英语第一人称代词考点.docx

1、英语第一人称代词考点考点一 人称代词格数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhe,she,itthey宾格meusyouyouhim,her,itthem1人称代词的用法:(1)作主语。例如:She often chats with her e friends on the Internet on Sundays.她在星期天经常与网友在网上聊天。We should keep our city clean.我们应当保持我们的城市清洁。注意：几个人称代词作并列主语时，I总是放在最后,把第二、三人称放在前面,表示礼貌和谦虚。例如:You, she and I a

2、re going to have A picnic this Saturday.我、你和她将在本周六一起去野餐。(2)作动词或介词的宾语。例如:Please show me how to do it.请向我展示怎样去做。These presents are for him.这些礼物是给他的。(3)作表语。例如:-Who is the girl in the photo?照片上的那个女孩是谁?- Its me.是我。2 it的特殊用法:作为引导词，用作句子的形式主语，在it引导的表示天气、时间等意义的句子中，it的语法功能是明确的，即作主语，而意义却是含糊的，可以说是没有词汇意义的,所以叫作“虛

3、义it”。(1)代替自然现象。例如:Its cloudy today.今天多云。(2)代替时间。例如:Its Thursday today.今天星期四。(3)代替距离或路程。例如:Its about two hours walk.大约两小时的路程。典例精析例翻译句子。1.他比我高。 2.我们正和她谈论此事. 3.(淮安淮阴)昨天雨下得很大,今天天放晴了。 解析 1.此句比较的是两个人的身高，“他”是主语,用主格，“我”在than之后,用宾格,故答案为“He is .taller than me.”。2.句中“我们”作主语，用主格，“她”作介词 宾语,用宾格,此事可用it来代替,故答案为“We

4、are talking to/with her about it.”。3. 此句中it作为引导词,用作句子的形式主语表示天气,故答案为“It rained heavily yesterday. Its sunny today. ”。考点精练一、翻译短语。1.我们所有人 2.给我打电话 3.帮助他们 4.打扰了 5.朝它喊 6.听他说 7.加入我们 8.把邮票展示给我们看 9.他们中的许寒人 10.教我英语 11.写信给她 12.告诉他们关于你的情况 13.向我们走来 14.喜欢她 15.和我一样大 16.拜访你们 二、翻译句子.1.它的意思是我们不应该在这儿喧哗。 2.这个钱包是给你的。 3.

5、她比我小一岁。 4.南京春天经常下雨吗? 5.他们正在同他谈论周末计划。 考点二 物主代词1形容词性物主代词具有彤容词的特征,后面紧跟名词。例如；Her mother is a doctor.她的母亲是一位医生。Is that your jacket?那是你的夹克衫吗?2名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，后面不能再接名词,名词性物主代词在句子中可以作主语。表语或宾语。例如:My coat is yellow, and his is black. (主语)我的外套是黄色的。他的是黑色的。That is my bag, and this is yours.(表语)那是我的包，这个是你的。- I am

6、helping your child with his maths.我正在帮你的孩子学习数学。- Oh, Im helping yours with her English, too.(宾语)哦,我也正在帮你的孩子学习英语。That hamburger is for your sister. This is for mine.(宾语)那个汉堡包是给你妹妹的，这个是给我妹妹的。物主代词的特定用法1.形容词性物主代词前面和后面不能用定冠词the。2.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。例如:These are their postcards. = These postcards are the

7、irs.这些是他们的明信片。/这些明信片是他们的。That is his wallet. = That wallet is his.那是他的钱包。/那个钱包是他的。例选择适 当的代词填空。1. Heres a glass of water for (you, your) sister.2. Davids bag is heavier than (her. hers).3. This is your calculator. (My, Mine) is over there.4. (湖北宜昌)These presents are (our, ours), those are (them, thei

8、rs).解析 1.sister是名词,所以前面应该用形容词性物主代词,故选your。 2.该句比较的对象是两人的包,所以than后应用名词性物主代词,故选hers。3.my为形容词性物主代词,不能作主语，mine是名词性物主代词,可作主语,故选Mine。4.此句中两个横线的后面没有名词了,所以其前面要用名词性物主代词作表语,故选ours和theirs。一、按要求完成表格。主格heit宾格them形容词性物主代词myher名词性物主代词yours二、用所给代词的适当形式填空.1. This is (I) book. (your) is in the bag.2. The classroom is

