外研版英语八下Module 3单词知识梳理.docx

1、外研版英语八下Module 3单词知识梳理外研版英语八下Module 3单词、知识梳理01 Moudle 3 单词【重点单词】earth : n. 地球moon mun n. 月亮;月球news nju:z n. 新闻;消息planet plnt n. 行星reach ri:t v. 到达;抵达yet jet adv. 还，尚(表示某事尚未发生，但未来也许可能发生)just dst adv. 刚才;刚刚model mdl n. 模型spaceship spesp n. 航天器;宇宙飞船project prdekt n. 计划;工程;项目no problem prblm 没问题(用于表示乐于做某

2、人要求做的事)latest letst adj. 最近的;最新的on n prep. 在(播放)中;关于discover dskv(r) v. 发现;找到astronaut strn:t n. 宇航员space travel spes trvl 航天旅行none nn prop. 没有一人;没有一个environment nvarnmnt n. 环境that t pron. 那;那个(前面已提及的事物)solar sl(r) adj. 太阳的;与太阳有关的system sstm n. 系统;体系solar system 星系;(尢指)太阳系group ru:p n. 群;组galaxy lks

3、 n. 星系universe ju:nv:s n. 宇宙light lat n. 光线;光亮impossible mpsbl adj. (事情)办不到的，不可能的out at adv. 在远方communicate kmju:nket v. 联系;交流Moudle 3知识梳理【重点短语】1. What are you up to? 你在干什么？2. the latest news 最新消息3. get information 获得信息4. search for 寻找，搜索5. in order to 为了6. much+比较级 .得多7. on earth 在世界上，在人间，究竟，到底8. c

4、ommunicate with sb 与某人交流9. hundreds of 数以百计的10. go around 绕着.走11. billions of 数十亿的12. take photos 拍照13. send.to. 把.送到.14. no problem 没问题15. be far away（from) 离.远16. go online 上网17. search for 搜索18. more than 超过；多余19. look for 寻找20. look like 看起来像21. finish doing sth 做完某事22.no problem 没问题23.space tra

5、vel 航天旅行24.none of them 没有一个25.have an environment of有.的环境26.solar system 星系;尤指太阳系27.Its (im)possible to do sth 去做这件事是(不)可能的municate with sb 和某人联系29.be up to do sth 忙于做某事30.make a spaceship 制作一个航天器模型【单词考点】Earth n. 地球 【经典例句】 The Earth goes round the sun once a year. 地球一年绕太阳一周。The Sun is bigger than t

6、he Earth.太阳比地球大。【考点聚焦】1)地球、太阳、月亮这些世界上独一无二的事物前要加定冠词the。 2)常见搭配:on (the) earth 在地球上;on earth 究竟,到底。如: Who on earth broke the window?究竟是谁打破了窗户?station n. 站 【经典例句】 Could you tell me the way to the bus station? 请告诉我去汽车站的路好吗? 【考点聚焦】 常见搭配:railway station 火车站;subway station 地铁站;space station 太空站;TV station

7、电视台;radio station 电台;police station 警察局several adj. 几个的,数个的,各自的【经典例句】She has several friends in the town. 她在城里有几个朋友。 They went their several ways.他们各走各的路。Several days later she came again.几天后她又来了。【考点聚焦】 同义词组:a few 几个、一些,与several 一样后跟可数名词的复数。 discover v. 发现 【经典例句】Columbus discovered America in 1492.

8、哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。Make a great discover有伟大发现Ive discovered a super restaurant.我发现了一家一流的餐馆。【考点聚焦】1)派生词:discovery n.发现 2)同义词辨析:discover/find/find out/look for都有“找”的意思,discover 侧重指新发现特别是科学上的发现客观存在的东西;find指找到某人或某物,如:find a book; find out指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相,如:find out the answer; look for 侧重寻找的过程。 recently adv

9、. 最近 【经典例句】 Have you seen him recently? 最近见过他吗? He has borrowed a Harry Potter recently.他最近借了本哈利波特。【考点聚焦】1)派生词:recent adj.近来的,如:recent news最近的消息 2)recently常用在现在完成时中,如: Bill has recently bought a new car. planet n. 行星 【经典例句】There are nine planets in the solar system. 太阳系有九大行星。 【考点聚焦】掌握太阳系有九大行星这一基本知识,

10、并进一步了解九大行星是指Mercury(水星)，Venus(金星)，Earth，Mars(火星)，Jupiter(木星)，Uranus(天王星)，Neptune(海王星)，Pluto(冥王星) alone adj. 孤单的,孤独的 【经典例句】 I am not alone in this opinion. 不只是我一个人有这种想法。If you dont want to go alone, I will go with you.如果你不想一个人去，我和你一起去。【考点聚焦】 同义词辨析:lonely 孤独的,寂寞的 1)alone强调“单独的”这一含义,不带有感情色彩,如: He was a

11、lone in the house. lonely包含的感情色彩比较强烈,如: When his wife left him, he was very lonely.2)alone 是表语形容词(放在be动词之后),而lonely既能作表语,又可作定语。There is a lonely house in the country.只有一座孤零零的房子在乡下。3)alone 还可作副词,而lonely仅作形容词,如: She lived alone.她独居。 cost v.花费 【经典例句】The book cost me five dollars. 这本书花了我5美元。 【考点聚焦】1)cos

12、t指花钱,主语必须是物。 2)同义词辨析:spend常用于sb.spend some money/some time on sth./doing sth.,某人花钱或花时间做某事,如: I spent ten yuan on the pen. pay常用于sb.pay some money for sth.如: He paid three pounds for a T-shirt.prefer v.更喜欢 【经典例句】Which of these two dresses do you prefer? 这两套衣服你更喜欢哪一套? Which do you prefer, tea or coffe

