版高考英语考点分类汇编动词和动词短语.docx

1、版高考英语考点分类汇编动词和动词短语2015版高考英语考点分类汇编：动词和动词短语 动词和动词短语高考试题考点一 动词词义辨析not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to your lungs.(2013新课标全国,23) 剖析:D考查动词辨析。句意:尽量不要过多咳嗽,因为咳嗽过多可能引发你的肺部问题。check核查;allow允许;stop停止;help在这里意为避免,阻止的意思;常与can,could连用。watch was very good,and he 20 percent down for it.(201

2、3新课标全国,8) 剖析:A考查动词辨析。句意:这块手表很好,而且他以20%的折扣价买了它。pay money for sth.为固定搭配,且主语为人,表示“某人花钱买某物”,符合本句句意及句子结构。cost表示“花费”时通常是物作主语 ; buy买,购买,构成 money结构,spend花费,构成 money on sth.结构。【技巧点拨】 本题四个选项属于同义词或近义词,对该类词进行辨析时,一要仔细分析题干所提供的语境,二要根据其固定搭配分析句子结构。intelligent people can often the complex,a fool is more likely to com

3、plicate the simple.(2013湖北,23) 剖析:C考查动词辨析。句意:聪明的人常常能把复杂的事情简单化,而愚蠢的人更可能把简单的问题复杂化。根据句意可知,此处用simplify与后面的the simple对应,the complex与后面的complicate呼应。sacrifice牺牲;substitute代替;survive幸存。to the law,all foreigners have to with the local police within two weeks of arrival.(2013湖北,24) 剖析:D考查动词辨析。句意:按照该法律,所有外国人在

4、到来的两周内必须在当地警方登记。register表示“登记,注册”符合句意。associate使联合,联想;dispute争论;negotiate协商,谈判。the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.(2013江西,31) 剖析:D考查动词词义辨析。句意:她用一些颜色非常好看的窗帘和这地毯搭配起来。根据句中的the carpet和curtains可知,应选D项matched。you are in trouble,Mike is always willing to a hand.(2013天津,2) 剖析:A考查动词辨析。句意:如果你有麻

5、烦了,Mike总是愿意帮你一把。lend a hand意为“帮忙”,为习惯搭配,故选A项。found a job as a high school teacher which spending quite a lot of time with students.(2013福建,24) 剖析:B考查动词辨析。句意:Michelle找到了一份高中教师的工作,(这份工作)需要花费很多时间和学生待在一起。involve包含,需要,符合句意。enjoy喜欢;practice练习;suggest建议。the group discussion is nearing its end,make sure to

6、it with important points.(2013浙江,9) 剖析:A本题考查动词词义辨析。题干的意思是:“小组讨论接近尾声时,一定要用几条要点作为结束。”conclude.with以结束,符合题意。lead领导,引领;avoid避免,回避;hold容纳,举行。good listener takes part in the conversation,ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.(2013浙江,12) 剖析:C本题考查动词词义辨析。题干的意思是:“一个好的倾听者参与谈话时,会发表观点,提出问题,使谈话顺利进行

7、。”由题干意思可知正确选项为C项。offering ideas and raising questions.为现在分词短语,作伴随状语作进一步的说明。10.The town is so beautiful!I just love it.Me character of the town is well .(2013江苏,23) 剖析:B本题考查动词词义辨析。be qualified合格的;有资格的;be well preserved保存完好的;be well decorated装饰得很漂亮的;be simplified被简化的。根据句意“我也是。小镇的特色保存得很好。”可知只有B项与the ch

8、aracter搭配最合适。she doesnt want to go,nothing you can say will her.(2012新课标全国,35) 剖析:A考查动词辨析。persuade劝服;说服,promise答应,许诺,invite邀请,support支持。根据句意“如果她不想去,你说什么都不会劝服她。”可知选A。to scientists,our mental abilities begin to from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.(2012浙江,12) 剖析:D考查动词词义辨析。从句意“科学家认

9、为,我们的智力情况22岁达到顶峰,从27岁开始下降”看,几个动词中只有decline“下降;降低”合适。shrink也可指“收缩/下降”,但往往强调某种实物而不指能力;此处无比较内容故differ不合适;fail“失败”,不合语境。所以选D。and children should communicate more to the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.(2012天津,13) 剖析:B“narrow the gap”意为“缩小差距”,narrow此处是动词。句意:父母和子女应该多多沟通以缩小差距