9、 (our).3. - Are these watches ? - No. watches are at home. (she)4. They arent (his) sweaters. They are (their).5. The new pen is (his).6. That is not (my) bike. Its (her).7. Is this book (your)?8. This dress isnt my sisters. Its (my).9. Look at the elephant. (it) nose is very long.10. ( we) school i

10、s big and beautiful.考点三 指示代词知识精讲指示代词是用来指示人或事物的代词。常用的指示代词有this, that, these 和those.如下表:单数复数含义this(这个)these(这些)指较近的人和物that(那个)those(那些)指较远的人和物1指示代词可起到名词的作用,作主语、宾语或表语。例如:Those are books. (主语)那些是书。He has three daughters. He likes this best. (宾语)他有三个女儿。他最喜欢这个(女儿)。Your friend is over there. Mine is this.

11、(表语)你的朋友在那边。这个是我的朋友。2指示代词也可起到形容词的作用，作定语。例如:This Walkman is new.这个随身听是新的。These trousers are very nice.这些裤子非常漂亮。典例精析例选择填空。( )1. Whats over there?A. This B. that C. those( )2. are apples, I think.A. This B. That C. These解析1. over there指较远处,所以排除A, those 指代复数,而句中的whats为单数,故选B.2. A.B选项为单数形式,但后面的谓语动词are为复数

12、形式，所以排除,故选C。考点精练选择填空。( )1. What are over there?A. those B. that C. these( )2. blouses are in the box.A. These B. This C. That( )3. Is your bedroom?A. this B. those C. the( )4. - Whose study is - Its my study.A. that B. these C. those( )5. computer over there is old, but is new.A. This; that B. That;

13、 this C. That; that( )6. Nancy, is Helen. is a new student.A. it; This B. this; That C. this; She( )7. jacket is mine. This one is yours.A. These B. Those C. That( )8. boy is Liu Taos friend.A. That the B. That C. That a考点四 不定代词知识精讲不定代词是不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词。常见的不定代词有some, any, all,both, many, much,

14、 every, no，everything,something, anything, nothing, someone, anyone,everyone, somebody, anybody, nobody等。它们的共同特点是没有明确指定人或事物。There are many students in the room. (定语)房间里有许多学生。There isnt much juice in the bottle. (定语)瓶子里没有多少果汁。My friends will come. to the party. Many of them are good at dancing. (主语)我

15、的朋友们将来参加聚会。他们中的许多人擅长跳舞。The pond is full of rain. Much is running into the river. (主语)池塘里积满了雨水。许多正流向河里。疑难探究a lot of.lots of与many.much的区别a lot of. lots of 与many. much都表示“许多”.但a lot of和lots of后既可跟可数名词复数形式。又可跟不可数名词。例如:There is a lot o water on the floor.= There is much water on the floor.地板上有许多水。We pick

16、ed a lot of peaches on the farm last week.= We picked many peaches on the farm last week.上周我们在农场摘了许多桃子。We played lots of games at the camp in the mountains.= We played many games at the camp in the mountains.在山中野营地我们做了许多游戏。(2)many和much可与how构成疑问词.对名词的数量进行提问。how many后接可数名词复数，how much后接不可数名词。例如:How man

17、y toys do you have?你有多少玩具?How much milk is there in the fridge? 冰箱里有多少牛奶?2 no的用法no用作不定代词。相当于not any, not a/an。例如: There is no rice in the bowl.= There is not any rice in the bowl. 碗里没有米饭。There is no apple in the bag.= There is not an apple in the bag.包里没有苹果。I have no daughter.= I do not have a daugh

18、ter. 我没有女儿。There are no children in the park.= There are not any children in the park.公园里没有孩子。3(1)some和any的用法some和any均表示“一些”，可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。some常用于肯定句中，而any则常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:Some students are playing games in the playground.一些学生正在操场上做游戏。There isnt any water in the glass.玻璃杯中没有水。Can you see any pictur

19、es on the wall?你能看到墙上的画吗?(2) something/ anything/ nothing的用法something常用于肯定旬中.而anything则常用于否定句和疑问句中,但在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的一般疑问句中用something, nothing相当于not anything.例如:Theres something on the desk.书桌上有些东西。Is there anything in your schoolbag?你书包里有些东西吗?Would you like something to drink?你想要喝点什么吗?Theres not

20、hing interesting in todays newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的新闻。温馨提示疑问句中的somesome可用于表示请求的疑问句中,表示希望得到对方的肯定回答。例如:Would you like some apple juice?你想要喝些苹果汁吗?- Can I have some writing paper, Mum?妈妈,我能要些信纸吗?- Sure. Here you are.当然可以。给你。4 both和 all的用法both和all均可表示“全部都”，both 指两个人或两个事物; all指三个或三个以上的人或事物。例如:Her parents

