专业四级考前恶补阅读完型.docx

1、专业四级考前恶补阅读完型专业四级考前恶补-阅读完型 我爱英语网完形填空(一) 宏观上处理好篇章与空格之间的关系完形填空的测试目的是测试学生运用语言的综合能力。完形填空的考试重点是上下文的联系和短语结构的搭配关系。由于考试时间紧，许多考生在回答这部分题的时候，往往不顾整个篇章的结构、大意或文体，一开始就把注意力放在空格选项上，孤立地研究单个选项，这就脱离了文章整体，答题的准确率也会大受影响。 因此，要做好这部分试题考生首先必须大体理解篇章的主要内容、逻辑关系，从而判断出作者的意图及归纳或演绎的思路；另外，考生在答题之前，还要对文章的文体有所了解，这有利于考生根据不同的文体对不同的或相近的选项做出

2、正确的选择。如文学材料、科普文章、新闻报道等由于文体上的不同，它们在用词和句子结构上都有所不同。请看下面例子： Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man. They do not provide energy, _1_ do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for

3、_2_ foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if _3_ is missing, a deficiency disease becomes _4_. 1. A. either B. so C. nor D. never 2. A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 3. A. any B. some C. anything D. something 4. A. serious B. apparent

4、C. severe D. fatal 通读全文后可知，这是一篇有关科普知识的短文，一般来说科普知识文章以客观陈述为突出特点，用词比较正式，句子结构比较严密，因此在选择时要在宏观上考虑到这些因素。比如第四空，从科学常识可知，缺乏任何一种维生素都不至于使疾病严重(serious)、致命(fatal)，故应排除选项A和D。severe（严厉的）不能用来修饰疾病。因此，选B apparent既合乎句意，搭配又得当。 另外，完形填空的空格没有任何一个是孤立地存在的，必须把它们放在文章的语言环境中进行逐个推敲，同时利用自己对各种材料描写、陈述内容的了解，作出正确选择。PART Decide which o

5、f the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. The United States is well known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shorte

6、st possible time. _1_ these wide modern roads are generally _2_and well maintained, with_3_ sharp curves and straight sections, a direct route is not always the most _4_ one. Large highways often pass _5_ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally _6_ large urban

7、 centers, which means that they become crowded with _7_ traffic during rush hours, _8_ the “fast, direct” route becomes a very slow route. However, there is almost always another route to take _9_ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the _10_ new “superhighways”, there are often older, _11_ heavily

8、traveled roads which go through the countryside. _12_ of these are good two lane roads; others are uneven roads curving through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high _13_ , or down frightening hillside to towns _14_ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes,

9、longer and slower, they generally go to places _15_ the air is clean and scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh, clean view of the world. 1. A. Although B. Since C. Because D. Therefore 2. A. stable B. splendid C. smooth D. complicated 3. A. little B. few C. much D. ma

10、ny 4. A. terrible B. possible C. enjoyable D. profitable 5. A. to B. into C. over D. by 6. A. lead B. connect C. collect D. communicate 7. A. large B. fast C. high D. heavy 8. A. when B. for C. but D. that 9. A. unless B. if C. as D. since 10. A. relatively B. regularly C. respectively D. reasonably

11、 11. A. and B. less C. more D. or 12. A. All B. Several C. Lots D. Some 13. A. rocks B. cliffs C. roads D. paths 14. A. lying B. laying C. laid D. lied 15. A. there B. when C. which D. where PART SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION25 MIN.In this section there are four passages followed by fifteen questi

12、ons or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer. Mark your choice on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT A Before the mid 1860s, the impact of the railroads in the United States was limited, in the sense that the tracks end

13、ed at this Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At the point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stagecoaching, and steamboating did not come to an end when the first train appeared;

14、 rather they became supplements or feeders. Each new “end of track” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be covered by the older, slower, and more costly means. Wagon freighters continued operating thr

15、oughout the 1870s and 1880s and into the 1890s. Although over constantly shrinking routes, and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a major change was foreshadowed in the later 1860s, when the Union Pacific Railroad at last be

16、gan to build westward from the Central Plains city of Omaha to meet the Central Pacific Railroad advancing eastward from California through the formidable barrier of the Sierra Nevada. Although President Abraham Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railroad bill in 1862 and a revised, financially muc

17、h more generous version in 1864, little construction was completed until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging and thinly settled a stretch of desert, mountain, and semiarid plain could pay a profit.

18、In the words of an economist, this was a case of “premature enterprise”, where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill, the chair of the congressional committee bluntly stated that without government subsidy n

19、o one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together. 16. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860s as “limited” because _ . A. the track did not take the direct route from one city to the next B. passengers and freig

20、ht had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinations C. passengers preferred stagecoaches D. railroad travel was quite expensive 17. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded? A. They developed competing routes. B. Their drivers ref

21、used to work for the railroads. C. They began to specialize in private investment. D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them. 18. Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17? A. To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken. B. To identif

22、y a historically significant mountain range in the West. C. To point out the location of a serious train accident. D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific. 19. The word “subsidy” in line 27 is closest in meaning to _ . A. persuasion B. financing C. explanation D. penalty TE

23、XT B Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, fe

24、eds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets? For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live att

25、ached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present. Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black

26、to reddish brown to sand color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber shapedhence their nameand because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from p

27、redators and ocean currents. Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic ratefeeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms that provid their food have a chance to multip

28、ly. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence. But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all

29、 its internal organs into water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted. 20. According

30、 to the passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important? A. It helps them to digest their food. B. It helps them to protect themselves from danger. C. It makes it easier for them to move through the mud. D. It makes them attractive to fish. 21. The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily disc

31、usses _ . A. the reproduction of sea cucumbers B. the food sources of sea cucumbers C. the eating habits of sea cucumbers D. threats to sea cucumbers existence 22. What can be inferred about the defence mechanisms of the sea cucumber? A. They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli. B. They are al

32、most useless. C. They require group cooperation. D. They are similar to those of most sea creatures. 23. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water? A. A touch. B. Food. C. Unusually warm water. D. Pollution. TEXT C Human beings have used tools fo