串的索引存储.docx

1、串的索引存储串的索引存储一.串修改的原则： 1.字符的修改：刷新覆盖，索引区不发生改变。 2.字符的删除：删除字符后，其后面的字符发生移动，索引发生改变，即减一。 3.字符的插入：插入字符后，其后面的字符发生移动，索引发生改变，即加一。 4.字符串的等长修改：刷新覆盖，索引区不发生改变。 5.插入字符串长度比原串长：需要为多余的字符增添空间。 6.插入字符串长度比原串短： 7.删除一行：索引发生改变，数据区不发生改变。 8.插入一行：索引发生改变，数据区发生改变。二.一段有错误的参考程序：mian() / 字符串等长修改操作 Int a=5;/分别是字符的修改和删除操作 b=3; /字符串级插

2、入操作 /缺少c,d的定义，行插入 c=a+b; c=m+; /行级的删除操作 d=c+; /字符的插入操作 printf(%d%d%d,c,d); /字符串的删除main() int a=5; int b=3; int c,d; c=a+b; d=c+; printf(%d%d,c,d);三.三种表格： 表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900mian()Int a = = 5;b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + ;printf(“% d % d % d”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式00000001000200

3、03000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian()Inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5;b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F0040004100420

4、04300440045%d“,c,d);0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053表三：串的索引存储示意图：串名串头位置串长10020030040050060070080090000000007000900130018001F0026002C004272105776222四.修改上面错误的程序 （一）字符级的修改 1.字符的插入操作 例如：在名为700的字符串中“d=c+;” 中插入“+”形成新的字符串“d = c + + ; ”。这时，表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900mian()In

5、t a = = 5;b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d % d”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian()Inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5;b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;

6、d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045%d“,c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053c+;表三：串的索引存储示意图：串名串头位置串长10020030040050060070080090000000007000900130018001F0026(0044)002C004272105776(7)

7、2222.字符的插入操作例如：在串名为300的字符串中“Int a=5; ”中删除“=”形成新的字符串“Int a=5; ”。此时：表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900mian()Int a = 5;b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d % d”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian()Inta000E000F00100011001200

8、13001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045%d“,c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F005000510052

9、0053c+;表三：串的索引存储示意图：串名串头位置串长10020030040050060070080090000000007000900130018001F0026002C00427210(9)57762223.字符的修改：例如：在串名为300的字符串中“Int a = = 5; ”中删除“I”改成“i”形成新的字符串“int a=5; ”。此时：表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900mian()int a = 5;b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d % d”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计

10、算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian() inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039

11、003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045%d“,c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053c+;表三：串的索引存储示意图：串名串头位置串长10020030040050060070080090000000007000900130018001F0026002C00427295776222（二）字符串级的修改 1.字符串的插入操作例如:在串名为400的字符串中“b = 3 ; ”中插入“int”形成新的字符串“intb = 3 ; ”。此时：表一：字符串内容表1

12、00200300400500600700800900mian()int a = 5;int b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d % d”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian() inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100

13、220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045%d“,c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053c+;intb=3;表三：串的索引存储示意图串名串头位置串长1002003004005006007008009000000000700

14、090013(004B)0018001F0026002C00427295(9)7762222.字符串的删除操作例如：在串名为为800的串“printf(“%d%d%d”,c,d); ”中删除“%d”形成新的串“printf(%d%d”,c,d); ”。 此时：表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900mian()int a = 5;int b =3;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d ”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)00000001000200030004000

15、50006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmian() inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440

16、045“，c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053c+;intb=3;表三：串的索引存储示意图串名串头位置串长100200300400500600700800900000000070009004B0018001F0026002C0042729977622(20)23.字符串的修改操作例如：在串名为100的字符串中“mian()”中的“ia”改成“ai”形成新的字符串“main()”。此时：表一：字符串内容表100200300400500600700800900main()int a = 5;int b =3;

17、c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d ”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmain() inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C0

18、02D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045“，c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100520053c+;intb=3;表三：串的索引存储示意图串名串头位置串长100200300400500600700800900000000070009004B0018001F0026002C00427299776202(三)行级的操作1.插入行操作例如：在串

19、名为400的行后面插入新的字符串“int c, d ; ”，此时命名为450，则有：表一：字符串内容表100200300400450500600700800900main()int a = 5;int b =3;int c , d;c = a + b;c = m + +;d = c + + ;printf(“% d % d ”,c ,d );表二：字符串在计算机中的存储样式(蓝色表示不能被访问的空间)0000000100020003000400050006000700080009000A000B000C000Dmain() inta000E000F0010001100120013001400150016001700180019001A001B=5；b=3;c=a+001C001D001E001F0020002100220023002400250026002700280029b;c=m+;d=c+002A002B002C002D002E002F00300031003200330034003500360037;printf(“%d%d00380039003A003B003C003D003E003F004000410042004300440045“，c,d);d=0046004700480049004A004B004C004D004E004F0050005100