10、从而更好地理解对方。were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family.(2012江西,30) 剖析:A考查动词的辨析。句意:我们都认为这个村舍将会是这个家庭完美的度假地点。make成为;turn转向;take花费;have有。由句意可知,A项正确。lawyers have donated $50,000 to our schools campaign “Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years

11、 ago.(2012湖北,21) 剖析:A考查动词辨析。句意:两位律师捐赠了5万美元赞助我们学校的“帮助贫困者”项目。该项目是我们的前任校长3年前发起的。sponsor赞助,符合句意。launch发起;organize组织;plan计划,均不符合句意,所以选择A项。d prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.(2011福建,28) 剖析:D句意:我宁愿保留我的判断直到找到所有的证据。reserve my judgement保留我的判断,符合语境。found it increasingly difficult to read,fo

12、r his eyesight was beginning to .(2011新课标全国,34) 剖析:C句意:威廉发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始减弱。fail身体器官失灵,出毛病,符合句意。disappear消失,不见;fall多指水平、数量或价格下降、减少、降低;damage为及物动词,使受到损害。18.Are you still mad at her?Not really,but I cant that her remarks hurt me.(2011江苏,28) 剖析:A考查动词辨析。deny否认;refuse拒绝;reject拒绝接受;decline婉拒,下降。结合句意和词义

13、选A。后半句句意:我不否认她的话伤害了我。a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.(2011天津,6) 剖析:B考查动词辨析。句中主要考查哪一个动词可以与a bank account搭配。据后边所说在本人通过打零工挣得1 000美元后,应推断出是在银行“开”了一个账户。open开立,开设;enter进入。故选B项。house is always so neathow do you it with three children?(2010山东,31) 剖析:A句意

14、:你的房子总是那么整洁带着三个孩子你是怎么做到这一点的?manage与it搭配,意为“成功地做到”,符合句意。serve服务,服役;adapt适应;construct建筑,建造。telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.(2010天津,1) 剖析:D句意:他打电话给旅行社预订了三张去伦敦的机票。order订购,常指订饭,订货;arrange安排;take买下;book预订,常指订票、座等。good thing about children is that they very easily to new environ

15、ments.(2009浙江,11) 剖析:A句意:孩子们的优点就是他们能很快适应新环境。adapt to“适应,习惯”,符合句意。appeal to 吸引某人;呼吁,恳求;attach to使贴在上;apply to把运用到。考点二 动词短语辨析the last moment,Tom decided to a new character to make the story seem more likely.(2013新课标全国,30) up inon off剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:在最后的时刻,Tom决定添加一个新人物,以使故事显得更真实。put up建造;put in添上;put o

16、n穿上;put off推迟。根据句意可知,应选B项。you like to with us to the film tonight?(2013新课标全国,2) along offacross through剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。句意:今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗?此处表示“一起去”,因此用come along。come off从掉下,成功;come across(偶然)遇见;come through(消息等)传来。a sweet liquid produced by flowers,which bees and other insects collect.(2013湖北,25) on o

17、non on剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜甜的液体为食,蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。carry on继续;feed on以为食物;put on上演,穿上;focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于。根据句意可知应选B。much of the animal world,night is the time for sleeppure and simple.(2013湖北,26) aside downoff up剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。句意:在动物世界里,大多数时候,夜晚完全是用来睡觉的时间。pure and simple表示“完全是,不折不扣是”。set aside表示“留

18、出,拨出(时间等)”,符合句意。set down写下;set off出发,引起;set up建立。uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking,but at least he has .(2013陕西,25) out downup off剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:我的叔叔还没能戒烟,但是至少他少抽了一些。cut down意为“削减,减少”,符合句意。cut out意为“剪下”,cut up意为“切成小块”,cut off意为“切断,分割开”,均不符合句意。,college students hold a graduation ceremony to enco

19、urage themselves before they on their life journey.(2013安徽,26) up downthrough off剖析:D考查动词短语辨析。句意:依照惯例,大学生在开始他们的人生旅程之前会举行一个毕业典礼来鼓励一下自己。根据句意可知选D。give up放弃;settle down(在某地)定居下来,(使)安静下来;get through完成,耗尽,用完;set off出发,动身;(使)开始。always complains that children their shoes very quickly.(2013江西,27) out outout

20、out剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:母亲总是抱怨孩子们的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用坏,(使)磨损”,符合语境。find out查明;wash out把洗掉;set out启程,动身。had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to .(2013天津,8) away inout on剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。句意:我本希望今年度个假,但是我总是抽不开身。get away(得以)离开,脱身;drop in顺便拜访;check out经检查得到证实,获得证明;hold on坚持住,别挂断。根据句意可知应选A项。phones

