1、代词在英语单项选择中的12个考点高考英语代词在单项填空中的12个考点 考点1 人称代词主格与宾格的用法 (1)人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。 【真题再现】(1)My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. (2006重庆) A. my B. mine C. myself D. me 解析:由语境可知“她没想到我已成年了”,应当用宾格me作imagine的宾语;短语形容词grown up(成熟的,成年的)作宾补。答案是D。 (2)Catherine bought a post
2、card of the place she was visiting, addressed _ to_ and then posted it at the nearby post office(2006安徽) A. it; her B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself 解析:由address sth. to sb. (在信件或包裹上写上收件人的姓名及地址)可知,Catherine在买来的明信片上写上她自己的姓名及地址。答案是B。 (3)I intended to compare notes with a friend, but u
3、nfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute. (2004重庆) A. they B. one C. who D. it 解析:句中a friend (=one of my friends) 泛指我的朋友中的任何一个,代替名词my friends,且在but后的并列句中作主语用they。答案是A。 (4)Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Why_? John is sitting there doing nothing. (2003全国) A. him B. he C. I D.
4、me 解析:感叹疑问句或省略句中用人称代词的宾格。 答案是D 提示:下列情况也用宾格: 在be后作表语。 Who is it? Its me. 谁?是我呀。 在单独使用或带not的简略回答中。如: Who broke the cup? 谁打破了杯子? Me! (Not me!)我!(不是我!) I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。 Me too. 我也是。 在感叹疑问句中做主语,以引起强调。如: You can tell him. 你可以告诉他。 Me tell him? Not likely!我告诉他?不可能! 在下列之类的祈使句中: Hes got to repay the mo
5、neypoor him.他得偿还这笔钱可怜的他呀! 考点2 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语,名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语,但不能作定语。 【真题再现】(5)Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _. (2004上海春) A. him and her B. his and hers C. his and her D. him and hers 解析:在句中作表语,指“他的邮票和她的邮票”用his and her (=his stam
6、ps and her stamps)。答案是B。 (6)Is your camera like Bills and Anns? No, but its almost the same as _. (1994全国) A. her B. yours C. them D. their 解析:与it(=my camera)相比的应是your camera,与“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当的应是名词性物主代词,yours=your camera。答案是B。 (7) The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again. (1991年) A. his, him B
7、. her, her C. her, him D. his, her 解析:形容词性物主代词his作mother的定语;宾格人称代词her作介词to的宾语。答案是D。 (8)Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _. (1990全国) A. their B. theirs C. her D. hers 解析:of要与名词性物主代词一起作定语,排除A和C;又因Kate and her sister是复数,排除D。答案是B。 (9)Whose room is that? Its_ (1982全国) A. my B. ours C.
8、 my brothers D. of my brother 解析:从语境看,答语应当是指“某人的房间”,只有选项B能表达此意,ours=our room。答案是B。 (10)His camera is more expensive than _. (1989全国) A. hers B. her C. it D. its 解析:与his camera作比较的应是“她的照相机”,用hers (=her camera)。答案是A。 (11)Is her hair shorter than _?(1981全国) A me B. my C. mine D. I 解析:与her hair相比较的应是my
9、hair,应用名词性物主代词是mine (=my hair)。答案是C。 考点3 反身代词的用法 反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语,还可以作主语或宾语的同位语,可译作“亲自,本人”,但不能作主语。 【真题再现】(12)Who called me this morning when I was out?(2006福建21) A man calling _ Robert. A. him B. himself C. his D.不填 解析:考查反身代词。因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是
10、“叫某人/自称某名字”;句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”,用himself。答案是B。 (13)You will find as you read fiats book that you just cant keep some of these stones to _. You will want to share them with a friend. (2005湖南) A. itself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves 解析:主语是you,要用yourself;to oneself是习语,指某人“独自享用,不与他人共享”。答案是B。 (14)My da
11、ughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (2005上海春) A. herself B. her C. she D. hers 解析:句意是:“我女儿经常制定日程表,以便让她自自己知道这一天要干什么。”答案是A。 (15)Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (1996全国) A. themselves B. oneself C. itself D. himself 解析:能与
12、they相呼应,并作they的同位语的,用反身代词themselves。答案是A。 提示:请留意意含oneself的短语。如:(1) be oneself身体正常;(2)Make yourself at home! 别客气!(3)make yourself understood 使你的话被人理解。 考点4 指示代词的用法 指示词有this, that, these, those等。注意以下4点: (1) this, these是时间或空间上的“近指”,可与here连用;that, those是时间或空间上的“远指”,可与there连用。 (2) 指上文提到的事一般用that,有时也用this,
13、指下文的事只能用this。 (3) 打电话时,用this来介绍自己,用that来问对方,不用I或you。 (4) this和that还可表示程度,意为“如此,那么”,相当于so,作状语。 【真题再现】(16)He was nearly drowned once. When was _? _was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (2002北京春) A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This 解析:指上文提到的事多用that;后空是强调结构的简略式,完整的句是It was in was in
14、1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned once.其中when he was in middle school是定语从句。答案是A。 (17)Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. (2004广东) A. such B. that C. more D. very 解析:much前用so, 不用such。口语中,常用that来代替so。答案是B。 考点5 疑问代词的意义和用法 疑问代词有
15、what, which, who, whom, whose等。用法要点如下: 1. what除可用来询问人的身份外,一般指物;which可指人也可指物;who, whom, whose一般指人。 【真题再现】(18)The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (2002全国) A. who B. when C. how D. what 解析:blame(责备)是及物动词,缺宾语,责备的应是打碎玻璃的人,该用who。答案是A。 2. 没有一定的范围时,用what,意为
