四六级翻译练习 2讲解.docx

1、四六级翻译练习 2讲解 中国是一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。汉译英: China is a time-honored multinational country with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has it

2、s unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines,

3、 which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装（costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装 类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困 者的服装则简单朴素

4、，少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜 色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)， 黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。汉译英：Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are mo

5、re popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks usi

6、ng different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silve

7、r represent divinity and Buddhism.孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰， 中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影响比作西方的苏格拉底。汉译英Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confu

8、cianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung. Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history ofChinese thought, compares Confuciusinfluence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.中国经济的高速发展，带来了消费文化的曰益流行，同时也催

9、生了一批具有高学历，充分享受资本主义消费模式的年轻人，他 们习惯于当月工资当月花。因而被称为“月光族”(the moonlight group)。“月光族”一词出现于20世纪90年代后期，是用来讽刺那 些出身富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化(fast food culture)的 年轻人。参考译文Chinas economy is developing very quickly, and has brought with it a culture of consumption more prevalent with each passing day. At the same time, i

10、t has brought into being an educated group of young people who enjoy capitalist consumption way. Theyre used to spending money as soon as they get it every month, and so are called t6the moonlight group”. This word came into being during the 1990s, to make fun of those bom into wealth，who have recei

11、ved a high education, and who appreciate fast food culture.中国扇子的历史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一种扇子叫作“扇汗”(Shanhan),是拴在马车上用来 挡住强烈的阳光，给乘客遮雨的。“扇汗”有点像现在的雨伞。后来 “扇汗”变成了由薄但是结实的丝绸或者鸟的羽毛做成的长柄扇，称为中山扇(Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的仪仗(honour guard)装饰。参考答案:The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 ye

12、ars ago，around the Shang Dynasty. The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the passengers from the rainfall. The Shanhan was a bit like todays umbrella. Later this Shanhan became a long-handled fan made of thin and tough

13、silk or birds5 feathers, called a Zhangshan fan, which was mainly used by the emperors honour guard as decoration.这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报导了_条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。汉译英：A

14、 new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met. On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting

15、 her. In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support. But the laws introduction has proved controversial. Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, s

16、tudy or other opportunities.联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了40%。联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令中国迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个国家。2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。译文：The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that

17、 Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which

18、both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.我们的现代化建设，必须从中国的实际出发。无论是革命还是建设，都要注意学习和借鉴外国经验。但是，照抄照搬别国经验、别国模式，从来不能得到成功。这方面我们有过不少教训。把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来，走自己的道路，建设有中国特色的社会主义，这就是我们总结长期历史经验得出的基本结论。参考答案:Our countrys moderniz

19、ation must start from the reality of China.Either on the revolution or the construction we need to learn and draw the experience from the foreign countries.But we will never win the success if we mechanically copy other countriesexperience or formats.We have already had the lesson in this aspect.It

20、is the basic conclusion which we summarized the long-term historical experience that we should combine the Marxisms univertsal truth with our specific situation together,walking on our own roads and building up the socialism with Chinese characteristic.中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年前，中国就有了茶树(tea- shrub),而且有关茶树的人类

21、文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的 茶和丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)样，在1000年前为世界所知，而且一 直是中国重要的出口产品。目前世界上40多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接 地起源于中国。参考答案:China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China has tea- shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of teaplants can date back two tho

22、usand years. Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an important Chinese export. At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the worlds total outp

23、ut. All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.科学和自然界中一切存在的事物和发生的现象的特点和过程有关。科学包括整个自然界，它精辟地阐述了人类关于各种自然现象是如何彼此联系并如何构成我们所说的宇宙的种种概念的。科学有许多特性，要了解科学是什么，就得详细地考察一下这些性能和特点。有一些作者断言说科学实际上只是一种方法科学的方法。这样的定义是过于简单化了。但是科学方法在决定科学知识的性质方面肯定起着重要的作用参考答案:Science is related to all t

24、he existing things and thecharacteristics and process of the phenomenahappening in nature.Science contains the wholenature,which develpos various penetrating viewsabout human beings conceptions that how variousnatural phenomena are related together and how they constitute our so-called universe.Scie

25、nce has many characteristics.We have to inspect those functions and characteristics indetail if we want to know what the science is.Some authors assert that science in fact is a kindof method-scientific method.This definition is over simplified.But obviously the scientificmethod plays an important r

26、ole in deciding the nature of the scientific knowledge.其实我一点儿不排斥电脑，也享受着它的种种方便快捷，但每当我要给最亲近的人写信时还是喜欢用笔，因为我坚信字是有生命的，有情感的，在书写的同时，我生命的一部分也随之带走了，而打字则像是请人代笔，隔着一层什么，就像打电话时尽管你能清楚地听到对方的呼吸，可有些话就是怎么也说不出来，最后还是得借助笔纸，就是这么神奇，形式的不同、工具的不同，影响到内容的不同。参考答案:Actually I do not reject the computer at all and alsoenjoy its ev

27、ery kind of convenience.But every timewhen I want to write to my closet people,I would liketo use a pen.Because I firmly believe that charactershave their life and emotion.When writing,one part ofmy life is taking away with it.But typing is like hiring people to write for you.It is separated bysomet

28、hing just like although you can clearly hear the breath of the addressee,some words youjust cant say them out at all.At last you have to write with the help of pen and paper.It is somagic that different formats and different tools will influence the difference of context.科学和自然界中一切存在的事物和发生的现象的特点和过程有关

29、。科学包括整个自然界，它精辟地阐述了人类关于各种自然现象是如何彼此联系并如何构成我们所说的宇宙的种种概念的。科学有许多特性，要了解科学是什么，就得详细地考察一下这些性能和特点。有一些作者断言说科学实际上只是一种方法科学的方法。这样的定义是过于简单化了。但是科学方法在决定科学知识的性质方面肯定起着重要的作用参考答案:Science is related to all the existing things and thecharacteristics and process of the phenomenahappening in nature.Science contains the whol

30、enature,which develpos various penetrating viewsabout human beings conceptions that how variousnatural phenomena are related together and how they constitute our so-called universe.Science has many characteristics.We have to inspect those functions and characteristics indetail if we want to know wha

31、t the science is.Some authors assert that science in fact is a kindof method-scientific method.This definition is over simplified.But obviously the scientificmethod plays an important role in deciding the nature of the scientific knowledge.目前，全球变暖是一个热门话题，但是有关全球变暖的各项证 据似乎还有些不同的声音。人们现在已经知道，地球的发展经历了 很多

32、周期(cycle),尽管在历史上还未出现过像今天这样的时代，即 高度工业化(industrialization)产生如此多的污染。全球变暖主要是由 于二氧化碳气体(carbon dioxide)的增多。参考译文Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention about the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never produced an age of so much industrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels.中国城市化(urbani