备考高考英语短文改错题考查的十大要点解读.docx

1、备考高考英语短文改错题考查的十大要点解读【备考2016】高考英语短文改错题考查的十大要点历年高考注重考查名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词、副词、连词、动词、动词时态,动词语态、主谓语一致等语法知识。一、时态是否一致几乎每年高考短文改错中都有时态错误。因此要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。二、主谓是否一致在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时，还要注意检查该动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致。三、指代是否一致对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后一致，包括人称代词、指标代词、反

2、身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改错题中常设的改错题。四、平行结构是否平行一致由and，or，but，eitheror，neithernor，not only but also，as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。平行结构在词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。答题时要留心平行结构前后是否对等平行，这也是常设的错误。五、名词的单复数名词数的错误也是高考常设的改错题。要查一下名词是否可数，与其修饰语是 否一致。六、行文逻辑是否一致查这方面的错误应从文章整体内容出发，通篇考虑，以句为单位是难以发现这种错误的。逻辑不一致主要是由肯定与否定、关联词语

3、以及动词（如come与go，take与bring）的误用所造成的，应多从这方面去查找。七、定冠词和不定冠词的用法，即a, an, the三者的转化与增减定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the；a， an的混用，特别注意：hour， honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful， university， European， onehour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。八考查固定搭配主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的

4、固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。九、非谓语动词错误非谓语动词错误主要表现为动词与非谓语动词混用错误及非谓语动词各种形式混用错误.考生应注意只要不做谓语就不能用动词形式而只能用非谓语动词形式,并学会根据非谓语成份选用非谓语动词形式.十形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法总之，短文改错要注意联系上下文和时态的变化，做题时应以句子为单位，同时兼顾改错的原则。这个原则就是不能改变原意，不能轻易去掉动词、名词等实词，去掉的通常是固定搭配结构中多余的部分。同样，增加的词也是固定搭配中缺少的部分或者是定语从句中的先行词或介词。短

5、文改错中名词的错误多是可数名词和不可数名词的混用；形容词的错误一般是比较级和最高级的混用；副词的错误一般来说是该用副词的地方用成了形容词。2015年高考英语短文改错题汇总1.【2015陕西】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（

6、从第11处起）不计分。My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the bisc

7、uits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”My favorite picture at

8、the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!【答案】76.去掉in77.anything改为something78.better改成best79.decide改成decided80.step改为steps81.well改成good82.after改成when/while83.a改为the84.just后加to85.enjoy改为enjoying2.【2015四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一

9、个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每句不超过两个错误；2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；3.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Hi, Janice,Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of theproblems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new f

10、riend here. We hang out together during lunch andafter school. Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. Its been three Saturdaysnow and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a timewasting activity! In fact ,I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendsh

11、ip. How do you think I should do? If you are me ,would you talk to him?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace【答案】61.加上to62.tell-told63. friend-friends64.sing-singing65.many-much66.so-but67. How-What68. are-were69.him-them70.去掉with【解析】试题分析：文章主要通过一封求助信，写出了写信人的困扰。作者交了三个新朋友，经常一起去卡拉OK唱歌，但其实作者并

12、不喜欢这样，他想知道自己该怎么做才不会失去这段友谊。61.加上to考查动词want的用法，want用不定式担当状语，故加上to。句意为：我真地很想和你分享一下我经历的问题。62.telltold考查时态。根据时间状语last time可知，此句需要用一般过去时，故把tell改成told。句意为正如我上次告诉你的那样。63. friendfriends考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意为：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。64.singsinging考查动名词担当宾语。本句考查句型spend（in）doing sth结

13、构，故把sing改成singing。65.manymuch考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意为：那真的花费很多。66.so-but考查连词。上一分句意为：我不想再去；下一分句意为：我怕失去他们的友谊，两个分句之间有转折关系，故把so改成but。67. HowWhat考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，表示事情，故用what而非how。注意首字母要大写。68. arewere考查虚拟语气。根据句子可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不相符，故把are改成were。句意为：如果你是我,。69.himthem考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them而

14、非him。句意为：你会和他们说吗？70.去掉with考查动词。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意为：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。3.【2015浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。例如：It was very nice to get your invit

15、ation to spentweekend with you. LuckilytheIwascompletely free then, so Illtosay “yes”. Ill arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m.aminFriday evening.OnMy old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.

16、On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enj

17、oy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget i

18、t.【答案】side-sidesfrom-tosit-sittingeasy-easilyis-wasthem-itnot删除in hurry- in a hurryfelt-feelIf-Although/Though【解析】试题分析：这是一篇介绍教室的文章。side-sides考查名词的单复数。根据前面的three，此处应该使用复数形式from-to考查介词搭配make of与make from两者都常用在被动语态中,表示“某物由.构成的”. make of的原材料是看的到的,即平常我们说的物理现象,比如The chair is made of wood.椅子是有木头做成的。而make f

19、rom的原材料是看不到的,比如Paper is made from the trees.纸张是由木材做成的.是一种化学变化,从纸上是看不出一棵树滴.sit-sitting考查动名词动词enjoy后接ing形式。easy-easily考查副词此处的副词修饰动词seeis-was考查动词的谓语时态根据前后句的谓语时态都是使用过去的，所以这里面也需要用过去时态。them-it考查代词此处的it指代的是学校。删除not考查意思是否表否定该句的意思应该是表达肯定而不是否定所以要删除notin hurry- in a hurry考查冠词in a hurry意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配felt-feel考

20、查使役动词的法。Make sb do sth,是使役动词的用法。If-Although/Though考查连词的用法，根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。4.【2015新课标全国II】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词作斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意

21、：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw atoy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his pa

22、rents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.【答案】71. parent改为parent

23、s72. on改为in73. very去掉74. looks改为looking75. where改为that或者去掉where76. begun改为began77. telling改为told78. a改为the79. saw后加his80. terrible改为terribly5.【2015新课标全国I】第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

24、修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起不计分。When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of i

25、ndustrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to

26、 do so ,well live to regret it .【答案】76. think thought77. countryside前加the78. orand79. onwith80. been去掉81. seriouslyserious82. airsair83. muchmany84. foundfind85. yourour【解析】76. think thought句意：我认为生活在那儿很快乐。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”77. countryside前加the句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。78. orand句意

27、：那里山绿并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。79. onwith句意：随着工业化的发展。短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着的发展。80. been去掉句意：许多研究表明。语态用法错误。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。81. seriouslyserious句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前面用形容词修饰。82. airsair句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词用法错误。名词air为不可数名词。83. muchmany句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词animal为可数名词，故用many修饰。84. foundfind句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词must后接动词原形。85. yourour句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护我们的环境。来源：