计算机英语专业外语第三版unit10.docx

1、计算机英语专业外语第三版unit10幻灯片1UNIT 10 Cyberculture (计算机文化)Section A Using E-Mail幻灯片2Cyberculture IntroductionI. Introduction E-mail is an electronic system for sending and receiving messages and files over a computer network. Compared to the phone or paper-based documents, e-mail is still relatively new in

2、the workplace. When you are using e-mail, here are a few guidelines to keep in mind:I. 引言电子邮件是通过计算机网络收发消息及文件的一种电子系统。不过，与电话或纸质文档相比，电子邮件在工作场所中仍属于比较新的事物。这里有几条使用电子邮件时需记住的指导原则：幻灯片3CybercultureIntroduction E-mail is increasingly used for professional purposes -Not long ago, e-mall was considered a seconda

3、ry form of communication. It was spontaneous and chatty, used mostly for quick comments or nonessential information. Today, e-mail is a principal form of communication in most workplaces, so people expect e-mail messages to be professional and nonfrivolous电子邮件越来越多地用于专业目的不久以前，电子邮件还被视为一种次要的交流形式。那时，它自然

4、并具有聊天式的风格，大多用于表达未加深思的意见或传递不重要的信息。今天，电子邮件在大多数工作场所已成为一种主要的交流形式。因此，人们期待电子邮件具有专业性，不轻薄琐屑。 Spontaneous:adj自发的, 一时冲动的幻灯片4Cyberculture Introduction Yes No Score Can you receive and send messages? Yes Marks Can you forward documents to others? Expert 8-10 Can you receive and send attached documents? Achiever

5、 7-8 Do you sort your e-mail messages into folders? Beginner 5-6 Can you send one e-mail message to multiple people? Get to Work 0-5 是 否 得分 你会收发消息吗？ 得分（是） 你会转发文档给他人吗？ 810分 专家级 你会收发附件吗？ 78分 熟练级 你把电子邮件分类整理到文件夹中吗？ 56分 入门级 你会把一封电子邮件发给多个人吗？ 05分 需要努力幻灯片5Cyberculture Introduction Have you created and used

6、a signature file ? Are you on any mailing lists (listservs)? Do you know what flaming is? Do you know what spam is? Do you know what netiquette is? 你已经创建和使用签名文件了吗？ 你加入任何邮件讨论组（新闻组）了吗？ 你知道什么是在邮件讨论组中争论吗？ 你知道什么是垃圾邮件吗？ 你知道什么是网规吗？幻灯片6Cyberculture IntroductionE-mail is a form of public communication Your r

7、eaders can purposely or mistakenly send your e-mail messages to countless others. So, you should not say things with e-mail that you would not say openly to your supervisors, coworkers, or clients.电子邮件是一种公开的交流形式你的读者可能把你的电子邮件有意发给或误发给数不清的其他人。所以，你不应该用电子邮件说那些你不愿公开说给主管、同事或客户听的事。幻灯片7Cyberculture Introduct

8、ion E-mail is increasingly formal -In the past, readers forgave typos, misspellings, and bloopers in e-mail messages, especially when e-mail was new and difficult to use. Today. readers expect e-mails to be more formal, reflecting the quality expected in other forms of communication. 电子邮件越来越正式过去，读者会

9、原谅电子邮件中的打字错误、拼写错误以及失礼，特别是在电子邮件刚出现并难以使用的时候。今天，读者期待电子邮件更为正式，能够显示出对其他交流形式所期待的质量。幻灯片8Cyberculture Introduction E-mail standards and conventions are still being formedHow e-mail should be used in the workplace is still being worked out. People hold widely different views about the appropriate (and inappr

10、opriate) use of e-mail. So, you need to pay close attention to how e-mail is used in your company and your readers companies. Many companies are developing policies explaining how e-mail should be used. If your company has a policy on e-mail usage, you should read it and follow it. 电子邮件标准和常规还在形成中电子邮

