九年级中考英语语法讲义及练习题.docx

1、九年级中考英语语法讲义及练习题第一讲：感叹句 感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： 1. What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语! 2. What +形容词+可数名词的复数形式+主语+谓语！3. What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪

2、明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：

3、1. How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语! 2. How+主语+谓语！如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ How time flies! 时光飞逝！三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot th

4、e day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest

5、boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ How cool! 好凉快呀！ How wonderful! 精彩极了！感叹句专项练习：一、单项选择（中考链接）1. _ food youve cooked! A. How a niceB. What a niceC. How nice D. What nice2. _terrible weather weve been having these days!A. What B. What aC. How D. How a3. _ I had! You really suffered a lot. A. What

6、a timeB. What time C. How a time D. how time4. _ sweet music! Do you like it? Mm, it _ beautiful!A. How; listens B. How a; sounds C. What a; listens D. What; sounds5. The six students from Lianyungang got the first prize in the Chinese Characters Dictation Competition in Jiangsu. _ exciting news it

7、is!A. What B. How C. What an D. How an6. _ delicious these beef noodles are!A. What B. How C. What a D. How a7. Look! _ happily the children are playing over there!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a8. _ honest man he is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 9. _ interesting the film is! Yes. I have se

8、en it twice. A. What B. How C. What an D. How an10. _ weather it is! We can go boating on the Dongchang Lake.A. How bad B. How good C. What good D. What bad11. _ fantastic documentary it is! Do you mean the hot film “Diaoyu Island-The Truth”?A. How B. How a C. What D. What a12. _role she played in t

9、he movie! Thats why she has a lot of fans.A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting13. Look! Laura is getting the first place. _fast runner she is!A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 14. _ brave Zhang Hua is! Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the f

10、ire.A. What a B. How C. How a D. What15. A number of people _ killed by the terrorists at the Urumqi train station. _ terrible it is!A. were; How B. was; How C. were; What D. was; What16. _ sweet music! And I really like the Voice of China TV programs. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a17. _ nervous

11、the girl was! She could not fall asleep all night.A. What B. What a C. How二、按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词1. These flowers are very beautiful. (改为感叹句) _ _ these flowers are!2. The little boy is very clever. (改为感叹句) _ _ the little boy is!3. Its a funny story. (改为感叹句) _ _ _ story it is!4. What a good girl she is! (改

12、为同义句) _ _ _ girl she is!5. How delicious the food is! (改为同义句) _ _ food it is!6. They are running fast. (改为感叹句) _ _ they are running!7. Her sister is a very lovely girl. (改为感叹句) _ _ lovely girl her sister is! _ _ her sister is!8. I have read a very interesting book. (改为感叹句) _ _ _ book I have read!9.

13、Your dictionary is very useful. (改为感叹句) _ _ your dictionary is!10. The children are singing and dancing happily. (改为感叹句)_ _ the children are singing and dancing!3、翻译1. 多么有用的一本书啊！_2. 他们玩得多开心啊！_3. 那些龙舟队真是棒极了！_4. 河里的水多么干净啊！_5. 李莉作业写得多认真啊！_6. 香港的食物真好吃啊！_7. 这些孩子们多么淘气啊！_8. 泼水节真有趣啊！_第二讲：宾语从句 宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中

14、非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：一、宾语从句的引导词A. 由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish, hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：I told him that he was wrong.1)在think, believe, suppose

15、, expect, imagine, guess等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式，这种情况叫做宾语从句的否定转移。例：I dont think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)2)在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone. (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)B. 由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的

16、成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.只用whether不用if:1)在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money.2)宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not.3)和不定式

17、连用作宾语时不用if引导例：I couldnt decide whether to do it.4)引导位于句首的主语从句时不用if引导例：Whether it is true remains a question.只用if不用whether:1) if引导条件状语从句，意为如果 例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2) if引导否定概念的宾语从句时 例句：He asked if I didnt come to school yesterday.3) 引导状语从句even if(即使)和as if(好象)时 例句：He talk

18、s as if he has known all about it.C. 由wh-引导的宾语从句。 连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中既有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语) I dont know where he lives. (where做地点状语)二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例：I believe th

19、at they will come soon. He asked me whether I was a teacher. They wanted to know what they can do for us.3、宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例: 1)She says that she is a student. She said that she was a student. 2)She says that she will fly

20、to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She says that she has finished her homework already. She said that she had finished her homework already. 4)She says that she can sing a song in English. She said that she could sing a song in English. 1)如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾

21、语从句要用一般现在时态。 例：The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country. 2)Could you tell me是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。 例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum?四、注意事项：宾语从句与简单句的交换。由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。 例：I d

22、ont know what I should do next. -I cant know what to do next. He didnt know where he would live. -He didnt know where to live.宾语从句专项练习：一、单项选择（中考链接）1. So, can you tell me _ here today? Well, I was walking down Centre Street when a UFO landed.A. what did you see B. what you saw C. when did you see it

23、D. when you saw2. Jack, could you tell me_for travelling this summer? We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.A. where your family will go B. how will your family goC. how your family will go D. where will your family go3. Dad, can you tell me _ to the amusement park? The day after tomorro

24、w.A. when we are going B. when we went C. when are we going D. when did we go4. Excuse me, could you please tell me _? Sure. Its about ten minutes walk.A. how long it takes to go to the zoo B. how far it is from here to the zoo C. how far is it from here to the zoo5. I have some tickets for the bask

25、etball match. I wonder _. A. where you buy the tickets B. why you like to go there C. if youd like to come along D. when you watch the match6. The teacher is already standing here. Do you know when she _? A. comes B. came C. is coming D. was coming 7. We have no idea _. Its heard that he is Mr. Gree

26、ns son.A. where he comes from B. if does he live here C. who he is D. who is he8. Excuse me, can you tell me _? Sorry, I dont know. You can go to the information desk. A. that there is a train B. when the train leaves C. which train can I take D. where does the train go9. Mum, summer holiday is comi

27、ng. I wonder_. How about Qinling Wild Zoo?A. where can we go B. where we can go C. how we can go D. how we can go 10. Could you tell me _? You can take the No. 1 bus. A. how can we get to Xingyi Airport B. how we can get to Xingyi AirportC. how do we get to Xingyi Airport D. how we got to Xingyi Air

28、port11. Do you know _ the meeting? Tomorrow morning.A. when they had B. when they are going to have C. when did they have D. when are they going to have12. David, could you tell me _? Every four years.A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish B. how often the World Cup takes placeC. how many teams take

29、 part in the World Cup D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup13. Can you tell me _? In three days. A. when will they go to the Science Museum B. how long they have been in New YorkC. how soon they will go to see the children left at home D. what time will they attend the meeting14. Could you tell me _? In August, 2014.A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place B. when will