七年级上册英语语法总结实用.docx

1、七年级上册英语语法总结实用新目标英语七年级上册语法知识与句型总结Review of Units 171.中格（13）:a,c,e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z.中下格（3）:g,q,y.中上格（7）：b,d,h,i,k,l,t.全格（3）：f,j,p.2./ei/(4):a,h,j,k. /i:/9):b,c,d,e,g,p,t,v,z. /e/(7):f,l,m,n,s,x,z /ai/(2):i,y. /eu/(1):o /ju/(3):q,u,w. /a:/(1):r3.是辅音字母前面却用an:f,l,m,n,s,x,h,r. 是元音字母前面却用a:u4.四个“好”1）fine

2、:身体好，天气好。Eg:Im fine. Today is a fine day.2)good质量好，品质好Eg:This is a good jacket. We have a good teacher.3)nice 漂亮的，美味的，有好的Eg:Lucy is a nice girl. He has a big nice lunch. Its very nice of you.4)well 身体好，做，好（修饰动词）Eg:My grandmother is well. He can play the trumpet well.5.所有格1）加sEg:Jims mother Mikes rul

3、er her brothers friend2)以s结尾的只加Eg:his parents car students classroom3)共同拥有的，只在最后加Eg:Lucy and Lilys desk is new. Tom and Jims room is clean.4)分别拥有的，分别加Eg: Ginas and Annas backpacks are yellow.Dales and Bills chairs are under the table.6.同义句1).How much is/are the.?=Whats the price of the? Its/Theyre.=

4、The price of theisEg:How much are the socks?=Whats the price of the sock?They are 25 dollars=The price of them is 25.2).What color is/are the ?=Whats the color of the? Its/Theyre =The color of the .is.Eg:What color are the flowers?=Whats the color of the flowers?They are yellow and red.=The color of

5、 the flowers is yellow and red.7. Here is my family photo. 这是我的全家福照片。1)倒装句式：副词谓语主语（名词）Here is your letter.这是你的信。介词主语（代词）谓语 Here you are. 给你。2) Here is/ are. .常用于把某物递给说话的对象This is . .也表示“这是。”但通常用于介绍；This is my friend,Jim.3） a photo of me (照片上就是我) A photo of mine (是属于我拥有的照片， 不一定照片上就是我，可能是别人，也可能是风景动物等的

6、照片) A photo of Jim 照片上就是吉姆A photo of Jims 属于吉姆拥有的照片A photo of my brother 照片上就是我弟弟A photo of my brothers 属于我弟弟拥有的照片8. There are some books in the bookcase. 书柜里有些书。There be 句型1）构成及意义There be + n. + 某处. 在某处有什么。例如：There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妆台上有一个闹钟。There are some keys in the drawer.抽屉里有一些钥

7、匙。2) 否定式 例如：There isnt a baseball on the floor.地上没有一个棒球。There arent any books in the bookcase. 书柜里没有一些书。3) 疑问句及回答例如：Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妆台上有一个闹钟吗？Yes ,there is.是的，有。No, there isnt.不，没有。4）There be句型的就近原则：若有两个或两个以上的主语是，谓语常与靠近它的那个主语一致。例如：There is a book, two pens and some cups on t

8、he table.There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.5)变疑问句或否定句时，应将原句中的some改为any。6)对不可数名词的数量提问：比较问的对象不一样：There is two bowls of broccoli in the bowl（碗）.碗里有些花椰菜。How much broccoli is there in the bowl（碗）? 碗里有多少花椰菜？How many bowls of broccoli are there on the table?有多少碗花椰菜？ 7)在变特殊疑问句时，不要忘记加are(

9、is) there。How many people are there in the room? ()房间里有多少人？How many people in the room? ()8)与have的区别：have表示某人或某物拥有什么；I have a book.我有一本书。There be表示在什么地方存在什么。9. I want to join your school sports center.我想加入你们学校的体育中心。 want 想，想要1) want + sth. “想要” 例如：I want two hamburgers.2) want to do sth. “想要做” 例如：He

10、 wants to join the reading club.他想加入阅读俱乐部3) want sb. (not) to do sth. “想某人（不）做什么” 例如：My mother wants me to write English words every day.我的母亲想要我每天写英语单词。He wants that boy not to play soccer in the classroom.他想要那个男孩不在教室里踢足球。10. Ed Smith has a great sports collection.Ed Smith有丰富的体育用品收藏。1)名词修饰名词一般情况下变复数

11、时，只有被修饰的名词变为复数形式，例如：apple tree apple trees 苹果树 toy train toy trains玩具火车2)如果修饰词为man, woman则两个名词都要变为复数形式，例如：woman doctor-women doctors 女医生man teacher -men teachers 男教师3)有的名词本身常以复数形式出现，例如：clothes shop-clothes shops服装店 sports club-sports club体育俱乐部4)丰富的钢笔收藏：a great/big pen collection 很小的钢笔收藏：a small pen

