微软的英文资料.docx

1、微软的英文资料官网： 一共四篇文章，涉及微软的介绍、市场战略、企业文化和人才机制。第一篇是关于微软的介绍。Microsoft Corporation (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKEX: 4338) is an American-based multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices.98 Headquartered in Red

2、mond, Washington, USA, its best selling products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software.Originally founded to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with

3、 MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Windows line of operating systems. Its products have all achieved near-ubiquity in the desktop computer market. One commentator notes that Microsofts original mission was a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software.10 Microsoft pos

4、sesses footholds in other markets, with assets such as the MSNBC cable television network, the MSN Internet portal, and the Microsoft Encarta multimedia encyclopedia. The company also markets both computer hardware products such as the Microsoft mouse as well as home entertainment products such as t

5、he Xbox, Xbox 360, Zune and MSN TV.9 The companys initial public stock offering (IPO) was in 1986; the ensuing rise of the companys stock price has made four billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees.111213Throughout its history the company has been the target of cri

6、ticism, including monopolistic business practices and anti-competitive business practices including refusal to deal and tying. The U.S. Justice Department and the European Commission, among others, have ruled against Microsoft for various antitrust violations.1415Known for what is generally describe

7、d as a developer-centric business culture, Microsoft has historically given customer support over Usenet newsgroups and the World Wide Web, and awards Microsoft MVP status to volunteers who are deemed helpful in assisting the companys customers. 第二篇是关于微软的市场战略，分为五个部分。Rivalry among competitors It indu

8、stry has a large number of competitors, such as yahoo, google, linux and others software suppliers. The structure of their products with Microsoft similar to or even better than Microsoft, because they are more special and deeper. The company is more extensive. So Microsofts competitive edge in the

9、industry, it correspondingly lower. Microsoft should take the Union, the acquisition and merging strategy (alliance Lenovo, Apple, Yahoo acquisitions) to increase the intensity of competition Threat of potential entry It is still much potential for development of the industry, at any time with the d

10、evelopment of new technologies, new competitors to enter and develop its market. Thus for the other competitors to enter the barriers. For instance, Microsoft has begun to focus on is that from a software, but the development of the network market too fast, google the first to tap the potential mark

11、et for the network, he relied on their own technology, enjoying the scale-based low cost advantage low-cost advantage, and created economies of scale of economies of scale, with a large number of customers and markets. When Microsoft is aware of the important development of the network when it is to

12、o late. Google created barriers to entry for him. Bargaining power of suppliers Microsoft has it by virtue of its large business customers in the market, he strongly Bargaining power of suppliers. Microsoft in the pc market, accounts for the dominant position of the system, tends to a monopoly. Most

13、 computer manufacturers are using Microsofts system, because many users of Microsofts system. Only a few alternatives to Microsofts operating system, like linux, and Mac os. While Apple has only mac os system, others majority pc manufacturer, or prefer to use Microsofts system. And that Apples main

14、market area is limited to the United States. So Microsoft has a strong Bargaining power of suppliers Bargaining power of buyers Microsoft, by virtue of his self-developed technology, has a strong Bargaining power of buyer. His strategy is to ie, media player bundled with the system, etc., and the mo

15、st compatible with Microsofts most powerful office in other many other software vendors can not provide. And Microsoft is still continuing to develop, making Microsofts other software providers do not need the help and supplies. Even if other software companies need to purchase a product or technolo

16、gy, but also not spend a high price, because it trades too much, and the products tend to standardized standard, undifferentiated undifferentiated, so Microsoft has a strong Bargaining power of suppliers Threat of substitutes A large number of software vendors is likely to replace Microsoft software

17、, such as opera instead of IE, wps instead of office, instead of Storm video media player. Most of these third-party software is free, and more powerful (such as Storm video player). They attracted a large number of customers. A lot of fees and charges in relation to Microsofts office software, and

18、so on, Microsoft will lose its competitive edge, in turn was replaced by third-party software. For instance, linux system, open source, and now increasingly being user concerns and preferences, dell has begun and many of his pc pre-installed linux system has. Therefore, Microsoft needs to reduce cos

19、ts, or to continue its efforts to develop his software. 第三篇是关于微软卓越的企业文化 Bill Gates unique individuality and the excellent skill has accomplished Microsoft Corporations cultural personal status. This astute, energetic and fantasized richly the company founder, seeks vigorously and assigns similarly b

20、oth understands manager who with the technology and is good at managing the personnel. He always stressed that organizes take the product as the center to manage the company, the surmounting management function, implements the organization innovation boldly, vigorously unearths in the company interi

21、or and the applicant with the equally rich innovation and the team spirit talented person and entrusts with an important task. Bill Gates by its staff was described that is one misses homeland imaginary, is one saves the strength unceasingly and pursues the successful person crazily. His this kind o

22、f individual conduct, is affecting the company deeply. His abundant technical knowledge storage quantity and the highly keen strategic judgment as well as a large quantities of astute software development which and the management talented person collects around him, causes itself and the company sta

23、nds erect in this rapidly expand profession most front. Gates is good at seeing clearly the opportunity, closely seizes these opportunities, and can cause oneself individual energetic style to implement in the company, thus causes entire activities and so on companys management and operation and pro

24、duct development has the Gates color. Second, management creative talented person and technical team culture A knowledge enterprise key character has one has the creative talented person in large numbers. The Microsoft culture can not like these the massive rules, the organization, the plan, opposed

25、 intensely bureaucratism the programmer unites in together, follows “sets up the function overlapping technical panel” the strategy criterion; Is authorized specialized department to define their work, advertises for and trains the new broom, causes the class of operation nimble mobile, lets the peo

26、ple maintains the independent ideological nature; Technical panels members may study in the work, from experienced person there study, does not have the too many bureaucratism rule and the intervention, does not have the obsolete official training project, does not have “the professionalism” the adm

27、inistrative personnels, have not played “the statesmanship”, to practice the bureaucratism the atmosphere. Manager the personnel are capable and amiable, thus causes the majority employees to think that Microsoft is this profession best operational site. This kind of team culture has provided the wo

28、rk which and the massive studies and the policy-making opportunity for the staff interesting changes unceasingly. Third, constant innovative spirit Era of knowledge economys core work content is innovates, the innovative spirit should be the knowledge enterprise culture essence. The Microsoft people

29、 always or enter a latent large-scale market as the earlier worker - creation, then improves one kind to become the market standard unceasingly the good product. Microsoft Corporation carries on the evolution unceasingly the product innovation, often and has the important breakthrough, has formed on

30、e kind of unceasing metabolism mechanism in the company interior, enables the competitor very little to have the opportunity to be able to pose the threat to Microsoft.It improves the new product unceasingly, eliminates the old product regularly the mechanism, causes the company product to become or

31、 to become the profession standard unceasingly throughout. The innovation is passes through Microsoft to manage entire process the core spirit. Fourth, foundation study organization The Microsoft people have formulated their strategy for this reason, through the self-criticism, the information feedb

32、ack and the exchange makes every effort to progress. Microsoft after full weight product development process various essential factors, in carries on a more effective management vigorously and avoids between the excessive bureaucrat seeking one kind newly balanced; Take thoroughly the analysis and the customer relation, regards the customer the support as own progressive basis; Systematically studied from the past and the current research project and the product, carried on the self-criticism, the self-denial unceasingly; Through the email establishment widespread re