人教版高中英语 必修2 第四单元重点词汇讲解 教案专题.docx

1、人教版高中英语 必修2 第四单元重点词汇讲解 教案专题重点单词.词组讲解1. protection nn.保护,防护;警戒U +against/from+n.The construction workers wore metal helmets for protection. .A thin jacket is a poor protection against cold. porotect vt. 保护 +against/fromWearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun. 2.decrease 反义词 increasev.

2、 1) vi.减;减少,减小(+in/to)This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year. decrease in在方面减少The number of these endangered animals has decreased by 13%. decrease by减少了The number of these endangered animals has decreased to 200. decrease to减少到n. 减少,减小CU (+in/of) There has been a steady(持续)decreas

3、e in our imports（进口）. 【期末检测】1.With the production _ year by year, the manager had to resign.A. decreased B. decreasing C. increased D. increasing答案B 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为生产逐年下降，经理被迫辞职。increase为上升；从句意分析production可以发出下降动作 3.die out 逐渐消失;灭绝,熄灭How did the dinosaurs（恐龙） die out?Many old customs have died out. 许多

4、旧的风俗已不复存在。 The fire is dying out.dieoff：相继死亡（种群突然急剧的衰减）The refugees(难民) are dying off from the disease.diedown：光线，声音渐弱，消退（没劲了，平静了）。 The noise had died down.dieaway：（风,声音)渐息,渐弱,(树木等)渐渐凋零The wind had died away by dusk. be dying for sth to do sth 迫切想要(做)某事。I am dying for a cup of coffee.【期末测试】It was a

5、pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished.A. for B. with C. from D. of答案B withhisworks unfinished，在句中作伴随状语。句意：这位伟大的作家，作品还没有完成就死了，真是可惜。dieof表示死于情感、年老、饥饿或其他的直接死因；diefrom表示造成死亡的间接原因；diefor“为而献身”。4. loss n. （v. lose）丧失;遗失U 损失;亏损(额)CU 输,失败UC 减少,减低When she was dead I was filled with a sense o

6、f loss. a sense of loss失去感I was sad at the loss of my dog. the loss of.损失，失去I was at a loss how to answer him. be at a loss 不知所措，不知如何是好He will try his best to make up for the loss. make up for the loss 弥补损失lose vt. 失去 过去式：lost 过去分词：lost 现在分词：losingbe lost in 沉迷于，专心于He was lost in thought.类似的有：be los

7、t in； be dressed in； be interested in； be devoted to； be supposed to； be caught in the rain； be seated in； be prepared for； be determined to ; be satisfied with5. hunt v.1) 追猎,猎取 Well go hunting in the afternoon. 我们下午将出去打猎。2) 搜索;寻找 for=look for=search for= be in search ofIm hunting (for) a job. 我在找工

8、作。 n. C1) 打猎The tiger hunt began at sunrise. 日出时分开始捕猎老虎。 2) 搜索,搜寻(+for)The hunt for the lost child continued until she was found. 期末测试 Detectives are _thieves who broke _a warehouse yesterday.A. hunting; in B. hunting for; in C. hunting; into D. hunting for; into答案D hunt for =look for 寻找 break into及

9、物短语表示闯进，破门而入6. in peace 和平地， 和睦地We live in peace with our neighbors. They decided they must make peace. make peace with与讲和7.in danger of 处于.危险之中 She is in danger of losing her life out of danger脱离危险 in no danger 没有危险 full of danger充满危险dangerous adj.危险的 danger n. 危险；危险物safe adj. 安全的；保险的 safety n . 安全

10、，平安 secure adj. 安全的；可靠的8. respond vt.& vi. 回答，响应How did they respond to the news? respond to对.作出反应回答；对有某种反应The manager hasnt responded to my application(申请).response n. 回答， 回应 (+ to +n.)He made no response to me. make no response 不回答 He smiled at me in response to my help. in response to对做出反应respond

