高考英语真题分类汇编专题04从句解析版.docx

1、高考英语真题分类汇编专题04从句解析版2016年高考试题分项解析之专题4从句1.【2016北京】22. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which【答案】A考点：考查定语从句【名师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先

2、行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。eg. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick

3、 to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion. The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。4. 作介词宾语的关系代词在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。eg

4、. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department. Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department. The room in which my family live used to be a garage.2.【2016北京】24.Your support is important to our work. _ you can do helps.A. However B. Whoever C. Whatev

5、er D. Wherever【答案】C考点：考查主语从句【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.It is known to us that he is a famous singer.It

6、is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思*Who will be invited hasnt been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The

7、 gift will be given to whomever I like.wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he3.【2016北京】27.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ hes in his nineties.A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case【答案】C考点：考查状语从句

8、 【名师点睛】1. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear.他提高了嗓音，以便每个人都能听见。Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand.她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。2. 引导结果状语从句的从属连

9、词。主要的有so that, sothat, suchthat等。如：I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.我去听演讲去得很早, 所以找个好座位。3. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。如：Although they are twins, they look entirely different.他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同。4.

10、 引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。如：Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to?你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?5. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。如：The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。6. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和asas。如：She was

11、 now happier than she had ever been.现在她比过去任何时候都快活。4.【2016北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.A. what B. that C. whether D. why【答案】B考点：考查表语从句【名师点睛】表语从句 Predictive Clauses (在be动词 后)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问词。The fact is that she never liked h

12、im.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task.This/That/It is because I think it is because you are doing too much.The reason whyis thatThe reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.2. 只能用whether 的情况* 在表语从

13、句、主语从句、同位语从句中* 在介词后的宾语从句中It all depends on whether they will support us.* 在不定式之前He doesnt know whether to stay or not.* 从句中有or not时He doesnt know whether he should stay or not.5.【2016北京】33. I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.A. be

14、cause B. before C. unless D. until【答案】A考点：考查状语从句【名师点睛】从属连词的用法1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1) 表示“当时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。(2) 表示“在之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工

15、作做完。(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：Shes been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。(4) 表示“一就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no soonerthan

16、, hardlywhen等。如：Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill tell him about it (the) next time I see him.我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。注意：every time, each time,

17、 any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless, as so long as, in case 等。如：Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不介意吧?注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如：If you will s

18、it down for a few moments, Ill tell the manager youre here. 请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如：He distrusted me because I was new.他不信任我，因为我是新来的。6.【2016北京】35. I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today

19、.A. so B. and C. for D. but【答案】C考点：考查并列连词【名师点睛】一、并列连词的用法1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。如：Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who.有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如：The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能

20、单独使用。3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 and , or , eitheror , neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as 等。如：He didnt go and she didnt go either. 他没去，她也没去。The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。7.【2016江苏】21.It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang o

21、n to hope.A. why B. what C. as D. that【答案】D【名师点睛】that 引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。1. It + be + 形容词+that从句适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。1) Its clear that they badly need help。很明显

22、，他们急需援助。2) Its possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。表语为 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should 动词原形”3) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。4) It is

23、strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了2. It +be +名词词组+ that从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.1) Its a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。2) Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。 It is no wonder that he looks pale. 难怪他看起来脸色苍白。3) It is

24、a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。 shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。3. It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。2) Its reported that the two coun

25、tries have made an agreement about their trades.据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ， ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为：should 原型。1) It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。考点：考查主语从句8.

26、【2016江苏】23.Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase theirdreams.A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those【答案】C【名师点睛】“of whom / which”引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用of which/ whom或者of which / whom都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of which。一

27、、表示整体中的部分The buses,most of whichwere already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。I picked up the apples,some of whichwere badly bruised.我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box.我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。There are two bottles left

28、,one of whichis almost finished and the other of which is not quite.只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum.这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。二、表示所属关系Hes written a book, the name of which Ive forgotten.他写了一本书，书名我忘了。句中的the name of which=whose nam

29、e。It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered.这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。句中的the details of which=whose details。考点：考查定语从句9.【2016江苏】26._some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While【答案】D【名师点睛】连词while根据上下文有以下不同作用和含义。

30、一、引导时间状语从句译作“当时”。例如：1.Makehaywhilethesunshines.趁着有太阳晒晒草。（乘机行事，抓紧时机。）2.Wemustworkhardtogainmoreknowledgewhileweareyoung.趁着现在还年轻，我们必须刻苦学习，获得更多的知识。二、引导让步状语从句常放在句首，译作“尽管”、“虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。例如：WhileIbelieveitistrue,Icannotproveit.虽然我相信那是真的，但我无法证明。三、引导条件状语从句相当于aslongas，译作“只要”。例如：1.Whilethereislife,thereishope.有生命，就有希望。2.Whileasparkofliferemains,itisadoctorsdutytosavethepatient.只要病人还有一息生机，医生就有责任挽救。四、引导原因状语从句相当于since，有“既然”的意思。例如：1.Youllneversaveanymoneywhileyouresoextravagant.你这么奢侈，永远存不下钱来。2.Idliketogetitsettledtodaywhilewereatit.既然我们着手干了，我想今天就把它干