高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析.docx

1、高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 What kind of rubbish are you? This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it was brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st, the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model

2、for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of ones rubbish. Violators could be hit with fines of up to 20

3、0 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets. Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other citie

4、s in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks

5、 a year. Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous(有害的), the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have

6、 complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss(投掷）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors a

7、t the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.（1）Whats the purpose of Paragraph 1? A.To complain about rubbish dividing.B.To explain the four categories of the waste.C.To introduce the rules on waste sorting.D.

8、To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.（2）What does the underlined word Violators in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.People who dont pay for train tickets.B.People who argue with the monitors.C.People who obtain bank loans.D.People who are against the regulations.（3）What makes the citizens upset m

9、ost about the rules? A.Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.B.Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.C.Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.D.Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.（4）What can be the best title for the text? A.A Restart of Waste-sortin

10、gB.A New Age of Garbage ClassificationC.Learning to Classify RubbishD.Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Citizens must divide their waste into fou

11、r separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of ones rubbish.”市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。

12、故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).”他们将面临最高200元(29美元)的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的

13、时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when

14、monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of ones rubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根

15、据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Book: No Looking Back Author: Shivani Gupta Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash. It took Shivani years of pain, struggle and determination to regain control of her life and her body. Then tragedy

16、struck again. As the newly-married Shivani drove to Manali with her family, a truck crashed into her car. Shivani refused to give in-she wouldnt let her injury keep her from achieving her ambitions. Book: Courage Beyond Compare Author: Sanjay Sharma The 10 sportspersons in the book are champions in

17、diverse fields like athletics, swimming, and badminton, who have brought glory to the country. They overcame their physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields. Book: Face to Face Author: Ved Mehta Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was a

18、ccepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind, to which he flew alone at 15. America and the school changed his life, leading him to degrees at Oxford and Harvard and a fruitful writing career. Book: This Star Wons Go Out Author: Lori and Wayne Earl Diagnosed with cancer at 12, Esther Earl was a brig

19、ht and talented, but very normal teenager. She lived a hope-filled and generous life. A cheerful, positive and encouraging daughter, sister and friend, Esther died in 2010, shortly after turning 16, but not before inspiring thousands through her growing online presence.（1）The book No Looking Back ma

20、inly talks about_. A.an unlucky girl who experienced two car accidentsB.10 disabled athletes who are champions in sports fieldC.a successful author who was blind during his childhoodD.an inspiring teenager who died of cancer（2）When reading the book written by Sanjay Sharma, we will_. A.find the auth

21、or is a sports loverB.get inspired by the sportspersons spiritsC.be proud to be a sportspersonD.find sportspersons are full of power（3）In which book does the author tell of himself? A.Face to FaceB.This Star Wont Go OutC.Courage Beyond CompareD.No Looking Back【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本

22、书及其作者和书的简介。 （1）考查段落大意。根据Book: No Looking Back部分中的“Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash.”和第三句“Then tragedy struck again. As the newly-married Shivani drove to Manali with her family, a truck crashed into her car.”一天晚上Shivani举行一个聚会，等她醒来时发

23、现自己由于车祸住进了医院。然后悲剧再次发生，当新婚的Shivani开车带家人去Manali时，一辆卡车和她的车相撞，可知，这本书主要讲述了经历两次车祸的不幸女孩Shivani的故事。故选A。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Book: Courage Beyond Compare部分中的“They overcame their physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields.”这些运动员克服身体局限达到他们自己所选择领域的顶峰，可知，我们会从这些运动员不屈不挠的精神中获得鼓舞。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Book: Fac

24、e to Face部分中的“Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was accepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind,”作者自从四岁时失明，在印度他度过了孤独的童年，最终考取了Arkansas盲人学校，可知，在书中作者讲述自己的故事。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答

25、案。3阅读理解 Need a fall fix? Try one from these great places. Mackinac Island, Michigan The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry, and once visitors arrive, they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors. Its a throwback to years past, a little town, and theres a

26、big state park as well, Blackwell says. Youre allowed to have boats all around the island. Tellico Lake, Tennessee With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state. Fall visitors find a range of col

27、ors reflecting in the clean waters, says Blackwell, who vacationed in the area with his family as a child. The thick forest there just allows you to see more greenery and wildlife. Dillon Reservoir, Colorado With an hour from Denver, this lake is home to what claims to be the nations highest sailing

28、 club, at an altitude of more than 9,000 feet. Marinas in the towns of Dillon and Frisco make it easy to get out on the water and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves. People are surprised that theres boating in Colorado, and you can see the mountains just before the snowball, Blackwel

29、l says. Lake Monroe, Indiana The states largest lake is surrounded by more than 13,000 acres of protected forest and three recreation areas, making it an ideal place to see fall colors, particularly from oaks and the tulip poplar, the state tree. Its a gem (宝石) in southern Indiana, says Blackwell, w

30、ho grew up in the area. There are lots of different activities: canoeing, kayaking and fishing.（1）What is special about Mackinac Island? A.Its like a modern city.B.Visitors cant take a boat around it.C.Visitors can see various wildlife there.D.Visitors cant go there by cars.（2）Which is suitable for

31、someone looking for an undeveloped place for vacation? A.Mackinac Island, Michigan.B.Tellico Lake, Tennessee.C.Dillon Reservoir, Colorado.D.Lake Monroe, Indiana.（3）What do the four places have in common? A.Blackwell once travelled there.B.They are all famous tourist destinations.C.They are surrounded by thick forests.D.Visitors can enjoy fall colors there.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合秋