有点远，所以亨利很少见到他的家人，故填seldom/rarey。92014安徽高考Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, _， supply more jobs.答案：therefore根据句意可知，前后句是

6、逻辑上的因果关系，故答案为therefore。102014全国卷Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ (good) possible education.答案：the best句意：雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。the best education“最好的教育”。题干中的possible常用于形容词的最高级后，表示强调。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。2016全国卷If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step ba

7、ck and identify (识别) those of _61_ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _62_ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _63_ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused _64_ our tasks in the morning than we are

8、later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive _65_ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent _66_ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _67_

9、 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _68_ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _69_ (bring) your work home. It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it

10、is, _70_ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.61_62._63._64._65_66._67._68._69_70._Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。本文为说明文。主要介绍了缓解工作中的压力的一些方法。Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。61greater。考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的and less importance可知，此处应填形容词的比较级。62achievement。考查词性转换。介词后面应填名词。句意：首先要处理最重要的工作以使

11、你能感到一种真实的成就感。63is。考查主谓一致与时态。分析句子结构可知，该句子的主语是动名词短语，并结合全文基本时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。64on。考查介词。固定短语focus on“集中于”。句意：我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更能集中于我们的工作。65as。考查连词。固定结构as.as possible，意为“尽可能”。句意：因此，早点儿开始工作并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。66studies。考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词show为复数形式，故主语为复数名词。句意：最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地稍作休息的话，我们在工作中会变得更加高效。67regul

12、arly。考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词，故可知答案。68a。考查冠词。固定短语for a while，意为“一会儿”。69to_bring。考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.，意为“可能做某事”。70make。考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。Step 3：代入验证。需保证语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑，这样才能确保万无一失。知识清单(1)形容词有作定语、表语、宾补等基本功能；(2)副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及句子；(3)形容词及副词的级别：原级、比较级及最高

13、级；(4)与形容词、副词相关的固定句式；(5)形容词及副词的特殊用法及几组副词的区别。学情分析考生在形容词和副词的学习过程中存在着以下几点问题：(1)考生对形容词及副词的基本功能不熟悉；(2)在具体语境中，对形容词与副词的使用容易出现混淆；(3)分辨不清隐性条件，导致比较级或最高级使用错误；(4)不能准确熟练掌握形容词、副词的句式结构。考点形容词、副词的基本功能1形容词在句子中通常充当的成分(1)定语：修饰名词或代词；(2)表语：位于系动词之后；(3)宾补：对宾语进行补充说明。典题12017重庆育才中学期末You can imagine how _ (excite) I was when I

14、saw the bike, and I begged him to teach me how to ride it.答案excited空格处在句中作表语，且修饰人，故填excite的形容词形式excited，表示“我很兴奋”。典题22017浙江重庆中学适应考试Jane was so thirsty for the news of her lost child that she was almost driven _ (madly)答案mad此处是drive sb. mad的变式，空格处应为补语，对主语进行补充说明，故填mad。2副词在句子中作状语，修饰动词，也可以修饰形容词、其他副词或整个句子

15、典题32016东北三省三校联考_ (recent), we have come to understand that the way you dress yourself is a reflection of your occupation.答案Recently空格处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，故填副词Recently。典题42016重庆南开二诊With the order from the ground, the plane _ (succeed) landed at the nearest airport.答案successfully空格位于动词之间，修饰动词landed，故应填succe

16、ed的副词形式successfully。考点形容词、副词的比较等级1形容词/副词原级的用法类似用法的词：典题52017甘肃天水一中模拟It was _ successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters.答案so本题考查“soadj./adv.that”句型，意为“如此以至于”。2形容词和副词比较级的用法(1)A谓语形容词/副词比较级thanB(2)隐性条件下的比较级用法，即：在句中没有比较级标志性词than，而是通过语境来分辨是否用比较级。典题62017广东揭阳模拟Afte

17、r our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We made our reservation six months _ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.答案earlier根据后一句中的had been a mistake可知，大家应在几个月之前就已经预定好了，故用early的比较级。3表示三者或三者以上的比较应用最高级，其结构为“主语谓语最高级范围”，通常最高级前有定冠词the典题72017广东高中毕业班模拟When the deadly poison

18、 was finally brought to Socrates, his friends were in tears, but Socrates seemed to be the _ (brave) man in the room.答案bravest根据空格前的the和语境可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式修饰名词man。考点形容词、副词相关句式1the形容词/副词比较级，the形容词/副词比较级表示“越就越”The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你越努力，取得的进步越大。2the比较级of the two (名词)The

19、 taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中高个的是我弟弟。3否定词与比较级连用表示最高级I have never spent a more worrying day since I graduated.自从我毕业以来，这是我度过的最担心的一天。注意：(1)类似用法的结构：cant/couldnt.tooadj./adv.cant/couldnt.adj./adv.enough表示“无论也不为过”。(2)英语中有些词没有比较级，但仍可表示比较级的意思，通常与介词to连用，不与than共同使用，如：senior， junior， superior， in

