七升八暑假讲义第4讲 介词名词T.docx

1、七升八暑假讲义第4讲 介词名词T第4讲 介词T1、小试牛刀1. You should pay attention_ the teacher. A. with B. to C. for D. at 2. It s very kind _ you to help me get the ticket Fl. A. for; for B. for; of C. of; of D. of; for 3. Most of the students in our class come to school bicycle. A. by B. on C. with D. in4. Mum, today is M

2、others Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _us at Shanghai Restaurant , which is famous_ its seafood. A. with; of B. with; for C. for; to D. to; for5. Tims mum is worried _ her son s eyesight as he plays online games too much. A. for B. about C. with D. of6. It s getting warmer and war

3、mer _ spring, and plants start growing. A. to B. in C. of D. for7. Though I had spent much time _ maths, still I got a C in the last test. A. for B. in C. on D. with8. In Britain, most people like to book their hotels and check _ online. A. on B. in C. at D. for9. I11 buy a new pencil-box _ my cousi

4、n as a birthday present. A. to B. for C. with D. in10. The price of the T-shirt is _ 200 and 250 yuan. A. at B. between C. in D. among1. B . 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. B二、知识梳理介词【知识梳理1】时间介词一、时间介词at, on和in教学建议：1. 巩固练习部分，可以让学生互相讲解。2. 巩固练习部分并未包含所有时间介词的考点，可以让学生互相提问不同时间前需要什么介词。1） at, on和i

5、n at 用于时间点：如：at 9 oclock, at noon, at midnight，at that time，at the moment on 用于具体某一天：星期几，某一天或某一天的早、中、晚如：on Monday, on Tuesday morning, on May 1st, 2008, on a cold night, on the morning of National Day, on Childrens Day。in 用于时间段：用于表示月、季、年、世纪和泛指的上午、下午、晚上 如：in January, in spring, in 1989, in September,

6、 2008, in 21th century ，in the morning/afternoon/evening, in three days注意：在this, that, last, next, every等词的前面不能再加介词。如：this morning, last Friday, next Sunday, every Monday/week/year【课堂练习】1. Both my parents were born _1970. A. at B. in C. on D. to2. Peter usually gets up early _ the morning. A. on B.

7、in C. at D. of3. We traveled all night to London and got there _ Sunday morning. A. for B. on C. at D. to4. The train from Shanghai arrives _ about 7:00 a.m. A. of B. in C. on D. at 5. Toms father will come back from Nanjing _ May 1st. A. for B. at C. on D. inkeys:BBBDC二、时间介词since和forsince和forsince

8、+时间点 用来说明动作起始时间 I have learnt English since ten years ago. for+时间段 用来说明动作延续时间 I have lived here for six years. since和for多与现在完成时态连用，是现在完成时的典型时间状语。【课堂练习】1.自从2015年2.十个月3.Tom在上海工作了很多年4.自从去年我就在这所学校工作5.他自从很小的时候就读过这本书keys:1.since 20152. for ten years3.Tom has worked in Shanghai for many years.4. I have wor

9、ked in this school since last year.5.He has read this book since he was young三、时间介词after和inafter 与时间段连用，表示以过去为起点的某一时间之后，用于过去时：They finished the work after two years.与时间点连用，表示将来某个时间之后：Ill call you after two oclock. in 后接一段时间，常用一般将来时：My father will be back in five days. 【例题精讲】例1. 我五分钟后回来。I will be bac

10、k in five minutes.例2. 他们两个小时后完成了这个项目。They finished the project after two hours.【课堂练习】1.Tom will call you _three oclock. A. in B. after C. for D. since2. I had my breakfast _ twenty minutes.A. in B. for C. since D. after3. 翻译：我想他 3 天后可以回来。4. 翻译：放学后5. 翻译：散会后keys:1.B 2. D 3.I think he will be back in t

11、hree days. 4. After school 5. After the meeting【知识梳理2】方位介词一、in, on和to in on toin 表示在某一地区之内的某方位（属于该范围）；Shanghai lies in the east of China.to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）；Japan lies to the east of China.on表示与某地是毗邻关系（两地接壤）。Mongolia lies on the north of China.【例题精讲】例1. Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan

12、is _ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to C. on; to D. to; on 例2. Hong Kong is _ the south of China, and Macao is _ the west of Hong Kong. A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in【课堂练习】用适当的介词填空：1. Beijing is _ the northwest of Shanghai.2. Pudong is _ the southeast of Shanghai.3. The Philippines is

13、_ the Southeast of China.4. Jiangsu is _ the northwest of Shanghai.Keys:例题精讲：BD巩固练习：to in to on二、over、above和on 、below和under on 指“在上面”表示与表面接触。其反义词是beneath.There is a cup on the desk. There is a note beneath the desk.above 指“在之上“指相对高度，不一定是正上方，其反义词是below. The plane flew above the clouds. The coat reach

14、es below the knees.over 指“在之上”指垂直之上，正上方，其反义词是under.There is a bridge over the river. There are many bikes under the tree. below 和underbelow表示“在下方或位置低于”，不一定有“垂直在下”之意；under表示“在正下方”。There are many bikes under the trees. The temperature will fall below zero tomorrow. 【例题精讲】例1. Do you see the kite _ the

