初中八年级unit4教案.docx

1、初中八年级unit4教案Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重点词汇mad anymore message suppose hard-working nervous envelope semester true disappointing lucky copy own poor village graduate volunteer ruralarea meter thinate fortunately decisionhusband dormitory seniorstart influence returnhometown Greenpeace border

2、danger重点词组1. direct speech 直接引语 2. reported speech 间接引语 3. first of all 首先4. for now暂时5. be nervous, get nervous 紧张6. send(give) ones love to sb. 向问好7. end-of-year exams 期末考试8. on Friday night 星期五晚上9. be (get) mad at =be angry with 生气10. work on (at) 致力于11. pass on to传递 给12. notanymore = no more 不再1

3、3. be good at = do well in 擅长于14. be supposed to 被期望或被要求15. in good health 身体健康15. report card 成绩单16. take a message 捎口信真的不掉线吗？、？17. in a poor mountain village 在贫困山区18. rural areas 落后地区19. three times a day 一天三次20. have a surprise party 悄悄举行一个聚会21. Im sorry to hear that 听到难过22. make money 赚钱23. lose

4、 money 亏钱24. senior high school 高级中学25. in the city of在市26.in poor countries 贫困国家27.work as 作为工作28.in the childrens lives 在孩子们的一生中29.in danger 处于危险中30.in (on)the soap opera 在肥皂剧里31.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉做32.tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做33.have a big fight 大吵一架34.on business 因公事38.pretend to do sth.

5、假装做39.do better 有待提高，做得更好40.copy ones homework 抄作业41.sick people 病人42.tell the truth 讲真话（实话）43.tell a lie 说谎44.How is it going? 情况怎样（你好吗）？45.get over 克服，恢复，原谅46.the Ministry 教育部47.Chinese Young Pioneer 中国少年先锋队48. sea level 海平线49. open up打开50. care for 照料，照顾51. a homework project 家庭作业52. be surprised

6、 to do sth. 做感到惊讶53. have a hard time 艰难的时候真的不掉线吗？、？54. Peking University 北京大学55. UNICEF (=United Nations International Childerns Emergency Fund) 联合国儿童基金会56. WWF （=World Wildlife Fund）世界野生动物基金会重点句子1. What are some soap operas you know? 你知道哪些肥皂剧？a.此句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，you know (前面省略了关系代词that)是定语从句，修饰先行词so

7、ap operas. Mr. Brown is the right man that fits the jobs.b.Some 在此句中为形容词，表示一些不确定的数量，一般来说，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句，但当说话者想得到对方的肯定回答时，要用some.Would you like some water? -Yes,please.2. Do you ever watch soap operas?你曾看过肥皂剧吗？ever (一般用于疑问句)表示“曾，曾经”Have you ever been to Beijing?3.Im mad at Marcia.mad adj. 生

8、气的；气愤的 构成结构：be mad at sb.意为“生某人的气”也可用be mad with sb. eg: 我妈妈很生我的气，因为我没有完成家庭作业。 My mother is _ _ me because I didnt finish my homework.4. She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.她说她星期五晚上要为拉娜举办一个惊喜晚会。5.Lina thinks shes coming to my house to study.拉娜想她要到我家来学习。Be coming 是现在进行时表

9、示将来的意义。 英语中，come, go, leave等词的现在进行时可表示将来。The No.3 bus is coming.3路车要过来了。6.Lina said she wasnt mad at Marcia anymore.Anymore 用于疑问句，意为“再，还”；用于否定句，相当于any more,侧重于今后不再。He doesnt come here anymore.辨析：notanymore=notany more=no more “不再”，多用于数量和程度上的不再，多于瞬间性动词连用。The baby didnt cry any more=The baby no more c

10、ried.Notany longer =no longer 不再，多用于时间上的不再，多于延续性动词连用。He didnt live here any longer= He no longer lived here.7.You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it.return v.“归还” 相当于 give back 真的不掉线吗？、？短语：换给某人某物 return sb. sth.= give sth. back to sb.suppose v. 假定；认为；期望 短语：be supposed to do sth. = sho

11、uld do sth. “应该、理应或必须做某事“ be not supposed to do sth. = shouldnt do sth. “不被许可或不应当做某事 eg:Lucy was supposed to come to lunch. Whats happened? 露西本该来吃午饭。出什么事了。 You are not supposed to play football in the classroom. 在教室里是不允许踢足球的。8. You want Jim to pass this message to Ann.Pass v.传递 pass sth. to sb.=pass

12、 sb. sth. 把某物传给/递给某人。Pass the paper to me,please.请把纸递给我。message 是可数名词，“消息，信息”Here is a message for you.这儿有你的信息。message 的常用搭配give a message to sb. 给某人捎个信儿 a written message 书面通知leave a message for sb. 给某人留个信儿 receive a message from sb.收到某人的信息send a message to sb.给某人发个信息9. Im good at speaking,be good

13、at 擅长，在方面做得好 be good for 对有益，be bad for 对有害辨析：be good at 较笼统地指某一方面有特长、很优秀。He is good at maths, but he didnt do well in the last exam.do well in 特指某一次活动或某一件事情中做得好或做得出色或指学校功课、成绩好Tom did very well in that English teat.10. I had a really hard time with science this semester这学期我的科学课确实学得很吃力Have a hard tim

14、e with sth./doing sth. 意为“做某事费了好大的劲”The new teacher had a hard time with the naughty boys.I had a hard time passing my math exam.11.Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas.每年他们派100名志愿者到中国偏远的地区去支教。send 表示“派，送，寄” send sb. to do sth.派某人做某事 Many parents want to send their chil

