1、江苏高考英语专题一语法知识第10讲代词含答案第10讲代词 1In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from _ in the UK.(2016浙江,3)Athat BthisCone Dit答案A解析句意为:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的并没有很大的不同。代词 that 指代前文中出现的the education system。this这个;one泛指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个;it指代上文提到过的同一事物。根据语境可知应选A项。2To warm himself,the sailor sat i
2、n front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _.(2015陕西,13)Aanother Bthe otherCother Deither答案B解析句意为:为了让自己暖和起来,这个水手坐在火堆旁,光着脚,用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示“(两者中的)一个另一个”用one.the other.。3The meeting will be held in September,but _ knows the date for sure.(2015重庆,2)Aeverybody BnobodyCanybody Dsomebody答案B解析句意为:会议将在九月
3、召开,但是没人知道具体日期。句中的 but表转折,根据句意可知应选nobody。4The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but _ contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建,21)Aall BnoneCeither Dneither答案D解析句意为:这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道,但是二者没有一个包含有用的建议。根据题干中的two reports和but可知,此处表示“两者都不”,所以用neither。5Niki is always full of ideas,
4、but_is useful to my knowledge.(2015四川,10)Anothing Bno oneCneither Dnone答案D解析句意为:Niki总是有很多想法,但是据我所知,没有一个想法有用。nothing什么都没有,没有东西;no one指人,故选项B错误;neither两者都不,与语意不符;none表示三者或三者以上都不,可指人也可指物,故此题选D。6How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just sh
5、ut it off without asking you?(2015浙江,12)Athem BoneCthose Dit答案D解析句意为:如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目,这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了,你会怎么想?固定表达:How would you like it if.?意为“如果,你会怎么想?”在此结构中it代替后面if从句的内容。7In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in_,knives and forks.(2014福建,21)Aanother BothersCboth Dall答案B解析句意为:在一些国家,人
6、们用筷子吃饭,然而在另一些国家,人们用刀子和叉子。some.others.是固定用法,意思是“一些另一些”,故选B。8Good families are much to all their members,but _ to none.(2014江苏,34)Asomething BanythingCeverything Dnothing答案C解析句意为:优秀的家庭对它的成员来说意味着很多,但绝不是全部。everything to none为部分否定,相当于Good families are not everything to any one of their members.9You can a
7、sk anyone for help._ here is willing to lend you a hand.(2014安徽,24)AOne BNo oneCEveryone DSomeone答案C解析句意为:你可以向任何人求助。这儿的每个人都愿意为你提供帮助。由前半句设置的情景可知,后半句空中应为Everyone。10When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?_.Ill be in all day.(2014江西,32)AAny BNoneCNeither DEither 答案D解析句意为:我什么时候打电话过来,早晨还是下午?都可以,我一直
8、都在。根据句意可知是在早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择。A、B两项通常都表示三者或三者以上的情况;neither表示两者都不;either表两者中选择其一。故D项符合题意。11A smile costs _,but gives much.(2014重庆,1)Aanything BsomethingCnothing Deverything答案C解析句意为:微笑是无需付出任何成本的,但是却给予很多。故选C项。cost nothing意为“无需付出”。12An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making _ the driest yea
9、r since California became a state in 1850.(2014浙江,3)Aeach BitCthis Done答案B解析句意为:去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米,使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。由语境可知,空格处替代前面提到的last year,为同名同物的指代,用it。each每个;this这个;one一个,泛指“同类当中的一个”。13Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.(2014大纲全国,25)AHe BItCThis DThat答案B解析句意为:谁在门口?是送奶员。由语境可知,此处指“不知道性
10、别的某个人”,要用it表示,故B项正确。this与that均为指示代词,但是没有此用法。14Susan made _ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(2014山东,4)Athat BthisCit Dher答案C解析根据句意和句子结构可知,从句“她想为自己创造新生活”是make的真正宾语。故空格处应填入形式宾语it。15Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.(2014四川,1)Aboth Bnei
