GRE试题一.docx

1、GRE试题一GRE试题（一）SECTION 1Time - 30 minutes38 QuestionsDirections: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating thatsomething has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered words or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of

2、 the sentence as a whole. 1. Nonviolent demonstrations often create such ten- sions that a community that has constantly refused to - its injustices is forced to correct them: the injustices can no longer be -. (A) acknowledge.ignored (B) decrease.verified (C) tolerate.accepted (D) address.eliminate

3、d (E) explain.discussed 2. Since 1813 reaction to Jane Austens novels has oscillated between - and condescension; but in general later writers have esteemed her works more highly than did most of her literary -. (A) dismissal.admirers (B) adoration. .contemporaries (C) disapprpval.readers (D) indiff

4、erence.followers (E) approbation.precursors 3. There are, as yet, no vegetation types or ecosystems whose study has been - to the extent that they no longer - ecologists. (A) perfected.hinder (B) exhausted.interest (C) prolonged.require (D) prevented.challenge (E) delayed.benefit 4. Under ethical gu

5、idelines recently adopted by the National lnstitutes of Health, human genes are to be manipulated only to correct diseases for which - treatments are unsatisfactory. (A)similar (B)most (C)dangerous (D) uncommon (E) alternative 5. It was her view that the countrys problems had been - by foreign techn

6、ocrats, so that to invite them to come back would be counterproductive. (A)foreseen (B)attacked (C)ascertained (D) exacerbated (E) analyzed 6. Winsor McCay, the cartoonist, could draw with incredible -: his comic strip about Little Nemo was characterized by marvelous draftsmanship and sequencing. (A

7、)sincerity (B)efficiency (C)virtuosity (D) rapidity (E) energy7. The actual - of Wilsons position was always - by his refusal to compromise after having initially agreed to negotiate a settlement. (A) outcome.foreshadowed (B) logic.enhanced (C) rigidity.betrayed (D) uncertainty.alleviated (E) coward

8、ice.highlighted Directions: In each of the foiiowing questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.8. SEDATTVE : DROWSlNESS : (A) epidemi

9、c : contagiousness (B) vaccine : virus (C) laxative : drug (D) anestheiic : numbness (E) therapy : psychosis9.LAWYER:COURTROOM: (A) participant : team (B) commuter : train (C) gladiator : arena (D) senator : caucus (E) patient : ward10. CURIOSITY : KNOW : (A) temptation : conquer (B) starvation : ea

10、t (C) wanderlust : travel (D) humor : laugh (E) survival : live11. FRUGAL : MISERLY : (A) confident : arrogant (B) courageouss : pugnacious (C) famous : aggressive (D) rash : foolhardy (E) quiet : timid12. ANTIDOTE : POISON : (A) cure : recovery (B) narcotic : sleep (C) stimulant : relapse (D) tonic

11、 : lethargy (E) resuscitation : breathing13. STYGIAN.: DARK : (A) abysmal : low (B) cogent : contentious (C) fortuitous.: accidental (D) reckless : threatening (E) cataclysmic : doomed14. WORSHIP : SACRIFICE : (A) generation : pyre (B) burial : mortuary (C) weapon : centurion (D) massacre : invasion

12、 (E) prediction : augury15. EVANESCENT : l)ISAPPEAR : (A) tlansparent : penetrate (B) onerous : struggle (C) feckless : succeed (D) illusory : exist (E) pliant : yield16. UPBRAlD : REPROACH : (A) dote : like (B) lal: : stray (C) vex : please (D) earn : desire (E) recast : explainDirections: Each pas

13、sage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage. lt has been known for many decades that the appear-ance of sunspots

14、is roughly periodic, with an averagecycle of eleven years. Moreover, the incidence of solarflares and the flux of solar cosmic rays, ultraviolet radia-tion, and x-radiation all vary directly with the sunspot (5)cycle. But after more than a century of investigation. therelation of these and other phe

15、nomena, known collec-tively as the solar-activity cycle, to terrescrial weather and climate remains unclear. For example. the sunspotcycle and the allied rnagnetic-polarity cycle have been (10)linked to periodicities discerned in records of such vari-ables as rainhll. temperature, and winds. lnvaria

