高二英语知识点语法及练习.docx

1、高二英语知识点语法及练习 高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2 【短语归类】【考点1】含 difference 的短语 make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对某人某事物有没有有些关系(影响) make a difference between 区别对待 make some difference to 对有些(没有)关系 have a difference in character 在性格上有差别例句 It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win. 谁输准

2、赢对我没有什么关系。She makes a difference between her family and herwork. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。【考例1】Im afraid to tell you that the medicine will_ no difference to your illness。so stop taking it. A. take B. make C. get D. do考查目标 此题主要考查 difference 的动词搭配问题。答案与解析B make a difference 是固定搭配。此时不可用其他动词。13. draw (ones) attent

3、ion to sth. 对表示注意 The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport. 经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。 拓展 pay attention to 注意 call ones attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事 turn attention to sth转移注意力到【考点2】与 fire 有关的短语 be on fire 在燃烧 set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧 catch fire 着火 make a fire 生火 light a fire 点火 put ou

4、t a fire 灭火 play with fire 玩火；冒险 be on fire for 因而激动；充满激情 be full of fire 充满激情 under fire 受到攻击例句 The students are on fire for what theyre learning in the computer class. 学生对电脑课的学习内容充满激情。The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。The grass caught fireand the grass was on fire for ashort time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。He wh

5、o plays with fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚(谚语)。辨析: be on fire 表示状态。而 catch fire 则表示动作-其完成时不可和段时间状语连用。【考例2】(2004 全国卷II) The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语辨义。答案与解析B turn down是“调低。拒绝”的意思；put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出

6、”的意思；put away是“收拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩 He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he isperfect. 他一直尊敬他父亲。在他的眼中，他是完美的。拓展 look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人【考点5】后有 to 的动词短语 lead to 通向；导致 look up to 尊敬 stick to 坚持 get used to 习惯于 look forward to 渴望；盼望 get down to 认真做某事 see

7、to 注意；着手办理 pay attention to 注意 devote.to 致力于；投身于 belong to 属于 attend to 照顾；照料 object to 反对 be opposed to 反对 refer to 提到；参阅 contribute to 对有贡献 come to 谈到；涉及 adjust to 适合于例句 The bridge leads to the island. 这座桥通向那个岛。So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading. 该篇文章拼写错误太多

8、，令人看起来非常费劲。Hes such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。He has never felt looked up to. 他从没有觉得有人尊敬他。The day they had been looking forward to came at last.他们渴望的那一天终于到来。The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to get down to our studies. 期末考试就要来了。是我们认真学习的时候

9、了。This machine is out of order; get a mechanic to see to it. 这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。 友情提示：以上短语中的to是介词后接名词或动名词。【考例5】(2004湖北)Once a decision has been made, allof us should _ it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语辨析。答案与解析 B direct本身是及物动词。后不需to。refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅指的是”。 【考点3】与turn有关的

10、短语 turn out 生产；结果是 turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝 turn to 转向；求助于 turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面 turn on / off 打开关上 turn aside 闪开；放在一边 turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等) turn in 上缴；移交 turn against 背叛 turn away (from) 转过脸不看 turn round 转过去例句She turned out six full-length novels in her life.她一生写了6部长篇小说。The beggar turned out

11、 (to be) a thief. 那个乞丐原来是个贼。That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but sheturned them all down. 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，但都被她拒绝了。After he left the university he became a teacher, but later he turned to translation. 他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转而从事翻译工作

12、。We often turn to this handbook for information. 我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料。He promised to come, but hasnt turned up yet. 他答应来，但尚未到。When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to listen to the radio. 感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听收音机。 友情提示：要准确记住不同的搭配，尤其是一个短语有多个意思的。【考例3】(2004浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but

13、 it didnt quite _ as planned. A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义。答案与解析B make out有“弄清楚。明白”的惠思；turn out 的意思是“结果是证明是”；go on 的意思是“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。题意是：我们原来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。【考点4】what 短语 what if 如果将会怎样? what for 为了什么，干什么用 what about. 怎么样?例句 What if she finds out youve

14、lost her book? 如果她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是怎样呢?What did you do that for? 你干吗做那件事?What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?【考例4】(2004全国卷I)- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?- _? A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come考查目标 此题主要考查交际用语。答案与解析 A 根据语境。答语中问的是目的。该句其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子是：I go and empty that

15、 drawer for what。what提前构成疑问句就成了what for 或 for what。词语比较1. observe, watch 当“观察”来讲时，observe相当于watch carefully，尤其用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说，observe含有“察觉到”的意思，watch意为“盯着看”。 watch 还含有“观看(比赛、电视)”等，而observe没有此意。另外，watch还有“照料”之意，相当于take care of。还有“当心”之意，相当于be careful with。 She has observed the stars all her life. 她一生都

16、在观察星星。 Ill watch the baby while you are away. 你不在时，由我照料你女儿。 Youd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief. 你最好当心史密斯先生，我想他是个贼。2. be known for, be known as, be known to be known for 以出了名 (通常不是指同位的关系) be known as 作为出了名 (通常加上职业名词，表同位关系) be known to 为所知 Japan is known for its cars. 日本以它的汽车而闻名。 Luxun

17、is known as a writer. 鲁迅作为作家很出名。 As is known to all, China has four famous invitations. 众所周知，中国有四大著名的发明。3. elect, select, choose elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。 They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。 choose 可用于挑选人或物。 Its hard for me to choose one from s0 many pairs of shoes. 要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。 sel

