英语山东省威海市学年高一下学期期末考试试题解析版.docx

1、英语山东省威海市学年高一下学期期末考试试题解析版山东省威海市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A1 It happens countless times a day. A flowers bright color and the smell of sweet nectar (花蜜) attract a bee. The bee stops by for a quick ta

2、ste and small grains of pollen (the powder produced by a flower) stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal. This is an example of animal pollination (授粉) a process extremely important to plant reproduction.2 Its not only p

3、lants that depend on animal pollination humans do, too. Worldwide, nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination suddenly stopped, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods.3 This important process is carried

4、out by more than 200,000 different animal species known as pollinators. Flies and beetles - the original pollinators - date back 130 million years to the first flowering plants. Birds, butterflies, and ants also do their part. Even nonflying mammals help out: monkeys tear open flowers with their han

5、ds, accidentally spreading pollen into the air and onto their fur.4 Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk. Climate change, habitat loss, and invasive predators (入侵捕食者) all threaten them. The United States, for example, has lost over 50 percent of its honeybees over the past

6、ten years. A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony. Scientists are still trying to identify its cause.5 There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left to live. Whet

7、her thats true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. Its pretty serious.”1. What might be left on flower B, as is shown in

8、 the picture?A. Nectar.B. Pollen.C. Leaves.D. Fur.2. What can be inferred from the text?A. Pollination means a lot to fruits and grains.B. Nearly a thousand plants depend on pollination.C. Monkeys are the only nonflying mammal pollinators.D. There are more than 20,000 different species of pollinator

9、s.3. What threat are honeybees faced with?A. Climate change. B. Habitat loss.C. Invasive predators. D. Colony collapse disorder.4. What does the underlined “a real danger” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Bees are disappearing. B. Humans can only survive 4 years.C. Food shortage is serious. D. No p

10、ollinating plants, no healthy food.5. Which might be the best title?A. The Importance of Pollinators B. The Creator of NatureC. The Wonder of Reproduction D. The Secret Life of Bees【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了授粉者对世界的重要性。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“he bee stops by for a quick taste and small

11、grains of pollen (the powder produced by a flower) stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal.”（蜜蜂停下来快速尝一尝，小粒花粉（花朵产生的粉末）黏在的身体上。然后蜜蜂跑到另一朵花上，在吃另一顿饭时留下花粉。）可知蜜蜂在花朵A上沾到花粉，又跑到花朵B上，会在花朵B上留下花粉。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Worldwide, nea

12、rly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination suddenly stopped, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods.”（在世界范围内，我们种植的用于食品、香料、服装纤维和医药的近千种植物都依赖于授粉。如果授粉突然停止，我们就没有苹果、西红柿、咖啡和其他许多商品。）可推断出授粉对水果和谷物有很大的意义。故选A项。【3题详解】细节

13、理解题。由第四段中的“A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony.”（蜜蜂面临的一个严重威胁是蜂群崩溃失调，工蜂会神秘地从蜂群中消失。）可知蜜蜂面临蜂群崩溃失调的威胁。故选D项。【4题详解】词句猜测题。由第五段中的“Whether thats true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: t

14、he key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. Its pretty serious.”（野生动物摄影师路易施瓦茨伯格说：不管那是真是假并不重要，关键是存在真正的危险。“我们需要吃的最健康的食物，”他说，“如果不给植物授粉，它们就会消失。这很严重。”），可知，a real danger（真正的危险）指的是“没有授粉植物，没有健康的食物”。故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。

15、由第二段首句“Its not only plants that depend on animal pollination humans do, too.”（赖动物授粉的不仅是植物，人类也是。）第四段首句“Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk.”（因此，传粉者很重要，但它们也处于危险之中。）和第五段“There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left

16、 to live. Whether thats true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. Its pretty serious.”（爱因斯坦有句名言，如果蜜蜂消失了，人类只剩下四年的寿命。野生动物摄影

17、师路易施瓦茨伯格说：关键是存在真正的危险。“我们需要吃的最健康的食物，”他说，“如果不给植物授粉，它们就会消失。这很严重。”）可推断出文章讲的是授粉者的重要性。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“授粉者的重要性”。故选A项。B1 In 1856, a British survey team measured the height of Qomolangma with the result of 8,840 meters above sea level. However, the exact measurement has never been settled. In 1955, the figure w

