长难单词.docx

1、长难单词长难单词.txt不要为旧的悲伤而浪费新的眼泪！现在干什么事都要有经验的，除了老婆。没有100分的另一半，只有50分的两个人。professionalisation prE7feFEnElai5zeiFEn n.职业化，专业化 真题例句 But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication.Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific ac

2、tivity.2001年阅读1 例句精译 但是专业化仅是科学领域内一系列影响交流过程的有关现象之一。另一现象是科学活动的日益职业化。 industrialization in7dQstriElai5zeiFn n.工业化，产业化 真题例句 They (41：admitted) that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the (42：average) man.1998年完形 例句精译 他们承认，从长远的观点来者，工业化极大地提高了普通人的生活水平。 interrelation

3、ship 5intE(:)ri5leiFEnFip n.相互关系，干扰 真题例句 As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.1997年阅读2 例句精译 同任何发达国家一样，一系列复杂的文化特征，信念和习俗构成了美国所有社会交往的基础。 telecommunication 5telikEmju:ni5keiFEn n.电信，电信学 真题例

4、句 Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages.1995 年阅读3 例句精译 电信技术的发展使人们可能通过电视、无线电传送信息，不久之后，通过电子邮件发送的大量信息，将对人们实施信息轰炸。 transcendentalist 7trAnsen5dentElist a./n.先验论者（的） 真题例句 Ralph

5、Waldo Emerson and other transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”2004年阅读4 例句精译 拉尔夫

6、*瓦尔多*爱默生和其他一些先验主义哲学家则认为学校教育和僵化的书本学习会抑制孩子们的天性,“我们被关在中小学和大学的读书室里十年或十五年，最后出来满肚子墨水，却啥都不懂。” controversialist 7kCntrE5vE:FElist n.争论者，好争论者 真题例句 In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of m

7、ixed liberal and conservative views, see the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.2005 年阅读4 例句精译 语言学家约翰麦克沃特喜好争论，他的观点混杂着保守派与自由派的看法，在他的近作做我们自己的事，语言和音乐的退化：我们干吗在乎?!一书中，这位学者认为20 世纪60年代反文化运动的胜利要对正式英语的退化负责。 disproportionate 7disprE5pC:FEnit a.不成比例的 真题例句 By far t

8、he worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations.1995年阅读 4 例句精译 学校里最糟糕的竞争形式就是不恰当的强调考试。 enthusiastically in7Wju:zi5AstikEli ad.热心地，狂热地 真题例句 70. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_.2000 年阅读5 B openly and enthus

9、iastically 例句精译 70、从最后一段我们可总结出：应_拥有雄心。 B 坦诚、热情的 environmentalist in7vaiErEn5mentlist n.环境保护论者，环境论者 真题例句 The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics.1998年阅读3 例句精译 毫无疑问，环境主义者要对这些批评做出反应。 irresponsibility 5iri7spCnsE5bilEti n.无责任 真题例句 This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsib

10、ility.2003年完形 例句精译 这并不意味着成年人可以接受不负责任的行为。 pretechnological pri5teknE5lCdVikEl a.前技术时代的 真题例句 Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia.1998年阅读3 例句精译 将该词（反科学）用在仇视现代文明的恐怖主义者身上，也不会引起多大争议，它

11、在1995年公开发表蔑视科学、渴望回到前技术时代理想社会的声明。 unpredictability 5Qnpri7diktE5biliti n.不可预测性 真题例句 Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research.1999年阅读 5 例句精译 不可预测性是科学研究不可缺少的一个重要特征。 anthropological 7AnWrEpE5lCdVikEl a.人类学的，人类学上的 真题例句 Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture.

12、2003年翻译 例句精译 人类学分析主要依赖于文化概念。 appropriateness E5prEupriEtnis n.适应性 真题例句 (72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount , reliability , and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.1995年翻译 例句精译 (72) 这

13、些预测在多大程度上被后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。 competitiveness kEm5petitivnis n.竞争 真题例句 By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness.2000 年阅读1 例句精译 到了80年代中期，面对其日益衰退的工业竞争力，美国人感到不知所措。 differentiation 7difE7renFi5eiFEn n.区别 真题例句 A rather

14、 similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.2001年阅读 1 例句精译 类似的分化过程也导致专业地质学家聚集起来，形成一两个全国性的

15、团体，而业余地质学家则要么留在地方性团体中，要么以不同方式组成全国性的团体。 dissatisfaction 5dis7sAtis5fAkFEn n.不满，不平，令人不满的事物 真题例句 In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.2000年阅读 4 例句精译 此外，与被调查的其他10个国家的工人相比，对自身工作表示不满的日本工人多得多。 environ

