届英语第一轮复习学案unit12 Culture Shock.docx

1、届英语第一轮复习学案unit12 Culture Shock2013届高三北师大版英语一轮复习学案：M4 unit 12 Culture Shock（1）10. defend, protect与guard 这三个词都有“保护,使安全”之意,也都常 用于defend / protect / guardagainst / from 结构中。defend意为“保卫,捍卫”,指抵抗或防御外来 的威胁、攻击；它还可表示在法庭上或理论 上进行辩护。The people defended the town against the foreign invaders.人民保卫城镇,抵抗外国侵略者。He had

2、a good lawyer to defend him.他有一个好律师为他辩护。protect意为“保护”,指的是采取措施以保障 某人或某物的安全,以免受到危险或损害、伤 害等。 He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun. 他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。guard意为“守卫,警戒,看守”,目的是维护安 全,防备危险的发生。 The gate is guarded by soldiers; you cant go without a pass. 大门有兵守卫,你没有通行证过不去。用defend, protec

3、t, guard的适当形式填空Our armies are determined to _ our great motherland.We should do something practical to _ the river from pollution.Two different soldiers _ the gate twenty-four hours every day.defendprotectguard11. concentrate vi. 集中注意力；使集中 concentrate on / upon 把集中在上,专心致志于 You must concentrate on yo

4、ur work. 你必须专心于你的工作。 I tried to concentrate my attention upon my chemical researches. 我尽力专心于我的化学研究。I cant concentrate with that noise going on.到处是噪音,我不能集中精神。concentration n. 专心,集中This book will need all your concentration.读这本书需要你专心致志。12. warn vt. 警告,告诫warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事 The newspaper warns th

5、e public of the danger of smoking. 报纸提醒公众注意吸烟的危害。warn sb. against doing sth. =warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 The doctor warned the patient against smoking. The doctor warned the patient not to smoke. 医生告诫病人不要吸烟。warn+从句 I have warned him that it is not allowed. 我曾警告过他,这是不被允许的。warning adj. 警告的,预告的；

6、n. 警戒He gave me a warning look.他向我使了一个警告的神色。He paid no attention to my warnings.他无视我的警告。1. 我警告他们不要在这样薄的冰上溜冰。 I _ go skating on such thin ice.2. 他提醒我人群中有扒手。 He _ there were pickpockets in the crowd.warned them not towarned me that13. in favour of 支持,赞同 All of us are in favour of the proposal that our

7、 school uniform should be made to our own taste. 我们都赞成校服应依据我们的品位去做的提议。Nowadays clothes from Korea are in favour with young people.现在韩国的服装很受年轻人的欢迎。“Its too difficult; can I ask you a favour?” I asked my math teacher.“这道题太难了,我能请您帮个忙吗？”我问数学老师。用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空Would you please _ and turn down the radi

8、o?Are you _ my plan that we go climbing this weekend?Young and beautiful teachers are _ in middle schools.do me a favourin favour ofin favour (with)用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空I want to _ of you. Will you lend me your car?I think we are _ with them. We have not been asked to any of their parties this year.as

9、k a favourout of favour14. on condition (that)=only if; provided (that) 只有在条件下 You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank. 你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。 on no conditionby no means 决不in good/ bad/ poor/ perfect condition 在好/坏/差/完美的情况下out of condition 健康不佳；情况不好under the condi

10、tions of 在情况下You must on no condition tell him what happened.你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。15. in spite of 虽然,尽管 In spite of all his efforts, he failed. 他虽然作了各种努力,仍然失败了。以下几个句子表达的意思一样,但必须注意它们的不同之处：We went out in spite of the rain. (in spite of后跟名词)=Despite of the rain, we went out. (despite of=in spite of)We went ou

11、t though / although it was raining.(though / although后跟句子)尽管下雨，我们还是出去了。regardless of, in spite of与despiteregardless of 不理会，不顾They decorated the house regardless of cost.他们不惜成本装修这栋房子。in spite of 不顾，不管，尽管They went out in spite of the rain.尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。despite 不顾，不管，尽管They had a wonderful holiday, des

12、pite the bad weather.尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。 1. 他已竭尽全力，但仍然失败了。_2. 尽管我们尽了全力，我们还是输掉了比赛。_3. 虽然吃了很多东西，他还是觉得饿。(一句多译)_【答案】1. In spite of all his efforts, he failed. 2. Despite all our efforts we still lost the game.3. Despite eating lots of food, he is still feeling hungry. In spite of / Regardless of so mu

13、ch food he has eaten, hes still feeling hungry. Although / Though he has eaten lots of food, hes still feeling hungry. Its no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 在这个句型中,v.-ing形式短语是真正的主语, it是形式主语。类似的句型还有：It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好Its a waste of time / money doing sth. 做某事是白费时间/金钱Its fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣Theres

14、 no point (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。(谚语) 1. 跟他讲没用，因为他从来不听。_， because he never listens.2. 在她目前的心情下，想找她谈是白费时间。_ when shes in this mood.3. 打高尔夫球很有意思。_. 4 .抱怨于事无补；他们没办法帮助你。_. They cant do anything to help you.【答案】1. It is no good talking to him2. Its a waste of ti

15、me trying to talk to her3. Its great fun playing golf4. There is no point (in) complaining. 地点介绍(基础写作) 地理位置方位介绍常用句型：1. 表示位置Guangdong Province lies in the south of China.广东省位于中国的南部。On the top of the mountain lies a temple.山顶有一座庙。The teaching building is located at the back of the school. 教学楼坐落于校园的后面。

