考研英语真题试题.docx

1、考研英语真题试题2011年硕士研究生入学考试考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections： Read the following text. Choose the best word （ s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as y exerci“seapbreocdiiol us tohealth. B”ut _1_some clai

2、ms to the contrary， laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does _2_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels， _3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to _4_， a good laugh is unlikely to have _5_ benefits th

3、e way， say， walking or jogging does._6_， instead of straining muscles to build them， as exercise does， laughter apparently accomplishes the _7_， studies dating back to the 1930 s indicate that laughter_8_ muscles， decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reac

4、tion might conceivably help _9_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway ， the act of laughing probably does produce other types of _10_ feedback， that improve an individual emsotional state. _11 one classicaltheory of emotion， our feelings are partially rooted 12_ physical reactions. Itwas argued

5、 at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _13_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also 14_ tear，s evidence suggests that emotions can flow_15_ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 198，8social psychologist Fritz Strack of the Univer

6、sity of w rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to _16 apen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile -or with their lips , which would produce a（n） _17_ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frow

7、n， 19_ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the otherway around _20_ ， the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1. Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike2. Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce3. Astabilizing Bboosting Cimpairing Ddetermining4. Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve5.

8、 Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenewable6. AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief7. Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected8. Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes9. Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance10. Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious Dinternal11. AExcept for BAccording to CDue to DAs

9、 for12. Awith Bon Cin Dat13. Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause14. Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses15. Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond16. Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold17. Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent18. Aad apted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted19. Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsupposing20. A

10、Eventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConverselySecti on II Read ing Comprehe nsionPart ADirections： Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each textby choosing A B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 pointsText 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan G

11、ilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hoorayist! ” wrote Anthony Tommasini, asober-sided classical-music critic.One of the r

12、eas ons why the appo in tme nt came as such a surprjsehowever, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert s appo in tme nt in the Timesalls him “ an un prete ntious musicia n with no air of the formidable con ductor about him. ” As a descripti on of the

13、n ext music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as fai nt praise. For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great con ductor or eve n a good one. To be sure he perfo

14、rms an impressive variety of interesting compositions but it is not n ecessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or any where else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf; or boot up my computer and dow nl oad still more recorded music from iTun es.Devoted co

15、n certgoers who reply that record ings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public , classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses dance troupes, theater compa ni es, and museums but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are chea p available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today s liv