16、“什么”;有一定范围时,用which,意为“(其中的)哪一个”。 (19)There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy. (1992全国) A. what B. which C. how D. where 解析:buy缺宾语,排除副词C和D;表示在一定范围中不知买哪能一种,用which。答案是B。 考点6 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较 1. 表示两者“都”用both,表示两者“都不”用neither,表示两者中的“任一”用either。 (20)If you cant
17、 decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them this week. (2006浙江) A. all B. any C. either D. both 解析:由前后语境来看,应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。答案是D。 (21)You may drop in or just give me a call. _ will do(2006安徽) A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All 解析:由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”,用either。答案是A。 (22
18、)Which driver was to blame? Why, _! It was the childs fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars. (2006北京) A. both B. each C. either D. neither 解析:由后文It was the childs fault, clear and simple.可知,应答者认为“两个司机都不应负责”,用neither。答案是D。 (23)There are two windows in the room. They _f
19、ace south. (1980全国) A. all B. both C. each D. either 解析:指“两者都”用both。答案是B。 (24)I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _of them answered it. (2005福建) A. either B. none C. neither D. nobody 解析:由my parents可知是指两者,由To my disappointment可知,两个中一个也没接电话。答案是C。 (25)We asked John and Jerry,
20、but _of them could offer a satisfactory explanation. (2005北京春) A. either B. none C. both D. neither 解析:由but可知,John 和Jerry“两者都不”。 答案是D。 (26)I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _ of them came. (2004北京) A. neither B. either C. none D. both 解析:因为指Joe和Linda两个人,排除C;又由but可知,她们两个人一个也没来,所以选neither。答案是A。 (
21、27)Both teams were in hard training, _ was willing to lose the game.(2001上海) A. either B. neither C. another D. the other 解析:“两队都在努力训练”当然是“两队都不愿输”,表示“两者都不”用neither答案是B。 (28)Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _day is possible. (1998全国) A. either B. neither C. some D. any 解析:由Im afraid可知,Mon
22、day和Tuesday两天都不行。答案是B。 (29)Are the two answers correct? No, _correct. (1986全国) A. no one is B. both are not C. neither is D. either is not 解析:由two和No可知“两个答案都不对”,no one(=nobody)只能指人,排除A;both are not correct是部分否定,意为“并非两者都对(即一对一错)”,与no矛盾,排除B;英语中有noteither(=neither)的说法,但不能说eithernot,排除D;表示完全否定“两者都不”用nei
23、ther。答案是C。 (30)Theres coffee and tea; you can have _. Thanks. (2003全国) A. either B. each C. one D. it 解析:指coffee和tea两者中的“任何一种”用either。答案是A。 (31)Do you want tea or coffee? _.I really dont mind. (2000北京春) A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 解析:由上文tea or coffee可知,是指两者;由I really dont mind 可知,这两种饮料中的“任何
24、一种”都行。答案是C。 (32)Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end? If you keep still, you can sit at _end. (1987全国) A. neither B. each C. either D. any 解析:boat应当是两端,表示“你可坐在任一端”,“(两者中的)任一”是either。 答案是C 2. 表示多者“都”用all,表示多者“都不”用none,表示多者中的“任一”用any。 (33)Of all the books on the desk, _ is of any use f
25、or our study. (2006四川) A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 解析:考查不定代词。由all可知,是指三者或三者以上,排除C;nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到的“书”毫无联系,排除A;no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人,也错了;指多者中“一个也没有,没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful,在句中作表语。句意是“在桌上的所有这些书中,没有一本书对我们的学习有用。”答案是D。 (34)I had to buy _these books because I didnt know which on
26、e was the best. (2004上海) A. both B. none C. neither D. all 解析:后文的best是最高级,可见至少有三本,排除A和C;none不能作定语,要说none of答案是D。 (35)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _. (2004浙江) A. none B. either C. any D. each 解析:由three可知是指三套工具中的“任一套”。答案是C。 (36)Which of the three ways shall I take
27、 to the village? _way as you please. (2004福建) A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either 解析:关键词是three。表示三者或三以上的“任一”,用any;表示两者中的“任一”,才用either。答案是C。 (37)Mr Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept_ of the three suggestions made by the Students Union. (2000上海春) A. either B. neither C. any D. none 解析:
28、由three可知是三者,指三者中的任一,用any。答案是C。 (38)When shall we meet again? Make it _day you like; its all the same to me. (1996全国) A. one B. any C. another D. some 解析:指“你喜欢的任何一天”,表示“(多者中的)任一”用any。答案是B。 (39)They were all very tired, but _of them would stop to take a rest. (1995全国) A. any B. some C. none D. neither
29、 解析:由all可知是三者或三者以上,由but可知是“没有一个人”愿停下来休息。答案是C。 (40)_ but fools will believe what he said. (1992上海) A. None B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everything 解析:句意是:“除了白痴没有一个人会相信他讲的话。”答案是A。 (41)Canada is larger than _ country in Asia. (1991全国) A. any B. any other C. other D. another 解析:“加拿大比亚洲任何一个国家都大。”表示三者以上中的“任一
30、”用any;Canada不属亚洲,不用other。答案是A。 3. none可指人或物,一般要接表示范围的of短语,可回答how many;而no one只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短语,可回答who。另外,none可指后文的不可数名词,表示“毫无”。 (42)Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _of the trouble of taking buses. (1996上海) A. nothing B. none C. some D. neither 解析:由句意“有些人宁愿骑自行车,因为骑自行车没有乘公共汽车那样的麻烦。”可排除选项C;the trouble是不可数名词,怎么会有两者或几者呢?排除选项D;nothing意为“什么也没有”,意义不通,排除A;答案是B。 (
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