12、collection11. 1) 看：watch, see, look, read例如：watch TV/ a movie/ a football game观看电视/电影/足球比赛see a film/comedy/ an old friend看电影/一位老朋友look at the picture/ that funny boy看着这副画/那个有趣的男孩read the map/an interesting story读这副地图/一个有趣的故事12. on, in, at的用法：1）on + 具体某一天 / 具体某一天的早、中、晚例如： on Sunday 在星期天 on January 2

13、nd 在一月2号 on the morning of October 1st 在十月一号的早晨 on Monday evening 在星期一晚上 on a spring afternoon在一个春季的下午on a warm morning在一个温暖的早晨2）in + 时间段 例如：in the morning / afternoon / evening在早晨/中午/晚上 in a year/ season/ month/ week在一年/季/月/周里in April在四月里 3) at + 几点，例如： at 8:00 at noon/ night在正午/夜里at this time of y

14、ear 在一年中的这个时候高分突破：如果时间状语前面有this, that, next, every等，则不用介词。例如： See you next term.下学期见。13.1) 对年龄提问：How old are you?=Whats your age?=May I know/have your age?其回答：Im . (years old).高分突破：表达年龄的几个同义句：Tom is 15.=Tom is 15 years old.=Tom is a 15-year-old boy.=Tom is a boy of 15=Toms age is 15.数词-year-old通常只用作

15、定语，其中year用名词单数形式，例如：a 1000-word article一千字的文章an exciting 5-day trip一个令人激动的5日游。当数字是8,18,80,800,11等元音开头的词前时，注意不定冠词要用an,例如：an 8-year-old boy 一个8岁大的男孩子 an 11-dollar hat一顶11美元的的帽子14. I think its exciting. 我认为这非常精彩。主语+ think + 从句 例如：I think I lost my pen.我认为我丢了我的钢笔。注意：think这种句子变否定句时要否定转移,即think后不能跟否定句。 例如

16、上面例句变为否定句为：I dont think I lost my pen. () I think I didnt lose my pen. ()15. too, also和either的区别：1) too用于句末 例如： Tom is from America. Lucy is from America, too.2) also用于句中（be动词后，行为动词前）例如： Tom is from America. Lucy is also from America .3）either用于否定句末 例如： Tom isnt tall. Lucy isnt tall, either. Tom不高，

17、Lucy也不高。16. Are you good with children? 你能和孩子们和谐相处吗？1) be good with = get on well with 与某人和谐相处2) be good to= be friendly/kind to 对友好 He is good to me .他对我好。17. What a funny time to have breakfast! 吃早饭的时间多么有趣！感叹句用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰词放于句首，其它用陈述语序。1)由what引导的感叹句一般有以下三种结构型式：被修饰词是不可数名词时，用 “What形容词不可数名

18、词主语谓语！” 例如： What great weather!多好的天气啊！ What sweet water it is!多甜的水啊！被修饰词是可数名词单数时，用 “Whata/an形容词单数可数名词主语谓语！” 例如：What an interesting movie it is!多有趣的电影啊！被修饰词是可数名词复数时，用 “What形容词复数可数名词主语谓语！” 例如：What great books they are!多好的书啊！2)用how引导的感叹句一般有以下两种形式： How形容词主语谓语！” 例如：How nice the shorts are! 多漂亮的短裤啊！ How b

19、oring the TV show is! 多无聊的电视节目啊！ How副词主语谓语！例如：How hard he studies!他学习多努力啊！ 18.to遇到home, here, there，over there这几个副词必须去掉。Eg:get home/here/there到家/这儿/那儿go home/ there回家/去那儿come here来这儿19. Our teacher is very strict and he makes me very tired.我们的老师非常的严格，而且常使我感到很累。strict 严格的1 be strict with sb. 对某人严格My

20、teacher is strict with us.我的老师对我们要求严格。Their parents are really strict with them他们的父母对他们真的要求严格。 be strict in sth. 对某事严格Our teacher is strict in our homework. 我们的老师对我们的作业要求严格。 be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人在某事方面严格They are strict with me in my homework. 他们对我的作业要求严格。20.1)对时间点提问：What time is it?=Whats th

21、e time? Its2）对星期几提问：What day is it today? 3)对日期提问： Whats the date today?21句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe, youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is要变为are。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. T

22、hey are apples.(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box. These are boxes.(6)复数变单数则相反。22.基数词变序数词口诀： 基变序，有规律，词尾加上th;123，特殊记，词尾字母tdd;8去t，9去e,f来把ve替；整十变y为ie，后跟th莫迟疑；若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。23.变否定句和一般疑问句时，遇到some改成any； 变否定句时把and改成or，把also或者too改成either！ 24.当你、我、他她做主语时，顺序为二、三、一。当你们、我们、他们做主语时，顺序为一、二、三。Eg;You,h

23、e and I are good students. We,you and they are good students.25.Mr. Greens 格林夫妇 The Greens 格林一家人Eg:Mr. White is an actor. Mr. White are anctos. The Whites are having lunch. 26.两个工作work, job区别一：work是动词，job是名词Eg:He works in a school. He wants a job in a school.区别二：work是不可数名词，job是可数名词。Eg:He has much work to do every day. There are many jobs in big cities.