历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案.docx

1、历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案2020-2021年历年全国高考英语被动语态试题汇总及答案一、单项选择被动语态1I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenChasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语

2、He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。2一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一Not until our plan_ by the committeeAwill be approved BapprovesCis to approve Dhas been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A或D。A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。3The

3、manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. Oh，my god ! I havent finished it yet. But he _ back at the company tomorrow.Awas expected Bwill expectCexpected Dwill be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计

4、，故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意，这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间，要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。考点：考查时态和语态4The singers music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.Aviewed Bhas viewedCwas viewed Dhas been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has

5、 viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时has done形式，又因music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选D。考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。5Are we about to have dinner?Yes，it _ in the dining room.Aserves Bis servingCis being served Dhas been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态。因serve与i

6、t(dinner)是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已“在”供应dinner了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。6With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washing away Dare being washed away【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：

7、根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of.后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of.的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D项。【名师点拨】quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a qu

8、antity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1.Large quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。7- Why dont we choose that road to save ti

9、me?- The bridge to it .Ahas repaired Bis repairedCis being repaired Dwill be repaired【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意为：我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢？通往那条路的桥正在维修。桥正在被维修，故用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：C8Quantities of soil _ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.Ais washed away Bhave washed awayChave washed away

10、 Dhave been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响，故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。9107The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _in the snowstorm.Awere trapping Bwere being trappedCare trapping Dare being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进

11、行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C；句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选B。点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。10Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.Aare urging, followed Bare being

12、 urged, followingCare urged, to follow Durge, being followed【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。 “敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语， following，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。11Its reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until

13、 some thorough research .Ahas been done Bwill have been doneCwill be done Dhad been done【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国才会买进欧盟债务，含有not .until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。考点：考查时态及语态12I wonder why Robert hasnt shown up at the interview yet. Its a pity if h

14、e missedIm not sure, but he _ in a traffic jam riding here.Acould stuck Bshould stuckCmust have stuck Dmight have been stuck【答案】D【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。上句：我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过了很可惜。下句：我不确定，但是他可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，根据句意可知是被动，故答案为D。13Are the repairs finished yet?Yes, they _ when I came bac

15、k home.Awould be completed Bwould completeChad completed Dhad been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。14It is the third time so far that such a festival _ in my hometown.Ais held Bhas been heldCwill be held Dhad been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。This is th

16、e first (second, third) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三）次。一般来说，This is the first (second, third) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点: 考查句式用法15No decision _A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.Awill be made Bis madeCis b

17、eing made Dhas been made【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态，主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，因为后面的句子about any future appointment可以知道动作未发生，所以用将来时，句子意思“关于未来会议没有做出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访”，所以选A考点：考查时态点评：做时态题时，首先看时间状语，由时间状语来确定句子的时态；如果没有时间状语，可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。16If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happe

18、ned.Ahad been put Bwere put Cshould be put Dwould be put【答案】A【解析】【分析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。【点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If

19、you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形woul

20、d/could/might/should+动词原形与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be-were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have suc

21、ceeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at

22、 home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctors

23、advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you

24、 had worked with greater care!(要是.就好了）You would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实-虚）=

25、I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.（虚-实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词

26、had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldnt do that.=were I you, I wouldnt do that.If I should

27、 meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.17You cant move in right now. The house _ now.Ahas painted Bis paintedCis being painted Dis painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。18More than one worker _ dismissed.Ahave been Bar

28、eChas been Dhas【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由many a,more than one单数名词构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。19Please dont stand up in class until you _.Awere told to Bare toldCare told to Dwere told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可

29、以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。本句还原为：Please dont stand

30、 up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to 。故C选项正确。20An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed _ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.Awas held Bwould hold Chas hold Dwill be held【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be display

31、ed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。21A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth _.Ato be visited Bbeing visited Cvisiting Dto visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。22Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _