高一英语课文知识点杭十四中2.docx

1、高一英语课文知识点杭十四中2课文知识点必修5UNIT 11.put forward 关于put的常用词组有：put away收起放好 *Put your books away when you finish them.put down放下；写下；镇压 *You should put down everything he said. *The rebellion was at last put down.put forward提出；拨快 *Are you serious in putting forward such a view.put forward a suggestion/plan/a

2、new theory *Put the clock forward by five minutes.put off 推迟 *They put off the picnic because of the rain. *We had to put off the meeting till next Monday. *Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.put on 穿上；上演put out 扑灭 *Put the fire out.put up 举起；张贴；搭起；(留)过夜 *We put up for the night at a

3、farmhouse. *Can you put us up for the night?put up with忍受2.draw a conclusionconcludeA.vt.得出结论*What do you conclude from the facts?*The judge concluded that the prisoner was innocent.B.vt. vi.结束*He concluded his speech.*The meeting concluded after 3 hours.conclusion n.结论draw/come to/reach a conclusio

4、n得出结论3.expert n.专家 adj.经过专门训练的 *He is an expert in engineering.=He is an engineering expert. *He is an expert engineer.4.attend Queen Victoria *attend a meeting/a conference/a lecture出席/参加attend a class/school上课/上学 *Two doctors attended the patient.(照料/看护)5.expose *Dont expose it to the sun.(暴露) *He

5、 exposed the crime in the newspaper.(揭露) *Dont expose the children to the infectious disease. (使受到危险) *They are exposed to the infectious disease. *the children (who are) exposed to the infectious disease(过去分词作定语)6.cure vt.治愈 n.治疗方法 *The medicine cured my fever. *The medicine cured me of my fever. *

6、There is no certain cure for cancer. cure 和treat的区别 cure 表示“治愈”，treat只表示“治疗”7.people dies every time there was an outbreak此处every time作连词连接句子关于every time等作连词的用法如下：A.every time/each time每次*She demands sweets every time she sees me B.(the) last time上次*(The)last time I went to see him, he happened to b

7、e out. C.next time下次*Next time you come in, please knock at the door first. D.the first /second time第一/二次*The second time I went to see him, he happened to be out. =When I went to see him for the second time, he happened to be out. E.this/it is the first time(that) sb. have done*This is the first ti

8、me I have been abroad. *This was the first time I had been abroad. F.for the first/second time作状语用，不能连句子*Last year I went abroad for the second time.I thought him kind and honest _ I met him.A.for the first time B.the first time C.every time D.the last time8.absorb *Ozone absorbs heat from the sun.

9、*The clever boy absorbed all that the teacher taught himbe absorbed in被吸引住；专注于 *He was absorbed in a book. *He is completely absorbed in his work.9.suspect v.怀疑，猜测 n.嫌疑犯*We suspected that it was a trick to get our money. *I suspect him to be a liar. =I suspect that he is a liar. *The office boy is t

10、he suspected thief. *The suspect is being questioned by the police10.blameblame用作及物动词时,通常用于下面三个句型:A. blame sb. for sth. /doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 *Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.*He blamed me for his failure.*We blamed him for being late.*He was bl

11、amed for being late.B.blame sth.on sb.把某事怪到到某人身上*He blamed his failure on me.*The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack. *Its no use blaming our defeat on him. C.be to blame (for)该(为)受责备。注意此处不能用被动语态。如:*The children were not to blame for the accident.*He is more to blame than you. *Who is to bla

12、me for starting the fire?*You are to blame for that.*He is the person who is to blame.*He is not the one to blame.*The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (NMET2002) A. who B. when C. how D. what*I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.(2

13、002上海)A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame11.suggest Suggest作“建议”解时，其宾语从句的谓语用should+原形或原形；作“表明/暗示”解时则宾语从句的谓语不受限制。 *I suggest we have the meeting at once. *I suggest the meeting be held at once.*John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined

14、.*The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. *The look on his face suggested that he was disappointed.12.apart from 除.之外(分别等于except 和besides)*Apart from that, all goes well.*Apart from English, we have other subjects.13.positive adj.确定的;积极的;正的 *There is positive proof that he did it. *I

15、m positive/sure that he did it.*What we need is positive thinking. *Positive suggestions will always be welcomed. *The positive sign is +. *The blood tests were positive.positive pole阳极，正极 positive的反义词是negative(否定的,消极的,负的)14.be strict with和be strict inbe strict with sb.be strict in sth. *His parents

16、 are strict with him. *He is strict in his work.15.make sense vi.说得通，有意义，有道理, 被理解 *Your whole account of the incidents doesnt make sense. *No matter how you read it, this sentence doesnt make (any) sense. make sense of vt.理解，懂 *Can you make sense of what he said?16.with the planets going round it这是w