13、e?【考点聚焦】1)同义词组:like better 2)常见搭配:prefer to do sth./prefer doing sth.(更喜欢做);prefer A to B(喜欢A而不喜欢B);prefer doing to doing(喜欢做而不喜欢做);prefer to do rather than do(宁愿做而不愿做) secret n. 秘密adj. 秘密的 【经典例句】What is the secret of his success? 他成功的秘诀是什么? 【考点聚焦】1)作形容词: Its a secret plan. Dont tell anyone about it

14、. 这是一个秘密计划,不要对任何人讲。 2)注意常用搭配：keep a secret 保守秘密;let out a secret 泄漏秘密。 【重点知识】1.no problem 没问题 2.the lastest news 最新的消息3.in order to 为了 4.search for 寻找，搜索5.hunderds of 成百的 6. a small part of 一小部分7.none ,既可指人，又可指物,用于三者或三者以上，常用于回答以how many /how much ,none of 没有一个，no one 只指人.不与of 连用.用于回答who 开头的问句.8.take

15、 a photo of =take photos of =take pictures of =take a pictures9.so,与such的用法:1)当修饰可数名词单数时,用”such+a/an+形容词+名词.”或”so +形容词+a/an+名词.”2)当这些可数名词或不可数名词前有many ,much ,few ,little(表示少)修饰时,则用so .如:so many people ,so much money10.in space 在太空中, in the sky 在天空中.e back 回来12.look for 寻找13.as .as 像.一样14.decide to do

16、 sth .决定做某事15.be named after以. 名字命名16.take after与相像.17.be up to 正在做某事,忙于做某事 What are you up to ?=What are you doing ?18.be up to sb. 由.决定,由负责19.yet 副词,还,尚,用于否定和疑问句句末;already ,已经,常用于肯定句中或句末.20.Thats why,这就是.的原因 ,后接结果.Thats because ,后接原因21.on the news 在新闻上 22.on a newspaper 表示(某物)在报纸上23.in a newspaper

17、在报纸里(的内容).24.discover指发现原来已有但不为人知的事物;invent ,发明,即创造出前所未有的东西find out 查出真相,原理等 ,也可用于查看地时刻表等 ;find ,找到,发现,指寻找的结果look for 寻找 ,侧重指寻找的动作和过程.25.the noon 月亮,the +世界上独一无二的事物名词. 26,in order to 为了,表示目的,27.message ,口头传递的或书写的消息,可数名词, news ,通过新闻媒体发布的消息,不可数, information,指在阅读,谈话中特别关注的消息,情报,资料等,不可数.28.hundred,thousa

18、nd,million,billion只有和of 一起时,才加s,跟了数字,不加s.30.none代词,没有一个,没有一人,一点儿也没有.通常 用于三者或三者以上,既可指人也可指物,可与of 连用,可回答how many ; no one 只能指人,不能与of 连用.,可回答who .31.三到达:get to =arrive in (大地方)/at (小地方)=reach 跟地点副词时不用介词,不用reach32.take a photo of sb. 给某人照相,而且是给他本人照相;take a photo for 为某人照相,不一定有他本人. 33.enough 修饰名词放在前,修饰形容词

19、和副词放在后.34.alone作表语,独自一方,个体单独 lonely作表语或定语,心里孤单,寂寞.municate with sb. 和某人交流【语法现在完成时态】1.现在完成时 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)2.肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他3.否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他4.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他5.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句：2 用法1)标志词含义举例already/yet /ever已经/曾经He has already cleaned his room./Has he cleane

20、d his room yet?I have ever tried Japanese food.(我曾尝过日本餐。)never从未I have never been to Australia.(我从未去过澳大利亚。)just刚刚Linda has just reached Hong Kong.(琳达刚到香港。)before以前He has done such a job before.(他以前做过这种工作。)so far至今So far,our country has successfully sent two manned spacecrafts into space.(至今,我国已成功发送了

21、两艘载人宇宙飞船。)recently最近He has borrowed a Harry Potter recently.(他最近借了本哈利波特。)2)for+时段/ since+过去一个时间点/ since+从句(过去时)/ since+时段+ago3)动作发生的次数：He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。3 have been to, have gone to, have been in的区别4 非延续性动词在完成时态中的应用buy-have borrow -keep come/arrive/reach/get to

22、-be ingo out-be out leave -be awaybegin-be on open-be open close -be closeddie-be dead巧记不规则动词的过去式、过去分词 1)AAA型:readreadread,putputput 2)AAB型:beatbeatbeaten 3)ABA型:comecamecome,runranrun 4)ABB型:hearheardheard,makemademade sendsentsent,sellsoldsold findfoundfound,winwonwon 5)ABC型:dodiddone,gowentgone s

23、eesawseen,eatateeaten; flyflewflown,swimswamswum【单元作文】随着时代的进步、科技的发展，人们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。未来的生活将会是什么样子的呢?谁都无法预料。请发挥想象，谈一谈未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行请以“The life we cant imagine”为题写一篇短文。The life we cant imagineWhat do you think of the life in the future will be like?In the future there w

24、ill be more computers in our houses. Computers will help us to know a lot about the world. We will be able to talk by e-mail. Scientists will make many robots. Robots can help us do the cleaning, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping or see a doctor without going out of our houses.The life in the future will be very good. For this, we will study hard and turn our ideas into reality. I believe we will be able to do this.