20、ferior等。典题82016河南毕业班适应性考What came out of his mouth next surprised me greatly. Id never heard a _ (much) comforting explanation.答案more该空考查否定词与比较级连用的用法。故填more，此句意为“我听到过的最让人欣慰的解释”。典题92016福建厦门质检One _ not read too much especially when it comes to learning a language.答案can/could本题考查“can/could not.tooadj./

21、adv.”这一结构，意为“无论也不为过”。4倍数表达法倍数表达法的几种常见结构：(1)A is倍数比较级thanB(2)A is倍数as原级asB(3)A is倍数the名词(size, length, height等)ofB(4)The名词(size, length, height等)ofA is倍数thatofB(5)A is倍数what引导的名词性从句用以上句型完成下列句子：长江是珠江的三倍长。The Yangtze River is twice_longer than the Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three_times_as_long_as

22、 the Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three_times_the_length of the Pearl River.The length of the Yangtze River is three_times_that of the Pearl River.考点其他特殊用法1修饰形容词/副词比较级的词rather, much, still, even, far, by far (后置), a lot, a little, a great deal, a bit等。典题102017河北衡水模拟I believe anyone can make them

23、selves something good to eat. Cooking is a lot of easier for us than most of us think.(改错)答案去掉of此处考查副词短语a lot修饰比较级。而a lot of是介词短语，其后应跟名词。2形容词作状语形容词作状语通常对句子主语的属性或特征进行说明。典题112017安徽安庆一中模拟After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _ (tire) but _ (please)答案tired; pleased本题考查形容词作状语的用法，表明他们三

24、人累并快乐着。3“ed”及“ing”构成的形容词的区别在英语中，表示“使人处于某种情绪、状态”的动词的现在分词及过去分词，均可转化为形容词来使用。现在分词转化成的形容词修饰物或事情表“令别人处于的情绪”，而过去分词转化成的形容词修饰人表示“自身有这种情绪状态”。常见的有：interest, surprise, satisfy, confuse, excite, disappoint, puzzle等。典题122017安徽淮南模拟I wanted to go back for it, but I thought it could be _ (embarrass) if someone saw m

25、e picking up a coin.答案embarrassing此空说明这种情景是令人尴尬的，因此填ing结尾的形容词作表语。4几组形式不同的副词的区别I deeply regret your misfortune.对你的不幸我深感惋惜。I dug deep before I found water.我挖得很深才找到水。5连接性副词如：furthermore, otherwise, else, moreover, therefore, though, instead, however等。典题132017辽宁沈阳质检Hardly can you succeed in doing someth

26、ing perfectly the first time you do it, _， when you do something for the first time its time to give up the idea of perfection.答案therefore根据语义可知，空格前后两句话之间为因果关系，且空格后由逗号间隔，因此填therefore。6of抽象名词抽象名词对应的形容词NO.1解题步骤1.根据空格在句子中的功能和作用，来判断该题考查内容。2根据考查内容链接相关语法点，并根据语境来确定答案。NO.2解题技巧1.注意形容词和副词的位置(1)名词前和系动词后一般要使用形容

27、词；(2)动词前后、助动词/be动词/情态动词后、形容词前、句首和句尾一般使用副词。典题12017河北正定期末Safety is another concern. You are just _ (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr or Miss Right.答案likely此空格前为be动词，且由副词just修饰，故填likely，构成短语be likely to do sth.。典题22016山西四校联考二This is a place in which people can _ (free) socialize and expres

28、s their ideas.答案freely此空格位于情态动词can之后，实义动词socialize之前，故应填副词freely。2判断和解答有关比较等级的题要注意以下几点：(1)as.as之间要用原级；(2)如果两者之间有than，或者没有than，但上下文暗含了比较的意味时，要用比较级；(3)如果是三者或三者以上进行比较或者有in, of等介词短语表示比较范围，要用最高级；(4)比较级前可以有even, much, far, a great deal, a lot, a bit, a little, some, any等词语；(5)最高级前可以有the second, the very,

29、much the, (by) far the, nearly the, almost the等词语。典题32016山西太原阶段检测一Although the trip takes hours, grass is many cheaper than gas.(改错)答案manymuch修饰形容词和副词的比较级不可以用many，应用much。针对语法填空题，在学习形容词和副词时，要注意以下几点：1准确掌握形容词及副词的词性转换规律以及比较级和最高级变化规则，保证拼写正确。2熟练掌握形容词及副词在句中的基本功能，并有意识地观察其位置。3牢固掌握形容词及副词的等级结构，确保结构准确无误。4不容忽视过渡性副词的使用，其在语法填空中考查考生对语境的辨别能力。建议用时：15分钟Part .单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。12017陕西西工大附中模拟We can never expect a _ (blue) sky unless we create a _ (little) polluted world.答案：bluer; less第一空考查“can否定词形容词/副词比较级”结构，表示最高级用法；第二空根据全句的语境可知填比较级。22017沈阳二中模拟Fabien is _