17、ith +宾语+宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作定语或状语，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式以及分词(ing和ed)等。现将其基本形式归纳如下：A.with + n./pron. + 形容词/副词 *He wore a shirt, with the neck open. *With the noise so loud outside, I cant sleep. *With Mr Smith away, weve got more room.B.with + n./pron. + 介词短语*He sat there with a smile on his f

18、ace.*Its a village with mountains around it.*He came in with a ball under his arm.C.with + n./pron. + 不定式 *With so much work to do, he could not go *With so many problems to solve, the newly-elected president had a hard time.D.with + n./pron. + 现在分词*The street was quiet with no buses running.*With h

19、im leading the way, I had no trouble finding the station.*With so many people watching me, I felt nervous.*With the room being decorated, it smells terrible.*I cant go on holiday with my mother being ill.*With Christmas approaching, shops became crowded.*With time going by(As time went by), I realiz

20、ed my mistakes.E.with + n./pron. + 过去分词 *The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.*With so many problems solved, the newly-elected president felt relieved.*He slept with all the windows closed.*The boy left with his homework unfinished.17.contribute vt. vi. 捐献，捐赠；贡献；投稿*He contributed to the

21、 Red Cross.*He contributed $5 to the charity every payday.*He didnt contribute one idea to the discussion.*He contributed an article to the Daily Post.*He often contributes to the magazine.contribute to 经常作“有助于，导致”解*Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.*His carelessness contributed to the

22、accident.*His singing will contribute greatly to the success of the party.*Bad eating habits contributed to his illness. make a contribution 做贡献Useful expressionsphysical characteristics 身体特征scientific research 科学研究infectious diseases 传染病solve the problem 解决问题be determined to do 决心做look into 调查soon

23、afterwards 之后不久slow down 慢下来，减缓die of 死于make a suggestion 提建议make a plan 制定计划make a speech 发表演讲make a change 做出改变make a investigation 进行调查make a decision 做决定make a contribution 做贡献make a noise 发出响声make a description 进行描述make a face 做鬼脸make friends 交朋友make money 赚钱make dinner 做饭make sure 确保make the b

24、ed 铺床make room for 给让地方make ones way to 向走去make up ones mind 下决心lead to 导致UNIT 21.consist of和make upmake up(vt.)组成，构成consist of =be made up of由组成/构成 *Women make up 60 percent of the workers in this factory. *Different qualities make up a persons character. *Nine players make up a team. *Fifty studen

25、ts make up the class. 在上述句子中不能用consist of，只有当上述句子改为被动后才能换成consist of。 *60 percent of the workers in this factory are made up of women.=60 percent of the workers in this factory consist of women.*A persons character is made up of different qualities. =A persons character consists of different qualiti

26、es.*A team is made up of nine players. =A team consists of nine players.*The class is made up of fifty students.=The class consists of fifty students. *How many countries does the UK consist of?=How many countries is the UK made up of?所以，consist of无被动态，也不能用进行时，而make up是及物的，它的被动形式是be made up of。在用分词做

27、定语时，consist of用现在分词，be made up of用过去分词。 *a team consisting of nine players=a team made up of nine players2.divide *The children are dividing the cake.*Lets divide the class into four groups.*The class is divided into four groups. *Lets divide the work between/among us. divideinto把分成 divide sth. betw

28、een/among sb.在某人中分某物separatefrom把和分开比较：*Please divide the apples into two parts.*Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.The apple was _ into two.We _the money equally.Oxygen can be _ from water.The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.The two boys are fighting. Go and _ them.3.you find Wale

29、s included as well注意下列句中include正确形式的选用: *Many people were injured, including two children.= Many people were injured, two children included.*All of us laughed, including me.=All of us laughed, me included4.break away(from)A.突然挣脱或逃掉B.断绝往来，脱离，和决裂C.改掉(习惯), 破除(旧做法) *The criminal broke away from the poli

30、ceman who was holding him. *He tried to break away from me. *The southern states wanted to break away from the union. *You should break away from these bad habits. break down坏掉，垮掉 *The engine broke down. *Our car broke down halfway *His health broken down.5.creditcredit card信用卡 *It takes 124 credits

31、 to graduate.(学分)to ones credit值得赞扬的是，对某人有利的是 *It is greatly to your credit that you have passed such a difficult examination.6.the four countries do work together助动词do/does/did除用来构成否定句和疑问句外，还可用于肯定句或祈使句表示强调，译作 “的确，确实，务必”.*He does speak fluent English.*He did attend the lecture that day.*Do be quiet.7.for convenience为方便起见 *I keep my dictionary near my desk for co