过去分词作.docx

1、过去分词作过去分词作定语、表语、宾补、状语The Past Participle used As Attribute and Predicative第一讲、过去分词做定语和表语1.English is a widely used language.2.He threw away the broken cup.3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面

2、;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。 spoken English = English which is spoken terrified people = the people who are terrified an organized way = a way that is organized affected area 灾区 = the area which is affected stolen culture relics= culture relics that had been stolen the book recommended by the teacher = th

3、e book which was recommended by the teacher printed articles = articles that are printed1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 定语2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. 定语3) He got interested in the two theories. 表语4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood 表语

4、 Past Participle as the Attribute定语 Past Participle as the Predicative表语1.terrified people1.people who are terrified2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved3.polluted water3.water that is polluted4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowded5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased6. Astonished child

5、ren6.children who look astonished7.a broken vase 7.a vase that is broken8.a closed door8.a door that is closed9.the tired audience9.the audience who feel tired10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped There are many fallen leaves on the ground. = There are many leaves which had fallen on the g

6、round. (地上有许多落叶)Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.= Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. (他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京)及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。 polluted water = water which is polluted rese

7、rved seats = the seats which were reserved trapped animal = the animal which was trapped不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。 boiled water = water which has boiled fallen leaves = the leaves which have fallen risen sun = the sun which has risen 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。 The books, written b

8、y Guo Jingming, are very popular with teenagers. 这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.The book _written by the farmer (一本农民写的书) is very popular.The building built last year (去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan ea

9、rthquake.The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday (在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.The window broken by that naughty boy被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.The children examined in the hospital yesterday昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.The people exposed to the sun (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt.The boy

10、punished severely by the teacher (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student.The water delivered to his home (送到他家的水) carried disease.The English today is quite different from the English spoken in the past 300 years (300年前所说的).Most of the artists invited to the party (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.The

11、 students inspired by the teacher (受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.The Olympic Games, _A_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的

12、动作。first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.Consolidation 巩固1. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying2. With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. se

13、ttled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known4. When I got back, I saw a message _ to the door_ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. pin, read B. pinni

14、ng, reading C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read2）作表语 表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。The window is broken. 窗户碎了。Dont get so excited. 别这么激动。1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。 The glass

15、 is broken. The glass was broken by Tom. The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。 How did the audience receive the new play? They got very

16、excited. How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results. She was very disappointed to hear the result. Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners. 作表语练习：Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to p

17、ay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.1. The rooms are _, so you cant move in. A. painted B. painting C. being painted D. to be painted2. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 3. What he has done is really _.

18、Now his parents are _ him. A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed; disappointing by 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义 现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或完成 a moving movie 感人的电影 a moved audience 被感动的观众 boiling water 正在烧(煮沸)的水 bo

19、iled water 已煮沸的水 developing countries 反展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 falling leaves 落叶(正在进行) fallen leaves 落叶(已经完成)The child standing over there is my brother.The room facing south is our classroom.The book written by Lu Xun is very good.The road completed yesterday is leading to Tibet.第二讲、过去分词作宾补用法

20、归纳英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)一过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语：少说多看）Dont leave such an impo

21、rtant thing undone.Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.二过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：A）表让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做eg: I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.B)表遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受.影响，蒙受. 损失Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old

22、man had his leg broken in the accident.He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)2.make+宾语+过去分词,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.I raised my voice to make myself heard.三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如W

23、hen we got to school,we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.He felt himself cheated.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如The boss wouldnt like the pro

24、blem discussed at the moment.I would like my house painted white.I want the suit made to his own measure.I wish the problem settled.五、过去分词用在“with +宾语宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building

25、,his house looks like a beautiful garden.With everything well arranged,he left the office.六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。eg:He didnt notice me waiting.I heard the song sung in English.I saw him opening t

26、he window.I saw the window opened.I saw him open the window.I heard her sing the song in English. 专项训练1：1._ poor at English, Im afraid I cant make myself _.A.To be;understand B.Im ;to understand C.Being ;understanding D.Being;understood2.I have had my bike _ ,and Im going to have somebody _ my radio

27、 tomorrow.A.repair;to repair B.repairing;to be repaired C.repaired;repair D.to repair;repairing3.You must get the work _ before Friday.A.do B.to do C.doing D.done4._ the room,the nurse found the tape-recorder _.A.Entering;stealing B.Entering;gone C.To have entered; being stolen D.Having entered;to b

28、e stolen5.We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly.A.settled B.having been settled C.be settled D.settling 6.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again.(上海1999）A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired7.It is wise to have some money _ for ol

29、d age.(NMET1996)A.put away B.keep up C.give away D.laid up (put away 放好, 储存.备用, 处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃)8.I dont want the children _ out in such weather.A.take B.to take C.taken D.taking 9.Im afraid that I cant make myself _ be cause of my poor English.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood10

30、.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied (表动作完成）专项训练2：1.We found her greatly _.A.improving B.changed C.to help D.having disturbed2.Jane got her bad tooth _ at the dentists.A.to put in B.pulled out C.pushed out D.drawing out3.When _

31、 ,the museum will be open to the public next year.(上海2002)A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed 4.With a lot of difficulties _ ,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled5.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun( once begun 在句中作状语，b