脑动脉的供血范围.docx

1、脑动脉的供血范围脑动脉的供血范围大脑前动脉：自颈内动脉发岀后行向前内进入半球纵裂，并向头侧弯曲绕胼胝体膝部和体后行，沿途发岀眶额动脉、眶极动 脉、基底节支，分布至额叶的下内面皮质、嗅球、透明隔、胼胝体的前 2/3、尾状核的头部、苍白球、内囊前肢、额叶深部脑白质和大脑皮层的前2/3的区域。大脑前动脉最后分岀胼缘和胼周两大终末支，胼缘动脉沿扣带沟后行分岀额上、中、后 内动脉。胼周动脉则沿胼胝体和扣带回之间后行，沿途发岀旁中央动脉、顶上内（楔前）动脉和顶下内动脉后，继续后行至 胼胝体压部和大脑后动脉的压部分支相吻合。大脑中动脉：为颈内动脉的终末支，发岀的分支供血范围变异大，供应额叶、顶叶、颞叶前部的

2、绝大部分半球突面皮层 结构及深部脑白质，有时还发岀分支分布到枕叶的外侧面，其分支豆纹动脉穿经额叶的下面至基底节、尾状核和内囊。大脑后动脉：自基底动脉发岀后，绕脑干经环池后行，发岀后丘脑穿通动脉和丘脑膝状动脉分布至丘脑、膝状体、内囊 后肢和视束，并发岀小分支至大脑脚，行至胼胝体压部发岀分支和大脑前动脉的分支吻合，最后分岀颞叶前和后动脉、顶枕 动脉及距状动脉，供应颞叶的后下面、大脑半球内侧面的后部和枕叶。脉络膜前、后动脉：脉络膜前动脉通常在后交通动脉起始处的上方起自颈内动脉，脉络膜后动脉则起自大脑后动脉。它 们分布于内囊的膝部和后肢、苍白球内侧区、视束、颞叶钩回、杏仁核和侧脑室脉络膜从。小脑前下动

3、脉：其行程和分布范围不恒定，供血范围较小，与小脑后下动脉具有一定程度的互补。其分支供应小脑绒球、 小脑半球的岩骨面、小脑中脚、脑桥和延髓的一部分。小脑后下动脉：由椎动脉发岀，供血范围通常包括小脑的后下面、小脑扁桃体、同侧小脑下蚓部和延髓的外侧面。脑动脉的供血区域（组图）蓝色小脑后下动脉 紫色小脑前下动脉 灰色小脑上动脉 浅蓝：椎动脉分支墨绿基底动脉分支 天蓝脉络膜前动脉 橙色大脑中动脉穿支 暗红：回返动脉红色大脑前动脉 黄色大脑中动脉 绿色大脑后动脉9 11.1 血KRS中勘帥的豆坡耳通功詩 ISAJ龙鸵区蛾卅外施金*丸 行占.臥|小.区域仇柄此空油功族的脊通世 邸席出理曲低逝歆区域的老阡曲肃

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