高考作文辅导精品学案.docx

1、高考作文辅导精品学案英语作文精品教案对作文的基本认识：它是听说读写里最容易拿高分的项目，因为不懂的地方你完全可以回避过去，我们没有必要写好所有的结构，只要熟练的应用几个结构就可以了。因此,要树立这样一个目标：任何级别的作文考试你至少要拿到80%以上的分数。高分英语作文的标准：1) 要有亮点结构：所谓的亮点结构是：同位语；定语从句（特别是非限制性定语从句）；非谓语动词；倒装句型；被动语态等2) 结构合理，一般为三段式，即：开头，主体，结尾。3) 词汇相对高档：我们在实际写作中会遇到很多同义词，这时我们要选择不常见的，记住：物以稀为贵。4) 套用经典句型，恰当使用连接词，英语中特别讲究语言的逻辑，

2、因此一定要注意连接词的运用。5) 书写良好，卷面整洁。基本能力训练之如何写出亮点结构：同位语：同位语结构跟在一个名词或代词的后面，它有一个名词短语构成，说明前面名词是何人或何物，一般其前后都加上一个逗号：经典例句：I like football.I，a student in No.1 middle school , like football.Tom is my good friend.Tom, the most excellent student in my class, is my good friend.经典解读：我们只要知道一个名词是何人或何物就可以写出同位语了，即我们仅需把表明该名词

3、“身份”的名词短语放在他后面就可以了。给下列句子中填上同位语：1) Mr. Smith is very kind to us. （Mr Smith 是我的新老师）2) Yesterday I met Tom.(Tom是我弟弟的一个朋友 a friend of my brothers.) 3) Yesterday I talked to my English teacher.(my English teacher 是Mr. James)如何写出定语从句：定语从句中最有价值且最好写的莫过于which引导的非限制性定语从句了。其具体操作是对于我们写出的一个简单句，我们只需要在其后面加上一个逗号，然后

4、以which作主语，再构成一个主系表或主谓宾句型来解释前面的句子就可以了。我们可以给上文的三个句子加上定语从句：Mr. Smith is very kind to us.Mr. Smith is very kind to us , which makes us very happy every day. Yesterday I met Tom.Yesterday I met Tom , which surprised me very much . Because I hadnt seen him for a long timeYesterday I talked to my English t

5、eacher.Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, which is an exciting thing for us students.经典解读：从上我们可知：只要我们能够写出正确的简单句，只要我们会对一个句子进行解释，我们就可以写出一个正确的非限制性定语从句。给下列几个简单句添加上非限制性定语从句：I heard the news that our team had wonChina has made much progress in technology.Japan often breaks its promise.注意:我们还可以用that

6、或which引导其他定语从句，至于其他的可以不用以避免初错误如何写出非谓语动词：非谓语动词中最好写且最有价值的结构是：连词+分词独立主格后置定语：1. 连词+doing/done，主+谓语此结构的连词主要是：when/while 表示“时间”；if/unless表示“条件”；though/although表示“让步”。这些连词后接doing还是done就看与后面句子主语的关系是“主动”还是“被动”。经典例句：1) While working in Beijing, he made a lot of money each month. (he 与work之间是主动关系)2) Unless inv

7、ited , I wont go .（invite和I之间是被动关系）3) Though tired, he went on working. （tire是“使劳累”，因此，它与人之间是被动关系）翻译下列句子：1) 除非被邀请说话，你应当保持沉默。2) 当问到问什么迟到时，他脸红了。3) 尽管缺少钱，他的父母设法送他上大学。2. 独立主格结构：独立主格机构是分词作状语的一种特殊形式，其基本构成是：名词/代词（主格词）+分词，主+谓语或主+谓语，名词/代词（主格词）+分词。分词的形式有：主动（doing与having done）和被动（done与having been done）；用主动还是被动

8、取决于其与主格词的关系。经典例句：1) 天气很好，我们要去爬山。It being fine, we will go climbing.2) 他摔倒在地上，左腿摔断了。He fell to the ground, his left leg broken.3) 时间允许的话，我们可以把它做得更好。Time permitting, we could have done it better.翻译下列句子1) 我父母允许的话，明天我就和你去打篮球。My parents permitting , I will play basketball with tomorrow .2) 太吵了，我们听不清他在说什么