21、are both going to Helens birthday party.她的父母都将去参加海伦的生日聚会。Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Mike are all good students.王兵.刘涛和迈克都是好学生。典例精析例 选择填空。( )1. There isnt coffee in the fridge, but there are bananas in it.A. many; much B. much; many C. some; any( )2. My parents doctors.A. are both B. are all C. both( )3.(

22、山东青岛)There is cow on the farm.A.no any B. not C.no.解析1. coffee是不可数名词,不能用many修饰，所以排除A, some不能用在否定句中,所以排除C,故选B。2. all表示三者或三者以上的人或事物，而“my parents”指父母二人,所以排除B,故选A。3. not后面跟a/an或any加名词，no后面直接跟名词,故选C。考点精练一、选择适当的单词或短语填空。1. There is (many. much) milk in the bottle.2. Can you sec (some. any) flowers on the t

23、ree?3. Gao Shan. Yang Ling and I are (both. all) students.4. There is (no. not) tea in the glass.5. We have (lot of. lots of) pears in the basket.二、从I栏中找出与I栏相对应的答句.将其序号写在题前括号内。I( )1.Anything else?( )2.Would you like some juice?( )3.Theres no coffee in the cup.( )4. Are all the students excited?( )5.

24、Is there any milk in the bottle?( )6.Are you both students?( )7.How much is it?( )8.How many seasons are there in year?IIA. Heres some coffee for you.B. There are four.C. Yes. there is.D. Twenty yuan.E. Yes. please.F. Some bread, please.G. Yes, they are.H. No, we arent.考点五 疑问代词知识精讲疑问代词在句中用采构成特殊疑问句.放

25、在句首.并在句中作一定的成分,主要用于询问“何人”“何物”什么”等。疑问代词有who谁(主格)，whom谁(宾格), whose谁的(所有格), what 什么，which哪个、哪些等。疑问代词的基本用法;1 作主语Who can open the door for me?谁能替我开门?What makes the street so dirty?什么使得街道如此脏?2 作宾语Whom/Who is the present from?这礼物是谁送的?What can I do for you? 我能为你做些什么?3 作定语Whose pen is this? 这是谁的钢笔?What subje

26、ct do you like? 你喜欢什么学科?Which coat do you like, the red one or the blue one?你喜欢哪一件外套，红的还是蓝的?4 作表语Whose is this cap?这顶帽|子是谁的?Whats this?这是什么?疑难探究which与what的区别which表示在一定的范围内选择,而what的选择对象往往没有明确的限制。例如:Which pair of shoes do you need, the big ones or the small ones?(选择对象有两个:大的和小的。)你需要哪双鞋子，大的还是小的?Which cl

27、ass are you in? (选择范围已暗示:特定的年级。)你在哪个班?What is for breakfast. Mum? (没有明确范围,只要是可以吃的。)妈妈,早饭吃什么?典例精析例，对下列句子的画线部分提问。1. The black wallet is his. 2. We are picking apples on the farm. 3. (苏州新区)Rubbish makes the park dirty and messy. 4. (泰州靖江)This is my sisters bedroom. 解析1. 句中的his为名词性物主代词,所以应用疑问代词whose,答案为

28、“Whose is the black wallet?”。2.对谓语动词提问,应用疑问代词what, 答案为“What are you doing on the farm?”。3. 对表示东西的主语提问时,应用疑问代词what,答案为“What makes the park dirty and messy?”。4.对作定语的名词所有格提问时,应用疑问代词whose.答案为“Whose bedroom is this?”。考点精练用适当的疑问代词填空。1.- skates better, Wang Bing or Liu Tao? - Liu Tao does.2.- would you lik

29、e?- Some coffee, please.3.- are these beautiful flowers from?- They are from my friends.4.- toy bear is this? - Its his.5.- colour are your trousers? - They are white.6.- are these shoes?- They are mine.7.- are you writing to?- I m writing to my English friend, Tom.8.- boy is your cousin?- T he one with small eyes.考点六 反身代词数人称第一人称第一人称第一人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/ herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2 反身代词的用法(1)主语与宾语同为一人时用反身代词。Mary hurt herself while riding the bike.玛丽在骑自行车时伤到了自己。I am teaching myself English.我在自学英语。