11、件在工作场所应该如何使用，这一点还在探索中。关于电子邮件的适当（以及不适当）使用，人们持有相差甚远的看法。因此，你需要密切关注在你的公司和你读者的公司中电子邮件是如何使用的.许多公司正在制订阐述如何使用电子邮件的政策.如果你的公司制定有关于电子邮件使用的政策，你应该阅读并遵循该政策。幻灯片9Cyberculture IntroductionYou should also keep in mind that legal constraints shape how e-mail is used in the workplace. E-mail, like any other written doc

12、ument, is protected by copyright law. So, you need to be careful not to use e-mails in any way that might violate copyright law. For example, if you receive an e-mail from a client, you cannot immediately post it to your companys website without that clients permission.你还应该记住，法律约束对在工作场所如何使用电子邮件具有决定性

13、作用。像任何其他的书面文档一样，电子邮件受版权法保护。因此，你得小心，不要以可能触犯版权法的任何方式使用电子邮件。例如，如果你收到一位客户的电子邮件，在没有得到该客户允许的情况下，你不能将电子邮件马上发布到你公司的网站上。幻灯片10Cyberculture Introduction Also, lawyers and courts treat e-mail as written communication, equivalent to a memo or letter. For example, much of the antitrust case against Microsoft in t

14、he late 1990s was built on recovered e-mail messages in which Bill Gates and other executives chatted informally about aggressively competing with other companies.还有，律师和法庭把电子邮件视为书面通信，将其等同于备忘录或信函。例如，20世纪90年代末针对微软的反垄断案在很大程度上就是以恢复的电子邮件为根据的；在这些电子邮件中，比尔盖茨和其他经营主管人员非正式地聊到与其他公司展开大胆有力的竞争。幻灯片11Cyberculture In

15、troductionLegally, any e-mail you send via the employers computer network belongs to the employer. So, your employers are within their rights to read your e-mail without your knowledge or permission. Also, deleted e-mails can be retrieved from the companys servers, and they can be used in a legal ca

16、se.从法律上讲，你通过雇主的计算机网络发送的任何电子邮件都属于雇主。因此，你的雇主有权阅读你的电子邮件而无需你知道或得到你的允许。另外，删除的电子邮件可从公司的服务器上恢复，而且它们可用于法律案件。幻灯片12Cyberculture IntroductionIncreasingly, harassment and discrimination cases hinge on evidence found in e-mails. Careless e-mails about personal relationships or appearances can be saved and used a

17、gainst the sender in a court case. Indiscreet comments about gender, race, or sexual orientation can also have unexpected consequences. Your harmless dirty jokes sent to your coworkers might end up being used by a lawyer to prove that you are creating a hostile workplace environment.骚扰和歧视案件越来越多地取决于在

18、电子邮件中找到的证据。关于个人关系或容貌的轻率电子邮件可能被保存并在法庭案件审理中用于对付发送人。关于性别、种族或性取向缺乏慎重的议论也可能带来意想不到的后果。你发送给同事的“无恶意的”黄色笑话，最终可能被律师用于证明你在制造一个“不利的工作环境”幻灯片13Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall II. Basic Features of E-Mall An e-mail is formatted similarly to a memo. Typical e-mail messages will have a header and body. They al

19、so have additional features like attachments and signatures. Header The header has lines for To and Subject. Usually, there are also lines like cc, bcc, and Attachments, which allow you to expand the capabilities of the message.II. 电子邮件的基本特征 电子邮件的格式编排类似于备忘录。典型的电子邮件有题头和正文。它们还有附件、签名等附加特征。1题头 题头有用于填写收件

20、人和主题的行。通常，还会有允许你扩展邮件功能的其他行，如抄送、密送、附件等。幻灯片14Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall To lineHere is where you type the e-mail address of the person to whom you are sending the e-mail. You can put multiple addresses on this line, allowing you to send your message to many people. 收件人行这是你键入你向其发送电子邮件的人的电子邮件