18、as adjusted by an Indian survey team to 8,848 meters, and later to 8,850 meters according to a US team in 1999. And in 2005, a Chinese team gained a height of 8,844 meters, but that result wasnt widely accepted either.2 On May 6, 2020, a 30-member Chinese survey team, equipped with the latest techno

19、logy, including a Global Navigation Satellite System receiver and a radar to measure the mountains snow cap, is determined to settle the dispute (争议).3 But measuring Qomolangma is no easy task. The average air temperature there is -29 and hurricane-like winds blow all the time. According to Li Guope

20、ng, leader of the No.1 Geodetic Survey Team of Chinas Ministry of Natural Resources, despite advanced technologies we now have the likes of robots and drones its uncertain that they can operate smoothly under extreme conditions, which is why sending human experts to the peak is still necessary to en

21、sure a precise reading.4 But _5 The truth is that measuring the height of Qomolangma is much more than just getting that one particular number. Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observing crustal (地壳的) movements. Tiny changes to the peaks height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eura

22、sian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other. The survey team will also get firsthand information about the condition of the snow and other natural materials at the top, which could be an indicator of climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.6 It might be true that

23、settling a dispute was the driving force for continued exploration, but the good thing is that we always end up discovering so much more.6. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The importance of Qomolangma. B. The dispute of Qomolangmas height.C The difficulty in measuring Qomolangma. D. The change o

24、f Qomolangmas height.7. What does Li Guopeng think of the new devices they carried?A. They can read and deal with the results precisely.B. They might break down under unusual conditions.C. They are the latest advanced technology in the world.D. They will work properly without humans instructions.8.

25、Which of the following is best for the blank in the text?A. what is the process of Chinas measurement?B. how is the latest technology used for the research?C does a tiny difference really matter for a huge mountain?D. do extreme conditions actually affect the measurement?9. What is to be discovered

26、through the exact height of Qomolangma?A. The depth of snowcap. B. The diversity of natural materials.C. The state of crustal movements. D. The change of worldwide climate.10. What is the writers purpose in writing the text?A. To recommend a good way to settle a dispute.B. To show the history of mea

27、suring Qomolangma.C. To advertise Chinas latest advanced technology.D. To stress the value of Chinas latest exploration in Qomolangma.【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，世界各国关于珠穆朗玛峰的高度未达到广泛共识，中国正努力得出它的确切高度。【6题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“In 1856, a British survey team measured the height of Qomolangma w

28、ith the result of 8,840 meters above sea level. However, the exact measurement has never been settled. In 1955, the figure was adjusted by an Indian survey team to 8,848 meters, and later to 8,850 meters according to a US team in 1999. And in 2005, a Chinese team gained a height of 8,844 meters, but

29、 that result wasnt widely accepted either.”（856年，一个英国测量队测量了珠穆朗玛峰的高度，结果是海拔8840米。然而，确切的测量一直没有确定。1955年，印度的一个调查小组将这一数字调整为8848米，1999年美国的一个调查小组将这一数字调整为8850米。2005年，一支中国队获得了8844米的高度，但这个结果也没有被广泛接受。），可知本段主要讲珠穆朗玛峰海拔高度之争。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“According to Li Guopeng, leader of the No.1 Geodetic Survey Team of

30、 Chinas Ministry of Natural Resources, despite advanced technologies we now have the likes of robots and drones its uncertain that they can operate smoothly under extreme conditions, which is why sending human experts to the peak is still necessary to ensure a precise reading.”（据中国自然资源部第一大地测量队领队李国鹏说

31、，尽管我们现在拥有先进的技术，比如机器人和无人机，但在极端条件下它们能否平稳运行还不确定，这就是为什么派人类专家到山顶上仍然有必要确保精确的读数的原因。），可知新设备能否平稳运行还不确定，可推断出新设备可能会在异常情况下发生故障。故选B项。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第五段“The truth is that measuring the height of Qomolangma is much more than just getting that one particular number. Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observin

32、g crustal (地壳的) movements. Tiny changes to the peaks height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other. The survey team will also get firsthand information about the condition of the snow and other natural materials at the top, which could be an indicator of climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.”（事实上，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度不仅仅是得到一个特定的数字。珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。峰顶高度的微小变化可以表明欧亚板块和印度板块这两个板块是走向还是远离