21、 matter when wireless networks in disasters.(2013福建,28) down outdown out剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:在灾难中,当无线网络出故障时,老式电话就(显得)很重要了。turn down表示“调小;拒绝”;turn out表示“生产;结果是,证明是”;break down表示“出故障”;break out表示“(战争、疾病等的)爆发”。由题干中的关键信息old-fashioned phones matter和in disasters可知此处填break down“出故障”。will as general manager when

22、 Mitchell retires.(2013辽宁,32) away overoff out剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:Mitchell退休时Briggs将接任总经理职务。根据句意可知选B,take over接管,接收。get away脱身;set off出发;run out用完。fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.(2013浙江,17) up upup up剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。题干的意思是:“熊在整个夏季和秋季储

23、存脂肪,以便有足够的能量使它们通过冬眠期。”pack up停止工作,收拾行装;build up逐渐增加,逐渐积累,逐渐增强;bring up教育,抚养;呕吐;take up从事,开始。根据题干的意思可知正确选项为B项。leaders must ensure that all members their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.(2013江苏,29) over overover over剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。本题中四个选项均为常见的动词短语。get over克服;恢复;

24、熬过;look over查看;仔细检查;take over接收,接管;come over过来,来访。根据句意“团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们内在的欲望从而避免因犯错而带来的尴尬。”可知,A项为正确选项。is really good at taking notes in can almost every word her teacher says.(2012新课标全国,27) out downaway together剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭,熄灭;put down写下,记下;put away收起,将放回原处;put together拼凑在一起;组装。根据句意“Mary确

25、实擅长当堂记笔记,她几乎能记下老师说的每句话”。故选B。athletes years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.(2012安徽,28) on throughoff up剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:当她获得奥运金牌时,多年的艰苦训练终于有了回报。went on持续、继续; got through结束、通过; paid off付清、回报;ended up以结束。故选C。with the information you have gathered,you can preparing your busi

26、ness plan.(2012浙江,15) out aboutoff up剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:有你收集的信息为底,你可以着手准备你的贸易计划了。set out“出发;开始”,后跟to do sth.,可排除。set off“出发,动身,引爆”,后也跟to do sth.而不跟v.-ing,排除。set up“建立;装配”,与句意不符,排除。只有set about“着手;开始;出发”,后跟v.-ing,所以选B。loves ,he never manages to put them together again.(2012辽宁,26) apart awayup off剖析:A句意:R

27、od喜欢拆卸钟表,但他从没有成功地把它们再装起来。take apart拆开,拆卸;give away泄露;make up组成,化妆,和好,编造;turn off关上,由句意可知A项正确。had better some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.(2012福建,29) aside upaway out剖析:Aset aside 留出(一定的时间或金钱);take up开始从事;占据(时间、空间);put away收好,放归原处;give out分发,释放(光、热、电等)。句意:你最好每天留一

28、些时间参加体育运动,这样就可以使自己充满活力。had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system .(2012陕西,19) in upout down剖析:D考查动词短语。句意:他得不时停下来擦擦额头的汗,因为空调系统出故障了。break in非法侵入; break up分离;解散;结业; break out 爆发;突然发生 ;break down失败;出故障;(健康等)垮掉,崩溃。ve the habit of calling in on

29、my grandparents on my way home from school.(2012江西,24) into intointo into剖析:C考查动词短语的辨析。句意:我养成了在放学回家的路上去看望爷爷奶奶的习惯。get into养成(习惯),染上(毛病);come into进来;go into进入;run into撞到身上。s surprising that your brother Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.(2012四川,20) up upup up剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。句意:你的弟弟这么快就学会了俄

30、语真是令人惊讶他住在那里的时间还不长啊。pick up无意中学会某种语言或技能,符合句意。look up查找;put up搭建;make up组成,均不符合句意。can the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean.(2011新课标全国,26) up with up withto to剖析:B句意:我可以忍受房子不整齐,但我讨厌房子不干净。put up with忍受,符合句意。come up with想出,提出;turn to转向,求助于;stick to坚持下去,继续做下去。【技巧点拨】 come up with用人作主语,表示某人想出、提出一个主意;come up则表示某个建议、想法被提到,被讨论,被考虑,用物作主语。如:A lot of new questions came up at the meeting.在此次会议上,有许多新问题被提了出来。exam results will be on Friday afternoon.(2011辽宁,26) down offup away剖析:C句意