21、地址的地方。你可以在该行输入多个地址，允许你向多人发送邮件。幻灯片15Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall cc and bcc lines -They are used to copy the message to people who are not the primary readers, like your supervisors or others who might be interested in your conversation. The cc line shows your messages recipient that others

22、are receiving copies of the message too. The bcc line (blind cc) allows you to copy your messages to others without anyone else knowing.抄送和密送行这些行用于复制邮件给次要读者，如你的主管或者对你的交谈可能感兴趣的其他人。抄送行向收件人表明，有其他人在接收邮件的副本。密送行允许你在别人不知晓的情况下将邮件复制给他人。幻灯片16Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall Subject line -It signals the t

23、opic of the e-mail. Usually a small phrase is used. If the message is a response to a prior message, e-mail programs usually automatically insert a Re: into the subject line. If the message is being forwarded, a Fwd: is inserted in the subject line. 主题行该行标明电子邮件的话题，通常使用简短的语句。如果该邮件是对以前邮件的回复，则电子邮件程序通常会

24、在主题行自动插入“回复：”。如果转发邮件，则在主题行插入“转发：”.幻灯片17Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall Attachments line -It signals whether there are any additional files, pictures, or programs attached to the e-mail message. You can attach whole documents created on your word processor, spreadsheet program, or presentation

25、software. An attached document retains its original formatting and can be downloaded right to the readers computer. 附件行该行标明是否有任何其他文件、图片或程序附加于电子邮件之中。你可以附加在你的文字处理软件、电子数据表程序或演示软件中创建的整个文档。附加的文档会保持其原有格式，并可直接下载到读者的计算机中。幻灯片18Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall2. Message Area After the header, the message

26、 area is where you can type your comments to your readers. It should have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should minimally (1) define the subject, (2) state your purpose, and (3) state your main point. Also, if you want the reader to do something, you should mention it u

27、p front, not at the end of the e-mail.2信息区 信息区在题头下面，是你可键入致读者的话语的地方。它应该有清楚明白的引言、正文和结尾。 引言应尽可能简短地（1）表明主题、（2）说明用意并（3）阐述要点。还有，如果你想让读者做某事，你应该在最前面提出，而不是在电子邮件的结尾。幻灯片19Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall The body should provide the information needed to prove or support your e-mails purpose. The conclusio

28、n should restate the main point and look to the future, Most readers of e-mall never reach the conclusion, so you should tell them any action items early in the message and then restate them in the conclusion. 正文应提供证明或支持你的电子邮件用意所需的信息。 结尾应重申要点并展望未来。大多数电子邮件读者从来不看到结尾，因此你应该在邮件中提早告诉他们任何行动项目，然后在结尾部分予以重申。幻

29、灯片20Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall The message area might also include these other kinds of text: Reply text-When you reply to a message, most e-mail programs allow you to copy parts of the original message into your message, These parts are often identified with arrows running down the left

30、margin.信息区可能还包括其他类型的文本： 回复文本当你回复一封邮件时，大多数电子邮件程序允许你将原邮件的有关部分复制到你的邮件中。这些部分常常用沿着左面的页边空白向下排列的箭头标出。幻灯片21Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall LinksYou can also add in direct links to websites. Most programs will automatically recognize a webpage address like http:/www.predatorconservation.org and make it

31、 a live link in the e-mails message area. 链接 你还可以添加与网站的直接链接。大多数程序将自动识别一个像 http:/www.predatorconservation.org 的网页地址，并使其成为电子邮件信息区的一个活链接。幻灯片22Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall AttachmentsIf you attach a file to your e-mail message, you should tell the readers in the message area that a file is attached. Otherwise. they may not notice it. 附件如果你给你的电子邮件附加了一个文件，你应该在信息区告诉读者邮件中附加了一个文件。不然的话，他们也许注意不到该附件。幻灯片23Cyberculture Basic Features of E-Mall EmoticonsAnother common feature in the message area is the use of emoticons. Used sparingly, they can help you sig