16、bly,however, the relation is weak. and commonly ofdubiousstatistical significance.Effects of solar variability over longer terms have also (15)been sought. The absence of recorded sunspot activity inthe notes kept by European observers in the late seven-teenth and early eighteenth centuries has led

17、some schol-ars to postulate a brief cessation of sunspot activity atthat time (a period called the Maunder minimum). The (20)Maunder minimum has been linked to a span of unusualcold in Europe extending from the sixteenth to the earlynineteenth centuries. The reality of the Maunder mini-mum has yet t

18、o be established, however, especially sincethe records that Chinese naked-eye observers of solar (25)activity made at that time appear to contradict it. Scien- tists have also sought evidence of long-term solar period-icities by examining indirect climatological data, such asfossil recoras of the th

19、ickness of ancient tree rings. Thesestudies, however, failed to link unequivocally terrestrial(30)climate and the solar-activity cycle, or even to contirmthe cycles past existenue. If consistPn! and re!iab!e geo!sgigal-arek-xologieal evidence tracing the solar-activity cycle in the distantpast could

20、 be found, it might also resolve an important(35)issue in solar physics: how to model solar activity. Cur-rently, chere are two models of solar activity. The tirstsupposes that the Suns internal motions (caused byrotation and convection) interact with its large-scalemagnetic field to produce a dynam

21、o. a device in which(40)mechanical energy is converted into the energy of a mag-netic field. ln short. the Suns large-scale magnetic fieldis taken to be self-sustaining, so that the solar-activitycycle it drives would be maintained with little overallchangc for perhaps billions of years. The alterna

22、tive(45)exp)anarion supposes that the Suns large-sca)e magneticfield is a remnant of the field the Sun acquired when itformed, and is not sustained against decay. In thismodel. the solar mechanism dependent on the SunsmagnetiC field runs down more quickly. Thus, the char-(50)acteristics of the solar

23、-activity cycle uvuld be expected tochange over a long period of time. Modern solar obser-vations span too short a time to reveal whether presentcyclical solar aCtivity is a long-lived feature of the Sun,or merely a transient phenomenon.17. The author focuses primarily on (A) presenting two competin

24、g scientific theories concerning solar activity and evaluating geological evidence often cited to support them (B) giving a brief overview of some recent scientifrc developments in solar physics and assessing their impact on future climatological research (C) discussing the difficulties involved in

25、linkinl: ter- restrial phenomena with solar activity and indicating how resolving that issue could have an impact on our understanding of solar physics (D) pointing out the futility of a certain line of sci- entific inquiry into the terrestrial effects of solar activity and recommendine ita aban- do

26、nment in favor of purely physics-oriented research (E) outlinine the specific reasons why a problem in solar physics has not yet been solved and faulting the overly theoretical approach of modern physicists. 18. Which of th.e following statements about the two models of solar activity. as they are d

27、escribed in lines 37-55, is accurate? (A) In both modgls cyclical solar activity is regarded as a long-lived feature of the Sun, persisting with little change over billions of years. (B) Tn both models the solar-activity cycle is hypothesized as being dependent on the large-scale solar magnetic fiel

28、d. (C) Tn one model the Suns magnetic fieid is thought to play a role in causing solar activ- ity, whereas in the other model it is not. (D) In one model solar activity is presumed to be unrelated to terrestrial phenomena. whereas in the other model solar activity is thought to have observable effec

29、ts on the Earth. (E) In one model cycles of solar activity with peri- odicities longer than a few decades are con- sidered to be impossible, whereas in the other model such cycles are predicted.19. According to the passage, late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Chinese records are impor- ta

30、nt for which of the following reasons? (A) They suggest that the data on which the Maunder minimum was predicated were incorrect. (B) They syggest that the Maunder minimum can- not be related to climate. (C) Thcy suggest that the Maunder minimum might be -alid only for Europe. (D) They establish the

31、 existence of a span of unusu- ally cold weather worldwide at the time of the Maunder minimum. (E) They establish that solar activity at the tirne of the Maunder minimum did not significantly vary from its present pattern.20. The author implies which of the followine about currently available geological and archaeoloeical evidence concerning the solar-activity cycle? (A) It best supports the model of solar activity described in lines 37