1、英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解 YUKI was compiled on the morning of December 16, 2020英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解反义疑问句一、反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句。反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。1.陈述部分为肯定式 + 疑问部分为否定式(如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式) . She was ill yesterday, wasnt she Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he2.陈述部分为否定式 +
2、疑问部分为肯定式(陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定式。). He cant ride a bike, can he Some plants never blown (开花), do they 二、附加疑问句(一)主语的选择1陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister, arent I?注:当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如: I find En
3、glish very interesting, dont you I dont like that film, do you 2当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they,亦可用he,如: Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they Nobody wants to go there, does he 3当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everythin
4、g, nothing, anything, something时,附加疑问句中的主语一般用it,如: Everything seems all right now, doesnt it Nothing is kept in good order, is it Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it 4当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they,如: This is important, isnt it That isnt correct, is it These
5、are your friends Tom and Jack, arent they 5如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合下可以用you或he,如: One cant be too careful, can one或can you One should do his duty, shouldnt he 6当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如: Theres no help for it, is there Theres something wrong, isnt there 7当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分
6、一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如: She says that I did it, doesnt she I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I 但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。 I suppose that hes serious isnt he I dont think she cares, does she 8当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:
7、 Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he 9在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分的主语一般用you。如: Dont open the door, will you Give me some cigarettes, can you Take a rest, why dont you 但以lets开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will yo
8、u。如: Lets have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we Let us go out for a rest, will you 10陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如: Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it Between six and seven will suit you, wont it Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
9、(二)谓语动词的选择1当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustnt。如: You must work hard next term, mustnt you I must answer the letter, mustnt I 但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如: You must have made a mistake, havent you They must have seen the film last week, didnt they He must be in the lib
10、rary, isnt he 2当陈述部分含有used to时,疑问部分可用usednt或didnt。如: The old man used to smoke, didnt /usednt he Tom used to live here, usednt /didnt he 3当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分用oughtnt或shouldnt。如: He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he We ought to read this book, oughtnt/ shouldnt we 4当陈述部分含有情态动词dare或need时,疑问部分
11、常用 need /dare +主语。We need not do it again, need we He dare not say so, dare you?但当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?5当陈述部分含有had better时,疑问部分用hadnt。 如: Youd better finish your homework now, hadnt you 6感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如: What a clever boy, isn
12、t he What a lovely day, isnt it 7陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时,附加疑问句用may,且用肯定形式。如: I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?8当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如: You have a new bike, havent you(或dont you) She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she?9陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.
13、),疑问部分常用dont +主语(didnt +主语)。如:We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?10陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。如:He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?11陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。如:Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?12 陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列
14、主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如: Oh, he is a writer, is he Youll not go, wont you (三)反义疑问句的回答对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。例:He likes playing football, doesnt he 他喜欢踢足球,是吗Yes, he does.
15、/ No, he doesnt. 是的,他喜欢。/ 不是,他不喜欢。当陈述句部分是否定结构,附加疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反。这种回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。反义疑问句练习1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _ A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she
16、 2. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _ A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he 4. He seldom came here, _ Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ A.
17、 does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it 7. One cant be too modest, can _ A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didnt he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. aint I 11. He cant be her father, _ he A. is B. i
18、snt C. can D. cant 12. They have no time to visit the museum, _ A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they 14. Youd better go at once, _ you A. hadnt B. did C. didnt D. dont 15. Youd rather work than play, _ you A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. didnt D. mustnt 16. You dare not do that, _ you A. dont
19、B. do C. dare D. darent 18. He dislikes the two subjects, _ he A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isnt 19. These tools are useless now, _ A. are they B. arent they C. is it D. isnt it 20. He used to get up at 6:30, _ he A. didnt he B. did he C. used he D. wouldnt he 22. He ought to win the first prize, _ he
20、 A. mustnt B. oughtnt C. shouldnt D. Both B and C. 23. Lets go there by bus, _ A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. will you 24. Let us go to play football, _ A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 25. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _ A. will you B. shall we C. wont
21、you D. do you 26. Lets go shopping this afternoon, _ All right. A. will we B. shall we C. dont we D. are we 27. Pass me the dictionary, _ Yes, with pleasure. A. would you B. will you C. wont you D. wouldnt you 30. There is little water in the glass, _ A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 32
22、. There wont be any concert this Saturday evening, _ A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. wont 33. I guess she taught herself Japanese, _ Yes. A. dont I B. did she C. do I D. didnt she 34. I dont believe you are right, _ A. are you B. do you C. wont you D. do 35. She doesnt think that Tom sings best in the class, _ A. does she B. doesnt she C. does he D. doesnt he 37. I know you didnt want to hurt me, _ A. did you B. didnt you C. do I D. dont I 38. If my father were here, he would be very happy, _ A. werent he B. were he C. wouldnt he D. would he
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