18、ect 意为精心挑选，多用于物。 She selected a pair of socks to match her suit. 他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。4. burn down, burn up, burn out bum down 指“烧为平地，烧毁”；也指“火力减弱”。 The house was burnt down in an hour. 房子一小时被烧为平地。 bum up 有“烧旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。 Youd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. 你最好往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。 bum out

19、指“火熄灭”。 The fire had burnt out before I returned. 在我回来前，火已经熄灭了。精典题例( )1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. (2004 福建) A. to tell B. be told C. telling D. told 【解析】选B 该题考查不定式做结果状语的用法。不定式前有only，just等词，后跟不定式通常表结果。又因为记者们应该是被告知，所以用不定式的被动式。( )2. Having been in bed f

20、or nearly a month, they had a hard time _ the exam. (2004福建) A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing 【解析】选D 该题考查句型 have a hard time (in)doing。( )3. He hasnt slept at all for three days. _ he is tired out. (2005 湖北) A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way 【解析】选C 依题

21、意“他三天没睡，难怪他累极了。”There is no point in doing sth. 是本单元的句型，意为：做某事没有作用或意义；而There is no need in doing sth. 没有必要做某事；It is no wonder 没什么大惊小怪；It is no way没可能。( )4. The disc digitally _ in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2004上海) A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having reco

22、rded 【解析】选A 通过分析句子，该题句子的谓语显然是sounded，因此recorded只能是非谓语，所以选A，考查过去分词在句中做定语的用法，recorded 相当于 which was recorded。( )5. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003北京) A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While 【解析】选C 句意为“只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心。”even though“即使”；unless“除非”；while“当时候”，它们都同句意

23、不吻合。( ) 6. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the stoma started. (2004北京春季) A. when B. while C. until D. before 【解析】选A 该题考查连词的用法。该句的意思是：当我们正在湖里游泳的时候，突然暴风雨开始了。when表示“这时(突然)”的意思，这种用法when一般放句末。( )7. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$57.65 a barrel on Ap

24、ril 4. (2005山东) A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 【解析】选B 分词在句中做结果状语，可参见本单元的句型6。( )8. _ the pot for me, and dont let the milk come out. Ill be back soon. A. Observe B. Notice C. Watch D. Look out 【解析】选C watch 表示集中精力“照料，监视”，本句意为“帮我看着壶，别让牛奶溢出来。”；observe意为“观察”，表示动作；Notice指“注意到”表示

25、结果；look out后面不能接宾语。高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4【短语归类】【考点3】含 as 的动词短语 experience.as = consider.as = look upon / onas = treat.as 把认为是 act as 担任；起的作用 serve as 当，充当 work as 当，充当 use.as把用作例句 The theory is experienced as very advanced. 这个理论被认为是非常高深的He acted as chairman in my absence. 我不在时他担任主席。He serves as a

26、waiter in a restaurant. 他在一家餐馆里当服务员。【考例 3】Classroom testing, if well down, most certainly _ as a stimulus (刺激) to study and real learning. A. uses B. looks C. acts D. does考查目标 此题主要考查短语动词的辨义问题。答案与解析C 弄清题意。准确地判断空白处的意义。题意是：课堂测试，如果做得好的话，一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用。也就是说，课堂测试可以充当刺激。A项应该使用被动态，B、D两项则不能和 as 构成搭配。2. ca

27、ll up 打电话，唤醒，使人想起 The sound of seagulls called up his happy memories of his childhood. 海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。 Please call me up at five. 请五点叫醒我 (或：五点打电话给我) 已学与 call 常见的搭配还有： call off (取消，挂断电话) call at / on (拜访某地某人) call for (要求，来找某人) call in (召集，召来)【考点4】含 come into 的动词短语 come into being 形成；产生 come into

28、effect / force 开始实施；生效 come into use / service 开始使用 come into power 开始执政；上台 come into view / sight 进入视线 come into fashion 开始流行例句 Romanticism didnt come into being until in the late 18 century in Europe. 浪漫主义运动直到18世纪未期才产生于欧洲。The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 使用安全带的新规定于上周生效。【考例

29、4】 The church gate came into _ as we rounded the next corner. A. being B. service C. effect D. view考查目标 此题主要考查动词搭配问题。答案与解析D 题意：我们又拐了一个弯时，教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘。4. go against 违反，违背(意愿、原则等)；对不利 (无被动形式) Im not to go against my own family. 我不会背离我自己的家人的。 He was afraid that the hattie would go against them. 他害怕那场战

30、斗会对他们不利。6. keep out (of) 挡住，不让进 He closed the window t0 keep the wind out (of the house). 他关上窗户不让风进来(进房子)。 The sign says Keep out! 牌子上写着：“请勿入内!” 类似用法：keep off 别碰，避开 Youd better keep off the sweet food. 你最好少吃甜食。 Keep offthe grass! 请勿践踏草地!【考点 1】含look的短语 look at 看待；考虑；检查 look around / about 环顾 look up 查阅；仰视 look into 调查 look on 旁观 look back on 回顾，回想 look down upon / on 看不起；鄙视 look over 翻阅；复习；检查 look to 照顾；注意 look up to 尊敬 1ook forward to 盼望；预计会有 look out for 提防；当心 look on / upon.as. 把看作 look like 看上去像 loo