15、dren to study abroad.真的不掉线吗？、？send for派人去请，派人去叫He is ill; please send for a doctor.send away 撵走，开除The boss sent him away.send up发射Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.12.Her village was 2000 meters above sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.她所在的村庄在海拔2

16、000米。起初，稀薄的空气让她感到恶心。above 在之上，超过,仅表示位置关系，不直接接触另一物，反义词，belowWe were flying above the clouds.on 在上边（表面接触），反义词beneathThere is an eraser on the desk.over 在正上方，指一个物体在另一个物体的垂直上方There is a bridge over the river.辨析：at first 相当于at the beginning，表示“当初，起初”与后来发生的事向对照At first I didnt want to go, but I soon chang

17、ed my mind.first of all表示“首先,最重要的”，说明顺序，是时间上或一系列行动的开始，后面往往接next,then等。 First of all ,open the windows,then turn off the gas.13.Cares for wild animals in danger关注濒危的野生动物care for “照料，照顾”，同义词:take care of /look afterdanger n.危险，威胁；in danger“处于危险之中”。反义词：out of danger“脱离危险”Some animals are in danger.语法:

18、直接引语和间接引语 (一) 直接引语的特点（1）被引用的话放在引号内；（2）被引用的话是原话，不做任何改动；（3）引用的话之前用“，”；（4）引用的话结束后，需用“.”、“!”、“?”等标点符号；（5）引出直接引语的引述动词常为:say（说道），ask(问道)，shout (喊道)，cry(喊道)，order(命令)，add(补充道)，smile（微笑道），laugh（大笑道），等“Mary will give me a nice present,”Bobbie said.博比说：“玛丽要给我一件精美的礼物。”真的不掉线吗？、？Lisa asked，“Can someone help me?”

19、丽莎问：“有人能帮我吗？”David said to me ,“I have been ill since last week.”大卫对我说：“自上周以来，我一直生病。”The girl smiled,“Im delighted to see you again.”姑娘微笑道：“我很高兴再次见到你。”（二）间接引语的特点（1）在引述谓语和被引用的话语之间不用逗号、冒号、引号等；（2）有时态的变化；（3）有人称、时间、地点等的变化；（4）常用的引述动词：say（说道），ask(问道)，shout (喊道)，cry(喊道)，order(命令)，add(补充道)，smile（微笑道），laugh（大

20、笑道），等Mill said that he would stay in China for another year.米尔说，他将在中国再待一年。Lily told me that she had phoned you.莉莉告诉我，她给你打过电话。The girl asked me if I could help her 小姑娘问我，是否能帮他。Tom asked Jim when they would start off.汤姆问吉姆，他们什么时候出发。 (三) 直接引语变间接引语的方法1.从句人称的变化由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1） 直接引语的主

21、语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg: They said,“We will go there by bus”他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。 They said they would go there by bus.他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。 He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” He said that he was visiting his aunt next week. Li lei said ,“I like English very much.” Li lei said (that)she liked En

22、glish very much. George said ,“The red car is mine.” George said (that) the red car was his.2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg: She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？” She asked me if /whether I was interested in science.她真的不掉线吗？、？问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。 He said to me,“You are ha

23、rd-working.” He told me that I was hard-working. I asked him，“Will you stay at home or go to school?”I asked him if /whether he would stay at home or go to school. 3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。 eg: His mother said to me,“ He cant go to school.”他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。 His mother told me that he couldnt

24、go to school. 他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。The teacher said,“They studied very hard.”The teacher said (that) they studied very hard.2.从句时态的变化1） 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态保持不变。 eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。 He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态

25、要做相应的变化(相应的向前推一个时态)。 一般现在时改为一般过去时； 现在进行时改为过去进行时； 一般将来时改为过去将来时。Tina said，“I usually get up at six.” Tina said she usually got up at six.Nina told me,“ Lisa is studying abroad.” Nina told me that she was studying abroad.Lily said to me,“I will see you at the same place tomorrow.”Lily said to me that s

26、he would see me at the same place the next day. 注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。 The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound. Our teacher said,“All work no play makes Jack a dull boy.” O

27、ur teacher told us that all work no play makes Jack a dull boy.我们老师告诉我们，只顾学习不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。注:真的不掉线吗？、？ 直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时3.指示代词的变化直接引语中的this在变为间接引语时应改为that, these改为those.Toby said to me ,“This is the School Computer Centre.”Toby said to me that was the

28、School Computer Centre.4.句型的变化1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。主句引述动词主要为：say (说) ，tell(告诉) ，repeat (重复)，answer (答到)，reply (答复)，explain (解释说)，think （认为），believe（相信，认为）， suggest （建议），advise（建议）. eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。 He said that he liked watching TV.2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时

29、，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He asked me,“ Will you buy the red coat?” 他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗？” He asked me if/whether I would buy the red coat.3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。 eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?” 她问：“你从哪里来的？” She asked me where I was from.4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定.原主句引述动

30、词say需改为:ask(让)，tell(告诉)，order(命令)，beg(乞求)，warn(警告)，advise(建议)等。如：tell( ask , order ,) sb. (not) to do sth. eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me. The teacher told me to open the door.“Dont open the door.” The teacher said to me.The teacher told me not to open the door.5.时间状语的变化真的不掉线吗？、？直接引语 间接引语now 现在then那时 today今天that day那天this evening今晚that evening那天晚上yesterday昨天the day before前天yesterday morning昨天上午the morning before前天早晨last night昨天晚上the night before前天晚上two days ago两天前two days before两天前next week 下周the next week/the following