高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit19Language教师用书北师大版选修7.docx

1、高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit19Language教师用书北师大版选修7Unit 19Language 单词拼写应用.考纲单词会拼写、要识记1nationwide adv. 全国性地2thankful adj. 为感到高兴的；感谢的3absence n. 缺乏；缺席4enlarge vt. 扩大5adjust vt. 调节；调整6inform vt. 告知，通知7relative n. 亲戚，亲属8fasten vt. 束紧9sincerely adv. 真诚地10punctuation n. 标点符号11constitution n. 宪法12liberty n. 自由13ac

2、quisition n. (语言)习得14curriculum n. (学校的)课程15adequate adj. 足够的，充分的16accelerate vi.& vt. 加速17explicit adj. 明确的；清楚的18resemble vt. 与相似；像19transparent adj. 透明的；清晰易辨的20amateur adj. 业余的.派生单词能辨别1fluency n. 流畅度，流利度 fluent adj. 流畅的2accuracy n. 精确度，准确度 accurate adj. 正确无误的3surround vt. 环绕，围绕 surrounding adj. 周围

3、的 surroundings n. 环境4announcement n. 通告；宣告 announce vt. 通告；宣告5congratulate vt. 祝贺 congratulation n. 祝贺6unconscious adj. 无意的；不知不觉的 conscious adj. 有意识的；有知觉的7applicant n. 申请人 apply vt. 申请 application n. 申请，请求8punctual adj. 准时的，守时的 punctually adv. 如期地，准时地9negotiate vt. 谈判；协商 negotiation n. 谈判；协商10embarr

4、ass vt. 使窘迫 embarrassed adj. 令人难堪的，令人窘迫的 embarrassing adj. 窘迫的 embarrassment n. 窘迫，难堪.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1My spoken English is not half as fluent(fluence) as yours.2Accuracy(accurate) is more important than speed in his new job.3The surrounding(surround) villages have been absorbed by/into the growing

5、 city.4They found him lying unconscious(conscious) on the floor when they broke in.5Allow me to offer my warm congratulations(congratulate) on the success of your troupe(表演团)6We are satisfied with the smoothness of the negotiation(negotiate)7He made the announcement(announce) in a speech on televisi

6、on.8Many people have applied for the job.The applicants must hand in their applications by Friday.(apply)9He was absent from the meeting.His absence made the problem more difficult.(absence)10The question really embarrassed him.In other words，the embarrassingquestion made him embarrassed(embarrass)拓

7、展联想前缀“en”动词全扫描enrich 使充实enable 使能够enlarge 扩大ensure 确保，担保endanger 使遭遇危险entitle 给命题enforce 执行，实施与“购物”相关的名词一览discount 折扣customer 顾客consumer 消费者purchase 购买bargain 便宜货cashier 出纳员refund 退款由“surroundings”想到的savings 积蓄earnings 工资belongings 所有物findings 调查greetings 问候的话sufferings 痛苦，苦恼短语多维应用.短语回顾会默写1keep in m

8、ind 记住2stand out 出色；突出3get ahead 取得成功；获得进步4rely on 依靠；依赖5take the form of 以的形式出现(存在)6adjust.to. 调整以适应7inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事8consist of 由组成，构成9catch on 学会；受欢迎10for ages 很久，很长时间11congratulate sb. on sth. 就某事向某人祝贺12on purpose 故意地13regardless of 不管；不顾14on the other hand 另一方面15I bet 我肯定16more than 不仅

9、仅；超过.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1On the one hand，I want to sell the house，but on the other hand I cant bear the thought of moving.2The new fashion has caught on with young people after coming onto the market.3I asked him why he left out important information on purpose4Getting ahead at work is the most impor

10、tant thing to me at the moment.5On hearing the news，I called them immediately to congratulate them on success.6The medical team consisting of five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to West Africa.7Bella was in despair and felt she had no one to rely on in the world.8They were all attractive，but

11、 she stood out from the others.9Keep in mind that letting go is a state of mind and has nothing to do with your action.10He kept us waiting for ages while he packed his luggage.11For safetys sake，dont drive more than 30 kilometers per hour in the city.12She is determined to do anything regardless of

12、 all consequences.拓展联想盘点“组成”短语consist of 由组成make up 组成；化妆be made up of 由所组成be composed of 由所组成“故意地”相关词汇知多少purposely adv. 故意地，蓄意地deliberately adv. 蓄意地；故意地intentionally adv. 故意地，有意地by design 故意地，有意地on purpose 有目的地，有意地mind短语个个清make up ones mind 下决心bear/keep in mind 记住change ones mind 改变主意come to mind 突

13、然记起或想到句式结构仿写教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.It was predicted that.“据预测”It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.1.有人预测，未来几年云平台的使用将会翻三倍。It is predicted that the use of cloud platforms could triple in the next c

14、ouple of years.2.“whether.or.”引导让步状语从句Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.2.无论明天下不下雨，我们都要去参观鸟巢。We are going to pay a visit to the Birds Nest tomorrow，whether it rains or not.3.provided that引导条件状语从句Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in adva

