汽车英语二教材.docx

1、汽车英语二教材Unit one Basic structure of automobile Differential Propeller shaft Steering wheel Rear axle Clutch Cylinder TorqueInternal combustion enginePower stroke Power train Electrical system Fuel system Exhaust system Cooling system Lubrication system Air fuel mixture Gear sector Pitman arm Drag lin

2、k Steering knuckle arm King pin Tie rod Front axle Steering knuckle By means of Brake drum Brake shoe Brake lining Service brake Parking brake Roof panel Instrument panel Luggage compartment 差速器传动轴方向盘后桥 ，后轴离合器气缸转矩内燃机做功冲程传动系统 电器系统燃料排气冷却润滑可燃混合气扇形齿轮转向摇臂 直拉杆转向节臂主销转向横拉杆前桥 前轴转向节用 依靠制动鼓 制动蹄片 制动衬片行车制动器驻车制动器

3、顶板 顶盖仪表板行李舱Structure Chassis ConvertPropel ExhaustLubricationIgnitionStrokeAssembleSuspensionSteer BrakeMechanismTransmitTorqueTransmissionClutch DifferentialWormBalanceHydraulic RetardFender BumperCircuit Battery构造地盘转变推进 排气润滑点燃 点火冲程安装 装配悬架驾驶制动机械机构传动转矩 扭矩变速器离合器差速器蜗杆使平衡液压的 使减速挡泥板汽车保险杠 电路 线路 电池翻译 （一）T

4、he primary purpose of the suspension system is to support the weight of the vehicle。 The basic job of the suspension system is to absorb the shocks caused by irregular（不规律的） road surfaces that would otherwise be transmitted to the vehicle and its occupants ,thus helping to keep the vehicle on a cont

5、rolled and level course ,regardless of road conditions . 悬架系统的主要目的是支撑车辆的重量 悬架系统的基本作用是吸收路面不平引起的冲击和振动，使其不会传递给车辆和乘客， 这样 不管路况如何 ，都能使车辆具有可控制的，水平的行驶路线。（二） 1 转向系统用来控制车辆的驾驶方向 。The steering system is used to control the driving direction of the vehicle 2 地盘包括 传动系统 悬架系统 转向系统 和制动系统。 The chassis includes the po

6、wer train , suspension, steering, and brake systems 3 汽车电器系统向汽车提供照明和驱动电力 The electrical system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile 4虽然发动机在设计上有些不同 但是在构造上基本是相同的 Automobiles are basically the same in structure , although they are quite different in design 5 发动机的类型有很种 但最常见的是内燃机 there

7、are various types of engines ,but the most common type is the internal combustion engine.（三）问答1 What are the four basic sections of an automobile? -They are engine chassis body and electrical system.2Whats the function of the exhaust system? -The exhaust system is used to conduct the burned gases to

8、 the rear of a vehicle and into the air , quiet the exhaust noise ,and , in most cases, reduce the pollutants in the exhaust.3 Whats the function of the cooling system ?-The function of the cooling system is to removes excessive heat from the engine components.4 Whats the function of the power train

9、 ?-The function of the power train is to transmit torque from the engine to the drive wheels and change torque and rpm in magnitude and direction .5 Whats the function of the electrical system?-The function of the electrical system is to supply lighting and driving power for the automobile . Unit tw

10、o Components of the engine Cylinder Oil pan Piston ring Ignition distributor Automatic transmission Connecting rod Exhaust valve Water jacketcompression stroke spark plug secureboltnutfasteneraluminumcrankcasebearingcrankshaftpistonturbulenceleakagedepositvibrationrevolveEliminateRadiallyBoreInertia

11、RimEngage气缸油盆活塞环点火分电器自动变速器连杆排气阀水套压缩冲程火花塞紧固螺栓螺母紧固件 铝曲柄箱轴承曲轴活塞涡流 动荡渗漏 泄露沉积 淤积 振动 振动 颤动旋转 转动消除径向地内径 钻孔惯性 惯量边缘 轮缘连接 结合Water pumpClutch housingPiston headPiston ring Piston landPiston skirtPiston pin hole Ring grooveConnecting rod Bearing journal Crank arm Counter balanced weight Flywheel end Gear teeth

12、Starter motor Automatic transmission Torque converter Electric motorSteam engineIn honor of Intake valve Exhaust valve SpinCrank水泵离合器壳活塞顶部活塞环活塞槽岸活塞裙部活塞销孔环槽连杆支撑轴颈曲柄臂平衡块 平衡重量曲轴的飞轮端齿轮起动机自动变速器液力变矩器电动机蒸汽机进气阀进气阀排气阀快速旋转曲柄翻译（一）Depending on the type of engine ,the operating cycle may require either two or fo

13、ur strokes to complete .The 4-stroke engine is also called Otto cycle engine ,in honor of the German engineer ,Dr. Nikolaus Otto, who first applied the principle in 1876 .In the 4-stroke engine ,four stroke of the piston in the cylinder are required to complete one full operating cycle .Each stroke

14、in named after the action it performs _intake, compression, power ,and exhaust .根据发动机的类型，工作循环需要24个冲程来完成。四冲程发动机也叫奥托循环发动机，以此纪念德国工程师尼古拉斯-奥托博士，他于1876年首次运用这个原理。在四冲程发动机中，需要气缸中活塞的4个冲程来完成一个完整的工作循环。每个冲程都以其完成的工作来命名进气冲程，压缩冲程，做功冲程以及排气冲程。（二）1 The engine block forms the main framework ,or foundation of the engine