15、building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above例2. 2 .Two planes are flying_ the city. A. through B. over C. on D. below 【巩固练习】翻译句子：1. 一架飞机正在田野上飞。_2. 书桌的上方有一张照片。_3. 书桌上有一张照片。_4. 有一只猫在窗户下面。_5. 有一只猫在桌子下面。_Keys:例题精讲：1.D 2.B巩固练习：1. A plane is flying over the field.2. There is a photo above the desk.3. There i

16、s a photo on the desk.4. There is a cat below the window.5.There is a cat under the window.三、in front of和in the front of in front of表示“在之前”，可用before替换（范围外）There are some trees in front of the classroom.in the front of表示“在的前部”（范围内）Our teacher usually stands in the front of the classroom. The bus driv

17、er is at/in the front of the bus.（在内部的前面）The old woman is in front of the bus.(在外部的前面)The women is at the back of the bus.(在内部的后面)The little girl is behind the bus.(在外部的后面)【例题精讲】例1. Tom sits _the classroom while John sits _the room. A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in

18、 front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of例2. There is a fountain the building. A. between B. in the front of C. in front of D. beside to【课堂练习】根据老师读的一段话画出一幅画。The Smiths have a big house. There is a beautiful garden in front of the house and a river behind the house. There are two apple

19、 trees in the front of the garden.Keys:例题精讲：1.B 2.C巩固练习：略四、介词 between, among，across, through1. between表示“两者之间”。among表示“没有明确数目的三者或三者以上之间”。表示方位：between the two citiesShare the fruit among your friends.2. across (= from one side of sth. to the other side)表示“横过;穿过；从一边到另一边 through ( = from one end or sid

20、e of sth. to the other )表示“从一头到另一头;穿过;从头到尾表示方位：They swam across the river. The train goes through many tunnels from Chengdu to Kunming,表示时间：through the winter【例题精讲】例1. That singer is very popular _ young people. A. in B. for C. among D. as例2. The thief got in _ the window. A. through B. across C. pa

21、st D. by【课堂练习】1. There is a bridge _ the river. A. on B. across C. through D. opposite2. He arrived _ 6 and 7 last night. A. across B. between C. at D. among3. The boy is walking _ the zebra crossing quickly. A. through B. at C. on D. across4. The train went _ the tunnel just now. A. across B. beyon

22、d C. through D. in5. The chocolates will be divided _ Peter and his younger sister. A. for B. with C. among D. betweenKeys:例题精讲：CA练习巩固：BBDDC【知识梳理3】易混介词方式状语1）by，in和on表示交通方式用by时，交通工具前不用任何限定词； 如：by air/by plane 乘飞机 by ship/ by sea 乘船 by bike骑自行车 by bus 乘公交车 by car 乘车用on或in时，名词前应该有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰限定词；在开放

23、型或半开放型工具前用on（空间大的）,在封闭型工具前用in（空间小的）。如： in this plane 乘坐这班飞机 on an early train 乘坐早班的火车 on my bike 骑我的自行车注意：步行、骑马、骑骆驼均用on. on foot 步行 on a horse 骑马 on the camel 骑骆驼2）by，in，with和on表示手段或工具with多用于有形的工具或身体某些器官前，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。如：with our ears 用我们的眼睛 with a pen 用钢笔in表示使用某种语言或使用某种材料，语言、材料前不加冠词。. 如：in Engl

24、ish 用英语 in blue ink 用蓝墨水by示“用的方式或手段”多用于无形的工具或手段，后面常接动名词。如：by selling flowers 通过买花 by singing songs 通过唱歌on“以方式”，多用于固定短语。如：on the telephone.通过电话，在电话上 on the radio/on TV. 通过收音机/电视【例题精讲】例1. You can improve your English _ practicing moreAby Bwith C. of Din例2. In exams we must write_ a pen or a ball-pen i

25、nstead of_ pencils.(用适当的介词填空) 【巩固练习】1. Lucy went to Beijing by plane yesterday. (同义句转换)Lucy _ _ to Beijing yesterday.2. My father takes me to school with his car.（同义句转换）I go to school _ my fathers _.3. A bat finds things with its ears. （划线部分提问）_ _ a bat find thing.4. I am going to go to Beijing by a

26、ir. (划线提问)_ _ you going to go to Beijing. Keys:例题精讲：A with/with巩固练习：flew /to; in/car; How/does; How/are【知识梳理6】in 和on身体介词 树上介词 墙上介词 【例题精讲】翻译句子：例1：一个小男孩用石头击中了那位男士的头。_例2：小女孩卧室的墙上有一张照片。_【巩固练习】选择题：1. He put up a map _the back wall because there was a hole _it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at2. The

27、re is a door _ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D. in3. There are some birds singing _ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from4. There are so many apples _ that tree.A. in B. on C. at D. fromKeys:例题精讲：The boy hit the man on his head.There is a photo on the wall in the girls bedroom.练习巩固：CDAB 变式练习用适当的介词填空：1.

28、 When did you arrive _ shanghai?2. Shandong is _ the east of Shanghai.3. Linda sits _ me, just _ my left.4. Long live the friendship _ you and me.5. You can find Mr. Ma _ the students.6. We are asked to stay _ the building at work.7. He learns English _ listening to the radio.8. Please say it _ Chinese.9. He left _ saying a word.10. I like going to school _ my bike.Keys: 1-5: in; in; beside