15、nce.3.只要情况允许，我们下周将举行会议。Provided that circumstances permit，we shall hold the meeting next week.(对应学生用书第135页)精讲6个考纲单词 absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席教材原句However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，没有英语语言环境，学英语是很难的。(1)absence from. 缺席；离开absence

16、 of mind 心不在焉during/in ones absenceduring/in the absence of sb. 在某人不在的时候(2)absent adj. 缺席的；茫然的absentminded adj. 心不在焉的be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少The decision was made in my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。His failure lies in his absence of mind.他的失败在于心不在焉。Tom was absent from school because he was ill.汤姆因病没去上学。 s

17、urround vt.&vi.包围；围绕高考佳句Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Dont let negativity ruin your motivation.(2015福建高考阅读理解E)然后确保你周围的人都是支持你的，不要让消极的因素毁掉你的积极性。(1)surround sb./sth. with sb./sth. 使某人/物包围某人/物be surrounded by/with 被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的surroundings n. 环境(指周围的具体的

18、物质环境)Surrounded by the sea on three sides，modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.现代的青岛三面环水，被认为是中国最宜居住的城市之一。Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings只有这样我们才能生活在更舒适更美丽的环境里。The surrounding (surround) village have been absorbed by/into the

19、growing city.周围的村庄已经并入了那不断扩展的城市。 链接写作 【导学号：33220069】(普通表达)Our village is surrounded with a lot of trees and it looks so peaceful.(高级表达)Surrounded with a lot of trees，our village looks so peaceful.(用过去分词短语作状语) guarantee vt.保证；担保 n保证；保证书；抵押品教材原句Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee gr

20、eater comprehension when reading in English.读前了解新闻的主要内容可以保证阅读英文时更透彻的理解。(1)guarantee sb. against/from 保证某人免受(损伤或伤害)guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事guarantee that. 保证be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内give sb. a guarantee (that.) 向某人保证()I guarantee that this will

21、not happen again.我保证此类事情不会再发生。We guarantee to deliver(deliver)your goods within a week.我们保证一周内到货。The car is less than a year old，so it is still under guarantee.这辆车还没有一年，因此它在保修期内。 adjust vt.调节；调整；整理 vi.适应经典例句If your employment status changes，your tax code will be adjusted accordingly.(朗文辞典)如果就业状况改变，你

22、的免税代码也会作相应调整。(1)adjust to 适应于adjust (sth./oneself) to (doing) sth. 使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应make an adjustment 作出调整Adjust your language to the age of your audience.要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。My parents had trouble adjusting to living(live)in an apartment.我父母不习惯住公寓。We must adjust ourselves to t

23、he new life as soon as possible.我们必须尽快适应新生活。 inform vt.告知，通知经典例句I have been reliably informed that the couple will marry next year.(牛津词典)我得到可靠消息说他们俩将明年结婚。(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb. that. 告知某人(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事We regret to inform you that y

24、our application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解。The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed (inform) of the programmes progress.老板要求秘书随时向他报告计划的进展情况。 embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难经典例句What embarrassed him was that

25、 he had no idea of what was going on.对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很难堪。(1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人窘迫(2)embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的be embarrassed at/about (对)感到为难/尴尬(3)embarrassing adj. 令人困窘的(4)embarrassment n. 困窘，困惑to ones embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is，t

26、he juicier the gossip it makes.(2016浙江高考阅读理解A)秘密越是令人尴尬或者不体面，流言就会越刺激。It embarrasses me to meet (meet) the young man again，for I misunderstood him.再次见到这个轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会了他。Much to her embarrassment，she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。 链接写作 【导学号：33220070】他说的话使她在同学们面前很难堪。W

27、hat he said makes her lose face in front of her classmates.What he said makes her embarrassed in front of her classmates.诠释2个核心短语 catch on学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；被接受一词多义写出下列句中catch on的含义The new dance quickly caught on among the students.流行起来Sometimes I dont catch on to your jokes. 理解I think this novel

28、 will catch on well after it comes out.受欢迎If only this idea could catch on，we should be able to make quite a lot of money out of it.被接受He is very quick to catch on to things.学会catch ones attention 引起某人的注意；吸引某人catch up with 赶上catch hold of 抓住catch sight of 看见catch sb. doing sth. 发现(撞见)某人做某事My sister

29、caught hold of my sleeve and pulled me back.姐姐抓住我的袖子，把我拉了回来。I caught my deskmate reading (read) my private letters.我的同桌在阅读我的私人信件时被我撞见了。 on the other hand另一方面高考佳句Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the other hand，it could just put you in debt.(2014江西高考单项填空

30、)开始你自己的事业可能是一种获得经济独立的方法。另一方面，它可能将你置于债务之中。on(the)one hand.on the other (hand). 一方面另一方面for one thing.for another. 一方面另一方面(用于引出并列的理由)On the one hand，of course，cars are useful.But on the other hand，they cause a huge amount of pollution.一方面来说，汽车当然很有用，但从另一方面来说，它们也造成了大量污染。Why do you like reading?For one thing，reading can help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons；for another，it can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.你为什么