初中英语重点知识总结短语及语法结构.docx

1、初中英语重点知识总结短语及语法结构初中英语重点知识总结（短语及语法结构）知识点归纳（一）1 、see，hear，notice，find，feel，listen to，look at (感官动词)+ do eg: I like watching monkeys jump.2 、(比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越3 、a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 补：a place of interest 名胜4 、agree with sb. 赞成某人5、 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种/样6 、all over the world = the

2、whole world 整个 世界7、 along with 同一道，伴随 eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树。8 、As soon as 一就9、 as you can see 你是知道的10、 ask for 求助 向要(直接接想要的东西) eg: ask you for my book11 、ask sb. for sth. 向某人什么12 、ask sb. to do sth. 询问某人某事 ask sb. not to

3、 do sth. 叫某人不要做某事13 、at the age of 在岁时eg：I am sixteen. I am at the age of sixteen.14、 at the beginning of 的起初;的开始15、 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day16、 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 补：at least 至少17、 be /feel confident of sth. /that clause + 从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg: I am / feel c

4、onfident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18、 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19、 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原) 能够eg: She is able to sing. She can sing. 补：base on 以(为)根据20 、be able to do sth. 能够干什么 eg: She is able to sing.21 、be afraid to do (of sth. 恐惧，害怕eg: Im afraed to go out at n

5、ight. Im afraid of dog.22 、be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: Im allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视。23、 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 eg: Dont be angry with me.24、 be angry with (at) sb. for doing sth. 为什么而生某人的气25、 be as 原级 as 和什么一样 eg: She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高。26 、be ash

6、amed to27、 be away from 远离28、 be away from 从离开29 、be bad for 对什么有害eg: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。30 、be born 出生于31、 be busy doing sth. 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth. 忙于32、 be careful 当心;小心 be close to 离很近33、 be different from 和不一样34、 be famous for 以著名35、 be friendly to sb

7、 对某人友好36、 be from = come from 来自eg：He is from Bejing. He comes from Bejing.Is he from Bejing? Does he come from Bejing?37、 be full of 装满的 be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 、be glad + to do/从句 做某事很高兴39 、be going to + v.(原) 打算，计划，准备40、 be good at(+ doing)

8、 = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于41、 be good for 对什么有好处eg: Reading aloud is good for your English.42 、be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 、be helpful to sb. 对某人有好处eg: Reading aloud is helpful to you. 大声朗读对你有好处。Exercising is helpful to your bady. 锻炼对你的身体有好处。44 、be in good health 身体健康45、 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in

9、 trouble They are in tronble46、 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 、be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 、be like 像 eg: Im like my mother.49 、be mad at 生某人的气50 、be made from 由制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 补：be made in 在生产或制造51、 be made of 由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 、be not sure 表不确定53、 be on a visit to 参观54

10、、be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 补：be please with 对感到满意55 、be quiet 安静56、 be short for 表的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 、be sick in bed 生病在床58、be sorry to do sth. be sorry for sb. eg: I am sorry for you.59 、be sorry to hear that60 、be sorry to trouble sb.eg: I am sorry to trouble you.61 、be strict in doing s

11、th. 严于做某事 eg: Hes strict in obeying noles62 、be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves. 这些学生对自己不严格。63 、be strict with sb in sth. 某方面对某人严格64 、be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 、be sure 表确定66 、be sure of doing sth. 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning Engli

12、sh well67 、be sure of sth. 对做某事有信心eg: Im sure of my head (my teacher). 我相信我的大脑(老师)。68 、be sure that sth. 对做某事有信心eg: Im suer that he can pass the test. 我相信他能通过考试。69 、be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事 eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语。70 、be terrified of

13、 + 名/动 doing 害怕71 、be terrified to do sth. 害怕做某事72 、be the same as 和什么一样73 、be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early. 我爸爸习惯早起。He is used to sleeping inclass. 他习惯上课睡觉.He is used to working hard.He is used to hard work. 他习惯努力工作74 、be worth doing 值得做什么75 、be (feel) afraid t

14、o do sth. 害怕做某事be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76、 because + 句子 because of + 短语eg: He was late because he had a headache.He was late because of his headache.77 、begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start with = begin with 以开始eg: Lets begin the game with the song. I begin to go home.78 、between and

15、 两者之间79 、borrow sth. from sb. 向借lend sth. to sb. lend sb. sth. 借给什么东西eg: I borrowed a pen from him. He lent a pen to me (he lent me a pen).80 、both = the same (as) = not different (from) 表相同81 、bother 打扰 bother sb. to do sth. 补：both and 和都eg : Im sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to th

16、e station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 这个问题困扰了我几个周了。Hes bothering me to lend him money.82、 by the end of 到为止83 、call sb. sth. eg: We call him old wang.84 、care 关心eg: Dont you care about this countrys future? 你为什么不关心国家的未来。85 、catch up with sb. 赶上某人86 、chat with sb.