16、 2. 表示历史 The city has/possesses/owns a history of more than 1,000 years. 这个城市有1000多年历史。 The city with a history of more than 1,000 years is our pride. 这座有1000多年历史的城市是我们的骄傲。 3. 表示面积 The new square will have/cover an area of 100,000 square meters. 新广场将占地10万平方米。A new school with an area of more than 20

17、0,000 square meters will be set up. 一所占地20万平方米的新学校将被建立。 4. 表示人口 Shanghai has a population of more than 20,000,000. 上海人口超过2000万。5. 表示“是之乡/乐土” This region is the home of many species of wild flowers. 这一地区是多种野花的家园。 The countryside in the north is hospitable to such fruits. 北方的乡下适宜这些水果的生长。6. 表示“有美誉” Thi

18、s area enjoys the reputation of a land with milk and honey. 这个地方有“鱼米之乡”的美誉。 As we all know, it is famous/wellknown for 众所周知，它以而著名。 This country/city is rich /abundant in 这个国家/城市有丰富的The special character ofis的特殊性是请根据以下提示写一篇短文介绍Australia，内容包括以下几点： 1. 位置：太平洋的西侧 2. 面积：760万平方公里 3. 人口：2,000多万，多数人住在东部沿海地区4

19、. 首都：Canberra, 风景秀丽5. 城市：Sydney，有许多名胜，如悉尼歌剧院(opera house)第一步：审题，确定写作内容，这是一篇介绍澳大利亚基本情况的说明文。第二步：确定时态，全篇都是一般事实的叙述，应该用现在时。第三步：翻译要点1. Australia lies on the west of the Pacific.2. Australia covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers.3. It has a small population of over 20 million.4. Most Australians

20、live in the east of the country by the sea.5. Canberra is the capital of Australia.6. Canberra is a beautiful city.7. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia.8. Sydney has many places of interest.9. The Opera House is famous throughout the world. 第四步：整合信息，合并句子。地点介绍的文章往往信息点比较多，需要我们合理巧妙地根据逻辑关

21、系来整合信息。第1、2句是介绍澳大利亚地理位置和人口的，可整合成一句。第3、4句都提到了澳大利亚人，可改为一个非限制性定语从句。第5、6句和7、8句分别有相同的叙述主体，均可整合为一句。其他几点可单独成句。第五步：连词成篇。运用适当的衔接词语使文章连贯，使文章的结构紧凑。Australia lies on the west of the Pacific and covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers. It has a small population of over 20 million, most of whom live in th

22、e east of the country by the sea. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia, which has many places of interest. The Opera House is famous throughout the world. 请根据所给的信息，用英语介绍斐济。【写作内容】 国名： 斐济群岛共和国(The Republic of The FiJi Islands) 地理位置：

23、太平洋的中心，新西兰的北部，澳大利亚的西北部 陆地面积： 1.8万平方公里 首都： 苏瓦(Suva)人口： 大约86.1万 官方语言：英语 气候： 气候温和，阳光充足，年平均气温为2230 国庆节： 每年10月10日 交通： 水、陆、空便利，太平洋群岛的交通中心【写作要求】 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。 _One possible version： Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean, the Republic of The FiJi Islands is situated to the north of New Zealand and nor

24、thwest of Australia with a land area of 18,000 square kilometers. Fiji, whose capital is Suva, has a population of 861,000 and the official language is English. It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine and theaverage temperature ranges from 22 to 33. National day falls on October 10th every yea

25、r. With the convenient sea, land and air transportation, it is the traffic center of the Pacific islands.M4 unit 12 Culture Shock（2）8. insist v. 坚持 insist on坚决要求,坚持认为。是对要求、看法、意见或主张的“坚持”,on是介词,后面接名词或动名词作宾语。 She insisted on going with us.她坚持要和我们一起去。insist接that从句,有两种情况：表示“坚决认为(主张)”,从句用陈述语气。 Though all

26、his friends criticized him, he insisted he had done nothing wrong. 尽管所有的朋友都指责他,但他坚持认为自己没有做错事。表示“坚决要,坚决要求”,这时从句谓语常用 虚拟语气。 He insists that she (should) go. 他坚决要她去。1. 他坚持说他是无罪的。 He _ his innocence.2. 他坚持要邀请她参加我们的聚会。 He insists she _ to our party.insisted on(should) be invited9. possible, probable与likel

27、y三者均表可能性,但意思上有一点点区别。possible指客观上有可能性,但往往含有希望很小的意思；probable比possible可能性大,表“很可能,大概”,指有实际依据或逻辑上的合情合理；likely是从外表迹象进行判断有可能发生的事。It is possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow.他明天可能来,但也不一定准会来。The probable cause of his failure was that he had been too tired.他失败大概是太累了的原因。Shes very likely to

28、ring me tonight.今晚她很可能给我来电话。possible不能用人作主语,也不能与人构成复 合宾语。possible常用It is possible to do sth.; It is possible for sb. to do sth.; It is possible that等句型。 It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。(不能说Im possible to do it.)名词前有all, every, the only, the best或其他形 容词最高级修饰时,possible宜置于名词之后,作后置定语。 This is the only way possible. 这是唯一可能的方法。可以说Ill study as hard as possible(=as I can). 不能说Ill study hard as possible as I can.probable也不能用人作主语或构成复合宾语， 表示某人可能做某事,只能用It is probable that句型。 It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think. 很可能花费比我们料想的要大。 It i