代词.docx

1、代词代词有两种：人称代词和物主代词。1、人称代词分为：第一、第二、第三人称，且有单复数之分。2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）；宾格在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后。3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词是属于谁的。4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词；如无，就用名词性物主代词。请牢记下表： 英语中的代词（基础篇）I am a worker, I wor

2、k in the factory.我是一个工人,我在工厂工作。you are a good teacher.你是一位优秀教师。she is a little girl.她是一个小女孩。its a heavy box, i cant carry it.这是一个重盒子,我搬不动。its me. open the door quickly.是我, 快开门。dont tell him about it.不要告诉他这件事情。she is always ready to help us.她随时都在准备帮助我们。our teacher is very strict with us.我们的老师对我们很严格。第

3、一人称单数代词 i(我) 不论在什么地方都要大写。I study english every day.我天天学习英语。we shall do our best to help the poor.我们将尽全力帮助贫困者。 she 常常代替国家, 城市, 宠物等,表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。i live in china。 she is a great country.我住在中国。 她是一个伟大的国家。its me. open the door, please.是我,请开门。 they 有时代替一般人.they say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。2) 物主

4、代词:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。列表如下。形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词 单数 复数 单数复数第一人称 myour mine ours第二人称your our yoursyours第三人称 his,her,its theirhis, hers,itstheirsi love my country.我热爱我的国家。is this your car?这是你的汽车吗?some one is looking for you, his name is tom.有人找你,他的名字是汤姆。li huas bike is

5、 red, and yours is green.李华的自行车是红色的,而你的是绿色的。that car is mine, not yours.那辆汽车是我的,不是你的。these books are ours.这些书是我们的。whose bag is it? its hers.这是谁的书包? 是她的。yesterday i met a friend of mine in the street.昨天我在街上碰见了我的一位朋友。反身代词:表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。反身代词第一, 二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加 -self (复数加 -selve

6、s )构成。 第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式加 - self (复数加 - selves ) 构成。单数 复数第一人称 myself ourselves第二人称 yourself yourselves第三人称 himself themselves( herself, itself )反身代词的用法:反身代词可用作宾语,表语,主语的同位语和宾语的同位语。用作同位语时表示强调本人,自己。i am teaching myself computer.我自学计算机。take good care of yourself.把自己照顾好。the child himself drew this pictu

7、re.孩子自己画的这张画。you should ask the children themselves.你应该问一问孩子们自己。指示代词:表示这个,那个,这些,那些以及it, such, same等词叫做指示代词。指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语。that is a red car.那是一辆红色汽车。what do you like? i like this.你喜欢什么? 我喜欢这个。i should say i know that.我应该说我知道这件事情。指示代词的用法:this 和 these 表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。this is a book.这是一本书。thes

8、e are cars.这些是汽车。i am busy these days.我这些日子很忙。that 和those 表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。that is not a room.那不是一间房间。those are threes.那些是树。that 和those 还可以指前文中的事物, this 和 these 指下文中将要讲到的事物。他们起一种承上或启下的作用。i got up late, thats why i missed the bus.我起床迟了,这就是为什么我没赶上汽车。疑问代词 :表示“谁(who),谁 (whom),谁的(whose),什么(what), 哪个或哪些 (

9、which)”等词叫疑问代词。疑问代词的用法:疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般放在句子的最前面，在句中可用作主语,宾语,表语,定语。who is here just now?刚才谁来这儿?whom are you looking for?你在找谁?whose exercise-book is this?这是谁的练习本?what is this?这是什么?which one do you like, this one or that one?你喜欢哪一个,这个还是那个?疑问代词还可以引导一个间接疑问句,也就是一个从句。疑问代词在句中可用作从句的主语,宾语,表语等成分。what we sho

10、uld do is still unknown.我们该干什么仍然还不知道。i know whom he is looking for.我知道他在找谁。关系代词:关系代词是一种引导从句起连接主句和从句的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。this is the students whose name is wang hua.这就是名叫王华的学生。i know what he is coming to get.我知道他来要拿什么东西。不定代词:没有明确指定代替任何

11、特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词,常用的不定代词如下:all,any,another,both,each,every,either,every, few,little, many, much, no,none,neither,one, other,some以及由 some, any, no, every 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词。不定代词的用法:不定代词代替名词或形容词.在句中可用作主语, 宾语，表语和定语。everybody should be here in time tomorrow.明天大家都要按时到。i know nothing about it.这件事情我

12、一点都不知道。thats all i know.这就是我知道的。i go to school everyday.我每天去学校上学。不定代词的具体用法:any 一些,任何。 any 多用作否定或疑问句中,any 在句中作主语, 宾语, 定语。 any作定语时,它所修饰的名词没有单复数限制, 一般多用复数, any 用在肯定句中,表示任何。do you have any books?你有书吗?you can come any time.你什么时候都可以来。some 一些,某些,某个。 some 多用在肯定句中,表示邀请或者对方可能给予肯定回答的疑问句中等。there are a lot of fl

13、owers in the garden, some are white, which i like very much.花园里有许多花,一些是白色的,我特别喜欢。i am going to get some ink.我去弄点墨水。will you have some coffee, please?喝点咖啡吗？no 无.在句中作定语.表示否定,语气要比 not any 强.she knows no english.她根本就不懂英语。i have no bike.我就没有自行车。none 无人,无物,无东西.在句中作主语 ,定语,宾语。 none 在句中代替不可数名词作定语时, 谓语动词要用单数形

14、式。 none 在句中代替可数名词作定语时, 谓语动词要用复数形式。none of them are workers.他们没一个是工人。its none of your business.这不碍你的事。many 许多.在句中作主语,宾语 ,定语. many 在句中代替可数名词。many of the students like english very much.许多学生非常喜欢英语。i have many books to give you.我有许多书要给你。much 许多。在句中作主语,宾语,定语。much 在句中代替不可数名词。there is not much ink in the b

15、ottle.瓶子里没多少墨水了。a few,a little,few,little. 几个,一点儿,没几个, 没多少。它们在句中作主语,宾语,定语,其中 a few 和 few 代替可数名词 , a little 和 little 代替不可数名词，它们表示少量,不多,几个, 只是主观上的一种相对说法，并没有具体的数量标准。few of the books are cheap now.现在没几本儿书是便宜的。a few friends came to see me yesterday.昨天有几个朋友来看我。i have a little money to buy the book.我的这点钱能买

16、这本书。there is little water in the thermos.暖水瓶没多少水了。 英语重要语法项目专项练习人称代词和物主代词练习 一、用适当的人称代词填空： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. 2. China is a developing country. _ lies in the east of Asia. 3. Professor Wang sets _ a good example. We must learn from _. 4. What day is _ today? _ is Thursday. 5. How far i

17、s the thunder ? _ is three kilometers away. 6. I own a blue bike. The red one doesnt belong to _. 7. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive. 8. _ say that those old houses will be rebuilt. 9. Is _ the milkman at the door? Yes, thats _. 10. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _? 11. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with _ and helps _ to prepare the lessons. 12. The ship is lying at anchor (停泊) . _ comes from Shanghai. 13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like _. 14. Mike is my classmate. _ i