11、therCnone Deither答案B解析句意为:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特都生活过,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,所以就搬到了剑桥。both两者都;neither表示两者的全部否定;none表三者及以上的全部否定;either表两者中选择其一。此处是表示两者的全部否定,故使用neither。16Those who smoke heavily should remind _ of health,the bad smell and the feelings of other people.(2013上海,26)Atheirs BthemCthemselves Doneself答案C解析句意为:那些吸烟很凶
12、的人应该提醒他们自己健康、气味难闻和他人的感受。由语境可知,此处是提醒他们自己,用反身代词,故C项正确。17Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is _.(2013重庆,31)Aanother Bthe otherCone another Done答案A解析句意为:回收利用是保护环境的一种方法,重复利用是另外一种方法。another是三者或三者以上之中的另一个;the other是两者之中的另一个;one another意为“互相”;one表示“一个”。保护环境的方法有很多。故选A项。18At our factory
13、there are a few machines similar to_described in this magazine.(2013天津,12)Athem BtheseCthose Dones答案C解析句意为:在我们工厂有一些机器与这本杂志上描述的相似。those指代前面提到的复数名词machines。19Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?4,000,or _ like that.(2012福建,22)Aanything BeverythingCsomething Dnothing答案C解析问句句意为:你计算出这次旅行将会花多
14、少钱了吗?答语中给出的回答是“4 000美元”,然而紧跟其后又出现了“or(或者)”,所以判断答者是给出了两种回答:花4 000美元或者4 000美元左右。解答好本题的关键是要掌握“something like数字”这一结构,意为“左右”。本题易误认为是考查or something(诸如此类的事)短语的运用,需仔细区分。20We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose_based on your own interests.(2011福建,21)Aeither BeachCone Dit答案C解析句意为:我们有各种各
15、样的暑期夏令营,你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。either两者中任何一个;each每一个;one一个,为泛指,泛指同类事物或人中的某一个;it为特指,特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知,此处应是表示泛指的某一个,泛指上句提到的various summer camps中的某一个。故选C项。1none,nothing,no one的区别(1)none可与由of连接的人或物组成短语,而nothing,no one(nobody)不可。None of us went to the concert last night.昨天晚上我们中没有一个人去听音乐会。(2)none回答How many.或H
16、ow much.的问题,而no one(nobody)和nothing则分别用来回答Who.和What.的问题。How many students in your class went to the lecture?None.你们班有多少学生去听报告了?一个也没有。Who did you see enter the lonely house?Nobody.你看见谁进了那间僻静的房间?没看见一个人。(3)none可以指代前面提到的人或物,no one(nobody)和nothing没有这种作用。He has a brother,but I have none.他有一个兄弟,而我一个也没有。2no
17、ne,neither,all,both,any,either的区别(1)none表示三者或三者以上都不;neither表示两者都不。(2)all表示三者或三者以上都;both表示两者都。(3)any表示三者或三者以上中的任何一个;either表示两者中的任何一个。None of his friends has/have ever been to Paris.他的朋友没有一人去过巴黎。Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but neither of them wants to,because they have work to
18、 do.拉里请比尔和彼得一起去野餐,但他们两人都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。You can park on either side of the street.你在街道的哪边停车都可以。3it,one,that,those作替代词的区别(1)it所代替的是前面提到过的同一事物,而one所代替的是同类事物中的“一个”,onea/an名词,它只能代替可数名词,其复数形式是ones。I cant find my pen.Do you see it?我找不到我的钢笔了。你看见它了吗?I need a bike but I have no money to buy one.我需要一辆自行车,可没钱买。(
19、2)thatthe名词,它既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词,它所代替的也是同类事物。His behavior was not that of gentleman.他的行为不是正人君子的行为。(3)those替代上文中提到的复数名词,既可指人,也可指物。those指人时,后须跟定语。Those who break the law will be punished.那些违反法律的人要受到惩罚。4it的两种特殊用法(1)作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词或从句。It is no use arguing with him.与他争辩是没有用的。(2)注意下列句型中的it:It is时间段sinc
20、e.自从以来多久了。It was时间段before过去时多久以后才It will be时间段before一般现在时多久之后才It wont be long before.不久就It is/was被强调部分that/who.强调句型It is (high) time thatdid/should do sth.到了某人做某事的时候了。It be (just) like sb.to do sth.像某人做某事的风格。It be the序数词timethat.是第几次5other,another,the other,others,the others(1)other作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词。I
