高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版必修1.docx

1、高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版必修1核心词汇梳理并重点训练必修 1 Unit 1 Friendshipupset, ignore, concern, settle, suffer, recover, add up, go through, set down, get along with, join in1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打乱（计划等）sth upset sb 某事使某人心烦意乱sb upset sth 某人打 / 弄翻某物upset a plan 打乱计划be upset about / over / at sth

2、为某事烦心upset ones stomach 使（肠胃）不适eg: His strange behaviour upset his father. Dont upset yourself about the exam. Its upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it. It upsets me to think of her all alone in that big house.注：upset为表语形容词，非定语形容词；其过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；现在分词形式为upsetting。2. ignore vt.

3、不理睬；不顾；忽视ignore sb / sth 不理睬某人 / 某事ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道be in ignorance of / about sth 不知道某事ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的be ignorant that 不知道某事be ignorant of / about sth 不知道某事eg: He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. We cant afford to ignore their advice. Hes completely ignoran

4、t about modern technology.3. concern n.U关心，担忧 C关心的人或事 vt. 涉及；参与；使担心，使操心It is no concern of mine / yours.concerned adj. 关心的，关切的，担忧的；焦虑的（位于名词之前）；相关的（位于名词之后）as / so far asbe concerned 就而言；依之见be concerned about / for sth 担心；关心be concerned in / with 与有关be concerned over / at sth 为某事忧虑concern oneself abou

5、t / for 担忧；关心concerning prep. 关于；有关eg: There is growing concern about violence on television. The President is deeply concerned about this issue. He asked several questions concerning the future of the company. This chapter concerns itself with the historical background.注：concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；

6、用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning用作介词时意为“关于；对于”。4. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决settle down 舒适地坐下（或躺下）；定居；安静 / 平静下来settle in / into 习惯于；适应settle on 选定，决定settle up 付清账单 settled adj. 稳定的；舒适自在的settlement n. 协议，定居点eg: The company has agreed to settle out of court. Its all settled were leaving on the n

7、ine oclock plane. I settled her on the sofa and put a blanket over her.5. suffer vt. 遭受，蒙受；后跟pain / defeat / loss / poverty / hunger / punishment / hardship以及表示疾病的词。 vi. 后常跟介词from，表示“受折磨；受之苦，患某种疾病”。sufferer n. 患病者，受苦者，受难者suffering n. （肉体或精神上遭受的）痛苦，疼痛eg: Many companies are suffering from a shortage o

8、f skilled staff. He suffered a massive heart attack. The Republican Party has just suffered a huge defeat in the polls recently.6. recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得recover form 康复，恢复recover oneself 恢复常态recovery n. 恢复，改善eg: Liu Xiang is still recovering from his operation. It took her a few minutes to recov

9、er consciousness. She has made a full recovery from her illness.7. add up 合计addin 把加进去；包括addon (to) 附加，加上addto 在中加上add to 增加；加强（多用于抽象意义）add up to 总计；总共（不用于被动语态）in addition 另外in addition to 除之外eg: The numbers add up to exactly 100. Remember to add in the cost of drinks. A service charge of 15% was ad

10、ded on to the bill.8. go through 经历，经受；仔细检查；完成；用完go after 追赶go against 违反，与不符go ahead 先走；开始做；着手干go by 逝去，过去go off 离开；爆炸go on 继续；上场；流逝go over 检查pass through 走过；路过live through 经历look through 浏览；往里面看pull through （大病、手术后）康复eg: I always start the day by going through my e-mail. Hes amazingly cheerful con

11、sidering all hes gone through. Things will get easier as time goes by.9. set down 放下；记下；登记set about (doing sth) 着手（做某事）set out (to do sth) 开始，着手（做某事）set aside 留出；不顾set back （把钟等）往回拨；推迟set free 释放；解放set off 动身，出发；使爆炸set out 动身，出发；着手；安排，组织set up 开办；建立；设立set an example 树立榜样set fire to = on fire 纵火烧eg:

12、Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops. The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks. We need to set about finding a solution.注：set about和set out都可作“开始着手做某事”讲，但set about后加doing sth，而set out后加to do sth。10. get along with 与相处；进展get along with sb 同某人相处 g

13、et along with sth 某事进展 / 进行get about / around （消息）传开getacross 讲清楚；（使）被领会get away from 离开；脱身getback 收回，找回getdown 记下来；使悲伤 get down to 认真做，开始着手做 get in 到达；收割 get on 上车 / 船 / 飞机；继续进行；相处 get over 克服；摆脱 get rid of 消灭，摆脱，除掉 get through （电话）接通；用完；通过 get together 聚会，联欢eg: Shes never really got on well with h

14、er sister. Im not getting on very fast with this job. Its time I got down to thinking about that essay. Your meaning didnt really get across.11. join in 参加；加入 join up 入伍，参军 join up with (sb) （与某人）联合，会合 join hands (with sb)（与某人）拉起手；合伙，联合 辨析join / join in / take part in / attend / participate：join表示“加