11、 指对他人的期望在行动上作出反应reply 指对他人的问题和要求作出相应的答复Thats a nice dress, said Michael. Thanks, she replied9.distant adj远的;久远的;远离的(+from) 非近亲的,远亲的冷淡的,疏远的 The sun is distant from the earth. 太阳距地球很遥远。 He is my distant relative. 他是我的远房亲戚。 Shes always very distant with Ann. 她对安妮总是很冷淡distance n.距离， 冷淡The ship could be

12、seen in the distance. in the distance在远处10. relief n.1) (痛苦,负担等的)缓和,减轻;解除(+of/from/on)The pills gave her some relief from pain. 药片减轻她一些痛苦。2) 轻松,宽心,慰藉U （亦用a relief） It is a great relief to find you are safe.in relief 如释重负I smiled in relief after I heard I had passed the examination.to ones relief 使某人

13、放心的是To her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly.【10山东】33. Those who suffer from headache will find they get _from this medicine. A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter答案A 句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。11. bu

14、rst into laughter突然大笑起来burst into song突然唱起歌来burst into tears突然哭起来burst into 后跟名词burst out 后跟-ingburst out crying/laughing =burst into tears/laughter12. mercy n. 怜悯;仁慈,宽容have mercy on =show mercy to 对.表示怜悯,同情某人The commander showed mercy to the prisoners(罪犯，囚徒) of war. The commander had mercy on the p

15、risoners of war. 司令官对战俘十分怜悯。at the mercy of 任由摆布 The boat was at the mercy of the river.without mercy 残忍地 期末测试 Have_ on him; after all, he is a child.A. pity B. mercy C. kindness D. courage答案B have mercy on =show mercy to 对.表示怜悯,同情某人,毕竟他是个孩子13. certain adj1) 确凿的,无疑的;确信的 They are certain of success.

16、be certain of(doing) sth对某事有把我They are certain that they will succeed. be certain that. 确信They are certain to come here. be certain to do 一定会做某事 2) 某,一位姓.的(人),前置定语 a certain =some 某个A certain person called on you yesterday. 昨天有个人来拜访过你。注意：I am certain/sure that he will return.It is certain that he wi

17、ll return. Sure不能用在以it 作形式主语的句子里。【期末检测】It is _ that a _ Mr Smith is asking for you.A. certain; certain B. certain; some C. sure; certain D. sure; some答案 A sure不能用在it is 的句型里在表示“某、某一”的意思时，可以用不定冠词，也可以用“some+单词名词”或者是“a certain+单数名词”。14. contain vt包含;容纳The jar contains ten glasses of water. 这只大口瓶能装十杯水。

18、contain include辨析include （部分包括）指作为整体中的一部分而被包含进去。即被挑出的部分。Everyone laughed, me included.contain（全部包括）作为整体的组成部分全部被“包含”或“容纳”在内.即所有 Sea water contains salt.The bottle contains water. 【08全国1】18. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _.(2008年全国统一卷II)A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. save

19、d答案B小约翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集，搜集；contain含有，装有；load装载；save节省。15. affect v.影响; （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤The climate affected his health.She was deeply affected by the news of her fathers death. effect n. 影响 +onThe medicine had a good effect on me.= The medicine affected me e into effect 生效， 实施 be of no ef

20、fect 无效的 side effect 副作用effective adj. 有效的；起作用的16. pay attention to(介词) 注意，关注He didnt pay attention to me.He pay much/more/little/no attention to what the teachers say in class.attract/catch/ draw/get ones attention to 吸引某人对注意focus/fix ones attention on 将注意力集中于.,专心于.direct/turn ones attention to 将注意

21、力转向【期末测试】1.Special attention should be paid _ our earth from _.A. to prevent; being polluted B. to prevent; polluting C. to preventing; being polluted D. to preventing; polluted答案C。第一空考查短语pay attention to doing sth.的用法；第二空考查prevent.from doing sth.的用法。因为our earth与pollute之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。2. Much att

