1、小学英语冠词介词代词总结一冠词 不定冠词:不定冠词有a 和an 两个常考用法:(1)当第一次提到某人或某物时例:-What is this-its a new bus stop.(2) 指某人或某物,例: A man is waiting for you outside.(3) 用在序数词前,例: Toms son was born in 2000.(4) 用于可视为一体的两个名词前例:a knife and fork(5) 用在某些固定词组中例:a lot (of) 许多a few 一些have a colda number ofhave a good timehave a swim=swi
2、mhave a look=look 定冠词the:既表示“这个”,“那个”,又表示“这些”,“那些”;既可用在单数名词前,也可用于单数名词前。常考用法:(1)特指某(些)例:The lovely girl is my best friend.(2)表示世界上独一无二的事物例:the sun太阳 the moon 月亮 the sky 天空(3)在序数词、形容词最高级前例:Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.(4)习惯用法.例:in the morning in the afternoon in the evening 不使用冠词的特殊情
3、况(1)国名,人名前通常不用冠词例: Im from England and my name is Mary.(2)表示交通工具、例: I usually go to school on foot, but sometimes I go to school by bike.(3)季节、月份、节日例:We go to school from Monday to Friday.(4)在三餐、球类运动例:have breakfastplay chess 玩象棋play basketball二介词 常考时间介词:(1)at:表示具体的点钟或固定搭配中例:at noon, at night, at 7
4、o(2) in: 表示一段时间以用于表示例:in the twenty(3)on:主要用于在星期几例:on MidonJune 1 常考地点介词(1)in, on, to:in 在某一地区之内的某方位to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位on 表示与某地的毗邻关系例:Fujian is in the southeast of China.China is to the west of Japan.(2) at, in, on: at 表示较小的地点in 表示较大的地方on 表示在一个平面上例:at the bus stop, at home;in China, in the world;on the
5、 farm, on the playground. 易混介词辨析(1) in 和on 的区别:on the tree 表示枝、叶果实等长在树上;in the tree 表示人或其他东西在树上;on the wall表示东西粘贴或挂在墙上;in the wall 表示门、窗等嵌在墙上.(2) between 和among 的区别between 常指“在两者之间”;among 用于指“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间”。例: Mary sits between Lucy and Lily.Miss. Wang stands among her students.across 和 through的区别:
6、 across 含有“从表面穿过”之意,表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across;through 含有“从中间穿过”之意。例:He can swim across the river.She had to push her way through the crowd to get her son.三连词:连词是一种虚词,的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词。 并列连词:用来连接具有并列关系的词(1)表并列关系:and, bothand,(2)(2)表选择关系:or, eitheror等。除了表示选择关
7、系外,or 还有“否则”之意。例:Do you like apples or bananasEither you or Jack must come here tomorrow.Hurry up, or youll be late for school.(3)表转折关系:but, yet, while(然而)等。例:The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well.He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us.(4) 表因果关系: for,so 等。例: I had a fever yesterday,
8、 so I didnt want to do anything.He was late, for the traffic is always busy in the morning.注:for 表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用4代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、关系代词和不定代词等。其中我们会重点来复习人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词。 疑问代词:.(1)常见疑问代词:whowhom 谁(指人);whose 谁的;which 哪一个,哪一些;what 什么。在句子中
9、用来构成特殊疑问句。(2)how:如何,怎样how manyHow many people are there in your familyhow much-How much sugar do you wanthow longHow long is your summer holidayhow soon-How soon will you leave Beijing-In two dayshow oftenHow often do you go to yourhow farHow far is it from your school to the post office 不定代词:不指明代替任
10、何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词常用不定代词:(1)一定范围内两人(物): onethe other例:I have two hands. One is left(2) another: 泛指另一个:例: This kind of cake is very delicious. I want another.(3) other: 常用句式some例: There are many people in the park. Some are singing, others are dancing,morning exercise.(4) the others 指剩余的全部,只能指可数名词,指不可数名词应用the rest;(5) both, either, neither, all, any, none(7) 复合不定代词:复合不定代词由some, any, no, every 加上-body, -thing,-one 构成。这些复合不定代词只具有名词性质,用作单数,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。带some 的一般用于肯定句,而带any 的一般用于否定句和疑问句。注:复合不定代词被定语所修饰时,定语必须放在它的后面。例:There is something wrong with the radio.精心搜集整理,请按实际需求再行修改编辑,因文档各种差异排版需调整字体属性及大小
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