15、入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如join the Party / Youth League / army / club /organization。join in表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如join in a game / discussion / conversation / walk。亦可说：join sb in (doing) sth。take part in表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take (an active) part in a party / school activities / physical lab

16、our。attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attend a meeting / a sports meeting / a concert / a show / school / a lecture。participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。eg: She listens but she never joins in. Our teacher often joins us in singing and dancing. How many countries took part in the 29th Olympic Game

17、s in Beijing? Our children attend the same school.练习：1. The protesters the meeting by shouting and throwing stones at the windows. A. attended B. held C. upset D. mixed2. 有些司机就是对速度限制视而不见。Some drivers simply .3. 无视别的国家的强烈反对，伊朗政府仍将继续它的核项目。 ，Iran government will go on with its nuclear program.4. What t

18、he public is about is whether medical workers and scientists will be able to find a cure for this new disease in a short time. A. concerning B. concern C. concerned D. to concern5. How are the kids their new school？ A. settling B. settling up C. settling into D. settling down6. As a result of the se

19、vere earthquake in Wenchuan，the whole city great losses. A. have suffered from B. suffered C. have suffered D. suffered from7. 经济呈现出复苏的迹象。 The economy is showing .8. 警方尚未找回被盗的珠宝。 Police have so far failed to .9. -Has Mary come back yet？ -Yes. She has got many books from her elder schoolmates，which 1

20、，000. A. add up B. add up to C. add to D. add10. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather the helplessness of the crew at sea. A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up 11. Maybe there are some things among the girls papers, like her school reports, old photos and so o

21、n. Can you them and give me whatever you find? A. go through B. go after C. go into D. go with12. That evening he what he had thought about the research. A. set about; set down B. set about; to set down C. set out; setting down D. set out; to set down13. I dont think your speech to the crowd, for th

22、ey appeared quite puzzled. A. got back B. got awayC. got through D. got across14. When Tom was very young, he was terribly frightened of dogs, but he soon them.A. got across B. got offC. got away D. got over15. My sister the League last month and she has decided to the activity to help the aged next

23、 week. A. joined; join in B. joined in; join C. joined; join D. joined in; join inUnit 2 English around the worldnative, base, command, request, recognize, block, because of, come up, such as, play a role / part in,1. native adj. 本国的；本地的；天赋的 n. 本地人；本国人be native to 原产于某地的，土生土长的be a native of 土生土长的本地人

24、go native 入乡随俗，同化native art / dance / peoples土著艺术 / 舞蹈 / 民族native wit / intelligence 与生俱来的机智 / 才智eg: The tiger is native to India. He is a native of Beijing. You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the natives.2. base vt. 以为根据 n. 基部；基地；基础base sth on / upon sth 以为基础（或根据）base sb /

25、sth / oneself in 以为据点（或总部等），把（总部等）设在the base of a column / glass / pyramid 柱基 / 玻璃杯底 / 金字塔底座a military / naval base 军事 / 海军基地based adj. （以某事）为基础 / 根据的baseless adj. 无根据的；无缘无故的basement n. 地下室eg: What are you basing this theory on? They decided to base the new company in New York. The town is an ideal

26、base for touring the area.3. command n. C 命令，指令 U掌握 vt. 命令，指挥，支配；博得；赢得at sbs command 听某人指挥under ones command 由指挥under the command of sb 在指挥之下have (a) command of 掌握；精通（尤指语言）take command of 控制(be) in command of 掌握，控制command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事command that (should) do 命令eg: The police arrived and took

27、 command of the situation.Applicants will be expected to have (a) command of English. The commission intervened and commanded that work on the building cease.注：command后面的宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式是should + 动词原形或省略should。4. request n.&vt. 请求；要求make (a) request for 请求；要求at sbs request = at the request

28、 of sb应某人之要求by request (of) 照需要；依照请求；应邀on request 一经要求request sb to do sth 请求某人做某事request that sb (should) do sth 请求request sth from / of sb 向某人请求某物It is requested that 据要求eg: He was there at the request of his manager. She requested that no one (should) be told of her decision.You are requested not

29、 to smoke in the restaurant.常用虚拟语气的动词口诀：一坚持insist；二命令order，command；三建议advise，suggest，propose；四要求ask，demand，request，require。5. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认recognize sb / sth by / from 根据认出某人 / 某事（物）be recognized to be / as 被认作/被认为是It is recognized that 人们公认recognition n. 认识；认出out of / beyond recognition 认不出来

30、eg: Drugs were not recognized to be / as a serious problem then. It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary. The book is now recognized as a classic.6. block n. 大块；大楼；街区；一批，一组 v. 阻塞，挡住a block of ice / concrete / stone 一大块冰 / 混凝土 / 石头a tower block 高层建筑an office block 办公大楼a block of

31、shares 一大宗股份block off 封锁，堵住block out 挡住，遮住block up 塞住，封住blockfrom 阻止做eg: His apartment is three blocks away from the police station. The main roads of the city have been blocked off. The fallen trees blocked us from going into the flooded area.注：表示“阻止做”的动词有：block; (from) / prevent; (from) / stop; (from)/ ban; (from)/ keepfrom7.