17、 和某人闲谈 take sb. to + 地点 带某人去某地87 、come in 进来88 、come over to 过来89 、come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea? 你能想出一个好办法吗?90 、communicate with sb. 和某人交流91 、consider + doing 考虑做eg: Why not consider going to lu zhou? 为什么不考虑去泸州?92 、dance to 随着跳舞 eg: She likes dancing to the music. 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。9

18、3 、decide to do sth. 决定做某事94 、do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 、do better in 在方面做得更好 补：do well in 在方面干的好96 、do wrong 做错 补：droup off 放下(某物)97、 Dont forget to do sth. 不要忘了做某事。98、 Dont mind +doing /从句 /名词. 不要介意。99 、each + 名(单)每一个eg: Each student has many books. 每一个学生都有一些书。100、 end up + doing知识点归纳（二）1、冠词a/an的用法

19、a用于辅音音素前ausefulbook,auniversity,a“u”,OnceaweekHaveaswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/resthaveacold/headache/fever/coughhaveagoodtimehaveatryinahurryafterawhilekeepadiarygoforawalkinaminuteinawordinashortwhilean则用于元音音素前anhour,anhonestboy,an“AEFHILMNORSX”keepaneyeon2、定冠词the的用法：1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Givemetheboo

20、k.2）上文提到过的人或事：-Doyouknowtheladyinblue?Yes,sheisateacherofauniversity.3）指世上独一物二的事物thesun(sky/moon/earth/world/nature/universe)4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：thedollar美元;Thelionisawildanimal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：therich/poor/blind/aged/living/impossible5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very,same等前面：Iliveonthesecondfloor.6）用在表示身体

21、部位的名词前：Shecaughtmebythearm.7）用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前：SheplaysthepianoviolinguitarinthenorthofChina8）用在普通名词构成专有名词前：thePeoplesRepublicofChinatheUnitedStatestheGreatWalltheSummerPalace9)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：theGreensareplayingthepiano.10)intheday,inthemorning(afternoon，evening),inthemiddle(of),intheend,allthetime

22、atthesametimeonthewhole,bytheway,gotothecinemaatheageofsixatthebeginningofthetwenty-firstcenturyontheothersideofatthemomentthedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water，field，country)inthedark,intherain,3、不用定冠词的情况1)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：China,Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋2）物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加

23、冠词；当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。3）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；ChildrensDayMothersDayFathersDay4）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；Heiscaptainoftheteam.5）在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词如：havebreakfast/supper/lunchplaybasketball/football/volleyball/chessinspring/summer/autumn/winter6）当by与火

24、车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；bybus/train/taxi/bus/ship7）DayandnightfacetofacesidebysidestepbystepwatchTVatschool/work/homeatfirst/lastindangerintroubleonfootondutyonwatchinbedontimeintimegotoschoolgotoworkbytaxi/bikeatnoonatnightonTVattown4、部分词组有无冠词的区别inhospital生病住院inthehospital在医院里infrontof在-的前面inthefron

25、tof在-内部的前面gotoschool上学gototheschool到学校去anumberof=alotof许多，谓语动词用复数。Thenumberof-的数目，-的总数，谓语动词用单数（第三人称单数）名词：专有名词和普通名词（个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词）5、可数名词的单数变复数一般情况加s以s,xshch,等结尾的词加-esbus-buseswatch-watches以o结尾的名词，无生命的加s，如：photo-photospiano-pianos有生命的es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes均可，如：zero-zeros/zeroes以f或fe

26、结尾的名词，去f,fe加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves（加s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs；）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加esbaby-babies不规则：a.单复数形式一样。Sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese.People,police,scissors,trousersb.其他的。footfeettooth-teethChild-childrenmouse-mi

27、ceman-menwoman-womenbusinessman-businessmenGerman-Germanswomendoctors集体名词:People,police,(一般表示一个整体，谓用复数)class,family,glasses6、不可数名词：常见的不可数名词有：information,news,room（空间），work,work,weather,advice,bread,food,milk,tea,ice，glasses,meatAlittle,abitof,some,much,alotof,quitealotof常修饰不可数名词.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如果用

28、and连接两个不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Timeandmoneyare-AcupglassbottleboxkilogroupcrowdclasspairofTwoandahalfkilosof=twokilosandahalfof7、名词所有格在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateachersbook。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加s，如theboysbag，mensroomChildrensDayMothersDayFathersDay2)若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加，如：TeachersDayladiesroomtwentyminuteswalk3）凡不能加s的名词，都可以用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：Thetitleofthesong歌的名字;Apictureoffamily;amapofChina4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：thebarbers理发店。