9、。It being too noisy , we couldnt hear what he said clearly.3) 贼每个人拿着一个袋子四散奔逃。The thieves ran away separately, each carrying a bag.4) 由于没有公交车车了，昨天我们不得不步行回家。(特别注意there be句型的独立主格结构)There being no buses, we had to walk home after work yesterday.3. 后置定语：名词+非谓语短语 该非谓语短语是与其修饰的名词是主动时用doing；被动时用done（已被），bein

10、g done（正被），to be done（将被）经典例句：The meeting is very important.1) The meeting held yesterday is very important .2) The meeting being held now is very important .3) The meeting to be held next week is very important .The man is my elder brother.The man standing under the tree is my elder brother.经典解读:所谓

11、非谓语动词作后置定语只不过是用非谓语来表示一个名词所执行或接受的动作，放在其后面就可以了。经典例题：请给下列句子加上非谓语动词所作的后置定语。1) I like reading books.I like reading books written by Luxun.2) Tom is a student. Tom is a student studying in No.1 Middle School.3) We are very interested in his idea. We are very interested in his idea raised at the meeting.为什

12、么要用被动语态：因为一篇文章有若干句子构成，而同学们一般只习惯用主动语态表达，这就显得太单一了，因此要进行语态的变化，以调节用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.Its said(据说) that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4.The lost boy_（not find）so far 答案：1.will be built 2

13、. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and cha

14、irs. 7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop. 9. What _ knives _ (make) of ? They_(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine _took_ (take) out of the library? 11. The room _ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars cant _ (se

15、e) in the daytime. 13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already. 如何写出倒装句:在英语作文中最容易套用的倒装句型是:“only+状语放在句首”句子用部分倒装。经典例句:We can work out this problem in this way.Only in this way can we work out this problem.When he was about to graduate from the senior school , he realized he had wasted too much time.

16、Only when he was about to graduate from the senior school did he realize he had wasted too much time.解读:一般在句中有时间，地点状语的时候，我们可以采用部分倒装，只需把only+全部状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装就可以了。把下列句子变成倒装句：1) You can learn the computer in this way.2) I realized the importance of studying English then.3) He comes to see me when he is

17、 free.4) Because he was busy he did not go there.常见高级词汇替换：有些词在写作时时高频词我们要注意使用能显示“水平”的词汇。1nothing but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting. The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring.2be supposed to 替换should He is suppose

18、d to ( should ) have driven more slowly.3the case替换 true I dont think it is the case ( true ). But what you said is not the case (true)4. the minute 替换as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research. The minute he arrived, he began his research.5due to/owing to替换because ofHe arrived late due

19、 to ( because of ) the storm. 6come up with替换think of Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.7be of + n. 替换adj. The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.8can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.9be

20、long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much. I am long to see you very much.10be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.11more than替换very Im very glad to lea

21、rn that you are coming in September. Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 ) If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)14the majority of替换most The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to

22、 the cinema.15. vital 替换important what you did and said today is more than vital (important) to me.套用经典句型以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的12个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用，这可以使文章的逻辑性更强。 1.表示原因 1）There are three reasons for -. 同时出现了宾语从句2）The reasons for- are as follows. 3）We have good reason to

23、believe that-. 经典例句： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern li

24、fe. （要求背诵）注：如果写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 2.表示好处 It is of great benefit to us.经典例句：Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore，re

25、ading extensively is of great benefit to us. 3.表示坏处 1）It does us much harm. 2）It is harmful to us. 经典例句：However，everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. 4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 同时出现了形式主语

26、；形式宾语；复合宾语1）It is vital（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb.to do sth. 2）We think it necessary to do sth. 3）It plays an important role in our life. 例如： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business. Soon， computers will be found in every home

27、，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 同时出现了非谓语动词；定语从句5.表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures（to do sth）. 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties. 3）We should solv

28、e the problems that we are faced with. 例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it. 6.表示变化 Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 经典例句：Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in

29、the past five years. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek（as follows）. Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. 同时出现了同位语从句7.表示事实、现状 1）We cannot ignore the fact that. 2）No one can deny the fact tha

30、t. 例如： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment. 8.表示数量 1）It ha

31、s increased（decreased）from.to. 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000. 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January. 例如： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on e