16、mentally invaiErEnment(E)li ad.周围地，环境地 真题例句 If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.2005 年阅读2 例句精译 假如我们要保护我们的大气层，关键一点是：新建的电厂必须是环保安全型的。 experimentation eks7perimen5teiFEn n.实验，试验 真题例句 67. What does the author probably mean by “untau

17、ght mind” in the first paragraph?1994 年阅读5 A A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation. 例句精译 67、第一段中作者使用“untaught mind”可能是指_。 A 对实验中的辛劳工作一无所知的人 instantaneously instEn5teiniEsli ad.立即 真题例句 But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 pe

18、rcent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.2002年阅读2 例句精译 但是人的大脑能够扫描一个快速变化的场景，迅速排除 98%的不相干的物体，立即聚焦于森林中婉蜒道路旁的一只猴子，或者人群中的一张可疑的脸。 intellectualism 7intE5lektjuElizEm n.智力活动；才智主义，知性主义 真题例句 Ravitchs late

19、st book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism () in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be.2004年阅读4 例句精译 莱维西最新著作回顾：一百年来学校改革的失败探索学校里反学识倾向的根源，书中的结论

20、是：学校根本未能制衡美国人对学识追求的厌恶。但学校是能够并应该做到这一点的。 interprovincial 7intEprE5vinFEl a.各省之间的，省际的 真题例句 But “national” doesnt have to mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial provinces combining efforts to create one body.2005年新题型 例句精译 但全国性并不意味着非得在全国范围内；也可以指省与省之间联手创立一个实体。 miniaturization 5miniEtFErai5zeiFEn

21、 n.小型化 真题例句 And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.2002年阅

22、读2 例句精译 由于电子和微观机械仪器的不断缩小，现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到亚毫米的脑部和骨髓手术，其精确性远远超过熟练的医生用他们的双手所能达到的水平。 overcrowdedness EuvE5kraudnis n.过度拥挤 真题例句 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.1998年阅读 4 例句精译 离开人口过度稠密区的做法影响了以前那种离开寒冷地带去气候宜人之地的趋势。 straightforward(s) streit5fC

23、:wEd a.正直的，坦率的；简单的，易懂的；ad.坦率地 真题例句 Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward (a.).1996年翻译 例句精译 根据项目是否有效来做决策简单明了。 underprivileged 5QndE7privilidVd a.贫困的，下层社会的 真题例句 (75) For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an

24、 underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.1995年翻译 例句精译 (75) 例如，测试并不弥补明显的社会不公，因此，它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大的才干。 accomplishment E5kCmpliFmEnt n.成就，完成，技艺 真题例句 (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the

25、solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. 2006年翻译 例句精译 (48) 我之所以把普通科学家排除在外，是因为尽管他的成就可能有助于解决道德问题，但他还没承担起研究道德问题事实方面以外的任何责任。 administration Edminis5treiFEn n.管理，经营；行政（机关，部门）；政府 真题例句 If the Administration () wont take

26、the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.2005年阅读 2 例句精译 假如政府当局没有采取司法行动，议会就应该协助来推广环保措施。 administrative Ed5ministrEtiv a.管理的，行政的 真题例句 So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovin

27、cial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.2005年新题型 例句精译 所以，如果某些省要想完成健康福利的任务，他们就必须有完成这个任务的能力。使用省际之间通用的药品名录，可以根除重复，节约管理费用；防止各省之间的斗争，而且还可以争取到更合理的药价。 alphabetically 7AlfE5betikEli

28、 ad.按字母顺序地 真题例句 One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early.2004年阅读2 例句精译 有一种由那些在字母表上列位不佳者闲暇时构幻出来的理论，认为这种倒霉事老早就开始了。 anthropologist 7AnWrE5pClEdVist n.人类学者，人类学家 真题例句 Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas Edward Sapir, were

29、pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century.2004年翻译 例句精译 20 世纪上半叶，两位人类语言学家，Franz Boas 和Edward Sapir是研究和描述南北美洲土著语言的先驱。 astrophysicist AstrEu5fizisist n.天体物理学家 真题例句 (75) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientificall

30、y plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.1998年翻译 例句精译 (75) 宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它还是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。 centralization 5sentrElai5zeiFEn n.集中，聚集

31、 真题例句 With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japans 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.2000年阅读 4 例句精译 随着经济的发展，居住集中化也跟着来了；在日本1 亿1900万人当中，足有76%住在城市，在那里社区和大家庭逐渐被独立的、两代人组成的小家庭所取代。 characteristic 7kAriktE5ristik a.（of）特有的，独特的；n.特征，特性 真题例句 With optimism cha