15、 .发动机气缸体构成了发动机的主要框架或者基础。2 The piston is composed of piston head ,piston rings ,piston lands ,piston skirt and piston pin hole .活塞由活塞顶部 ，活塞环，活塞环槽岸，活塞裙部以及活塞销孔组成。3 The connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft at one end (big end )and to the piston at the other end (small end)连杆的一端（大头）与曲柄连接，另一端（小头）与

16、活塞连接。4 There are various types of engine such as electric motors steam engines ,and internal combustion engines.有各种各样的发动机，像电动机 蒸汽机 和内燃机。5 The internal combustion engine burns fuel within cylinders and converts expanding force of the combustion rotary force used to propel the vehicle .内燃机在汽缸内燃烧燃料，并把内

17、燃所产生的膨胀力转变成旋转力用以推动车辆前进。6 The engine block forms the main framework or foundation of the engine 发动机气缸体组成了发动机的主要框架或基础。7 A crankshaft must be provided with counter balanced weights that extend radially from the crankshaft centerline in the opposite direction of the crank arms 曲轴必须装有平衡块，而且平衡块应径向的从曲轴中心线向

18、曲柄臂相对的方向延伸安装。8 The connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft at one end (big end )and to the piston at the other end (small end).连杆的一端（大头）与曲轴连接，另一端（小头）与活塞连接。9 In the 4-stroke engine ,four strokes of the piston in the cylinder are required to complete one full operating cycle.在四冲程发动机中，需要气缸中活塞的四个冲程

19、来完成一个完整的工作循环。（三）问答：1 whats the use of the engine block?_The engine block form the main framework or foundation of the engine .2 which component is the connecting rod attached to?_The connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft at one end (big end)and to the piston at the other end(small end).3 what

20、 is the function of the flywheel?_The function of the flywheel is to keep the engine the running smoothly between power strokes.4 What does the internal combustion engine mean?_The internal combustion engine burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rota

21、ry force used to propel the vehicle .Unit Three Engine fuel system.Fuel system Fuel injector Sensor Throttle valve Carburetor Pressure regulator Fuel filter Combustion chamber Fuel tank Multipoint fuel injection 燃油系统喷油嘴传感器节气门 油门化油器 压力调节器燃油滤清器燃烧室燃油箱多点燃油喷射翻译（一） The carburetor used on gasoline engine i

22、s a metering device that mixes fuel with air in the correct proportion and delivers this mixture to the intake manifold ,where it delivers the air-fuel mixture to the various combustion chambers.Most carburetors contain six basic systems; the float system idle system, main metering system, power sys

23、tem, pump system ,and choke system.汽油机上有的化油器是个计量装置，它将燃油和空气以正确的比例混合，并将混合气输送至进气歧管，从歧管处，可燃混合气再进入到不同的燃烧室。多数化油器含有6个基本系统；浮子系统，主计量系统、功率加浓系统、加速泵系统和阻风门系统。（二）1 The major parts of the fuel system include the fuel tank ,fuel pump ,fuel filter ,carburetor and fuel lines.燃油系统主要包括油箱 燃油泵 燃油滤清器 化油器和油管。2 A fuel tank

24、is used to store the fuel oil 油箱是用来储存燃油的。3 The function of the fuel pump is to deliver the fuel oil from the tank to the carburetor and fuel lines .输油泵的作用是把燃油从燃油箱的输送至化油器。4 There are two types of gasoline engine pumps: mechanical fuel pump and electric fuel pump.汽油机的书友泵有两种：机械输油泵和电子输油泵。5 EFI supplies

25、an accurate air/fuel ratio to the engine no matter what operating condition are encountered.在发动机的所有工况下，电子控制燃油喷射系统均能提供一个准确的空燃比。（三）1 Fuel is drawn from the tank by a vacuum and sent to the carburetor 燃油被一真空装置从油箱中吸入并送到化油器。2 Fuel system that have electric fuel pumps and fuel injectors may use a fuel pre

26、ssure regulator to keep the fuel pressure constant. 使用电动燃油泵和喷油器的燃油系统会采用燃油压力调节器来保持油压恒定。3 EFI supplies an accurate air-fuel ratio to the engine no matter what operating conditions are encountered.在发动机的所有工况下，电子控制燃油喷射系统均能提供一个准确的空燃比。（四）问答1 Whats the function of the fuel system?-The function of the fuel s

27、ystem is to store supply fuel to the cylinder chamber where it can be mixed with air , vaporized ,and burned to produce energy.2 Please name the major parts that make up the fuel system - The major parts of the fuel system include the fuel tank , fuel pump ,fuel filter ,carburetor and fuel lines.3 W

28、hats the function of the fuel pump?-The function of the fuel pump is to draw the fuel from the tank through fuel lines and delivers it through a fuel filter to either a carburetor or fuel injector,then delivers it to the cylinder chamber for combustion.4 Whats the function of the carburetor? -The ca

29、rburetor used on gasoline engine is a metering device that mixes fuel with air in the correct proportion and delivers this mixture to the intake manifold, where it delivers the air-fuel mixture to the various combustion chambers . Unit Four Engine Exhaust system Exhaust system Catalytic converter Ex

30、haust pipe Burned gas Tail pipe Back pressure Muffler Crossover pipe Exhaust manifold Resonator 排气系统催化净化器排气管已燃气体尾管回受压力消声器交叉管排气歧管辅助消声器翻译（一）Many types of exhaust pipe are used on vehicles. Some are shaped to go over the rear axle ,allowing the rear axle to move up and down without bumping into the exhaust pipe ;some shaped to bend around under the floor of the vehicle ,connecting the catalytic converter with the muffler, The shape depends on the configuration and size of the engine ,and undercarriage of