22、ention should be paid to _ people destroying the rainforest.A. stop B. stopping C. keep D. keeping答案A答案是A pay attention to 是固定词组,意思为注意.其中to 是介词,介词后应加动名词,所以应该填 pay attention to protecting 此处是被动句,还原成主动句就是：We should pay much attention to protecting the wild animals as many of them are dying out.17. app

23、reciate 1) 欣赏,赏识Her talent for music was not appreciated. 她的音乐才能无人赏识。 2) 感谢,感激(后接事或物) thank后接人 I would appreciate it if.的句型They deeply appreciated his kindness. 他们对他的好意深表感谢。 Id appreciate it if you wouldnt mention it. 如果你不提它，我会很感激。appreciation n.欣赏，感谢appreciative adj.有欣赏力的，感激的，感谢的期末检测 1.I would appr

24、eciate _, to be frank, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.A. you B. this C. it D. myself答案C I would appreciate it if 如果的话，我将不胜感激。it 做形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句。句意：坦率的说，如果这些货物尽快运送的话，我将不胜感激。所以选C。2. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had time B. having time C.

25、 to have time D. to having time答案B句意：我真的很感激有时间和你到这个漂亮的岛上放松。Appreciate后面接动名词做宾语，所以选B。18. succeedvi. 1). 成功,（考试及格） (+in) He succeeded in getting the job. succeed in( doing) sth成功做某事Our plan has succeeded. 我们的计划成功了。 2）继任;继承(+to)His son will succeed to his estate(财产). succeed to sth 继承某物 His son will su

26、cceed his father as manager of the shop. succeed sb as继承某人（当/任）After he succeeded his father as the king of the country ,he succeed in dealing with the economic crisis(危机). And 40 years later, his son will succeed to the throne(王位)success n.成功 successful adj.成功的 successfully 成功地【期末测试】1.I never thoug

27、ht such a little child could succeed _ with such a troublesome case. A. in dealing B. to deal C. dealing D. of dealing答案A 考查succeed in( doing) sth成功做某事2. She succeeded _the throne (王位） in 1558 and became queen . A. in B. as C. to D. /答案C 考查succeed to sth 继承某物19.employ1 ) 雇用 as.He employed the girl a

28、s a typist. 2) 使用,利用How do you employ your spare time? 你是怎样利用你的空余时间的? employee n.雇工 employer n.雇主 employment n.雇用辨析：employ:长期雇佣，宾语一般是人。hire: 短期，临时或一次性雇佣，租用，宾语可以是人或物We have hired lawyers.They hired a boat and went fishingrent:长时间出租，租用，通常用于房产，一般不用于人。They rented a house from Mr Smith.21. harmn. 损伤,伤害;危

29、害UReading in the sun does harm to your eyes. do harm to sb. =do sb. harm对有害处He would never cause others any harm. cause harm to sb.=cause sb. harm 伤害某人vt. 损害,伤害;危害 Noise can harm our health. harmful adj 有害的 harmfully adv. 有害的harmfulness n.有害处 harmless adj.无害的【期末测试】Many lifestyle patterns do such _gr

30、eat harm to health nowadays.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案B第一空的harm是一个不可数名词，即使前面有形容词修饰，仍然不能加冠词。第二空特指人体的衰败。句意：很多生活方式对健康的伤害是如此之大以至于实际上加快了人体衰败的速度。22. come into being 产生，形成（无被动，无进行）We do not know when this world came into being. 我们不知道世界是何时形成come into fashion 开始流行 come into effect 生效come into power 当权，上台 come into use 开始被使用come into action 开始行动23. inspect1) 检查;检验They inspected the roof for leaks. 他们检查了屋顶看看是否有漏隙。 2) 视察，检阅The minister of Education inspected our school. inspection n.视察，检阅inspector n.检察员,视察员24. according to 根据;按照, 据.所载;据.所说Please arrange the