21、ll come again some other day.我改日再来吧。(2)another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。其名词前不加冠词。I dont want this one.Please give me another.我不想要这一个,请给我另一个。(3)the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”,是特指,常用于“one.the other.”句型中。She has two children.One is a boy,and the other is a girl.她有两个孩子,一个是男孩,另一个是女孩。(4)others用作代词,泛指“其他人”或“其
22、它物”,常用于“some.others.”句型中。Some say yes,and others say no.有人说对,有人说不对。(5)the others指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部。There are fifty-five students in our class.Thirty of us are girls.The others are boys.我们班有五十五个学生,三十个是女生,其余的是男生。1Shall we meet and discuss the problem at 9 am?Im afraid I will be busy at that time.Lets ma
23、ke it _ time.(2017南菁高中自主招生试题,5)Aothers Bthe otherCanother Dother答案C解析句意为:上午9点我们见面讨论这个问题好吗?恐怕那时我很忙。咱们另约个时间吧。another指众多事物中的“另一个”,符合句意。2We believe that this is not only an inevitable trend,but _ will prove beneficial.(2017盐城期中,24)Aone BonesCthe one Done that答案D解析句意为:我们相信这不仅是必然的趋势,而且也将证明是有利的。分析句子成分可知,空格
24、处为泛指,指代上文的an inevitable trend,故one符合题意,其后为定语从句,当先行词为表物的不定代词时,其关系词只能用that,定语从句中缺少主语,所以that不能省略。故D项符合题意。3Though Im not making _ near as much money as I did when I was employed full time,I have more time to accompany the family.(2017海安高级中学检测,21)Aanything BeverythingCanywhere Deverywhere 答案C解析句意为:虽然我远没有
25、做全职工作时挣的钱那样多,但我有更多的时间陪伴家人。固定搭配:not anywhere near (nowhere near)远不如;远不像。4A responsible teacher must see to _ that every one of his students develops his full potential.(2017苏州调研,17)Aall BthemC/ Dit答案D解析句意为:一个负责任的老师必须确保他的每一个学生都能发挥他的全部潜能。固定短语:see to it that.,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是that从句。5The artificial intelli
26、gence(AI) and the possible dangers _ may cause to human race have raised wide concern.(2017武进区期中,32)Awhich BwhatCthat Dit答案D解析句意为:人工智能及其对人类可能造成的危害已引起广泛关注。此题填it,指代前面的the artificial intelligence,it may cause to human race是定语从句,修饰dangers。故答案为D。6I think George left because he had lost his job or _.(2017
27、启东中学调研,32)Anothing BanythingCsomething Deverything答案C解析考查不定代词。句意为:我认为George离开是因为他已经失去了工作什么的。or something诸如此类的东西,为固定搭配。故选C项。7The group made _ clear that they were strongly against mistreating an animal.(2017灌南高级中学检测,33)Athis BthatCit Done答案C解析句意为:该团体已经明确表示他们强烈反对虐待动物。make itadj.that从句,其中it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是
28、后面的that引导的宾语从句。故选C。8Of all the clues they provided,_ is of any help for solving the case of robbery.(2017南京师大附属实验学校期中,33)Anothing BneitherCnone Dno one答案C解析句意为:在他们提供的所有线索中,没有一个是对此抢劫案的解决有帮助的。nonenone of all the clues they provided。nothing没有什么;neither两者都不;none(三者以上)都不;no one没有人。故选C项。9Bob isnt feeling
29、well.He has caught a cold.Everybody seems to have _ because of the sudden change of the weather.(2017南京师大附属实验学校期中,26)Aone BitCthat Danother答案A解析句意为:鲍勃感到很不舒服,他感冒了。由于天气突变,好像每个人都感冒了。one表示同名异物,表示泛指,相当于“a/an名词”;it表示同名同物;that表示特指;another另一个。故选A项。10All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athena,especially _ that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena.(2017盐城景山中学调研,23)Aone BthatCthe one Dwhich答案C解析句意为:我们都渴望参观雅典娜的三大神庙,尤其是里面有用金子和象牙雕塑而成的雅典娜塑像的那座。此
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