英语全国卷一 英语问题详解 详解 方法指导.docx

1、英语全国卷一 英语问题详解 详解 方法指导2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with b

2、eautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike to

3、ur and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration: 3

4、hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfort

5、able bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as

6、you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advan

7、ce?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.C. Visit we

8、ll-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. Meals. D. Safety lights.解析：本篇文章讲的是华盛顿举办的几个自行车骑行活动，内容较简单。21. A. 细节理解题。原文中Reserve your spot before availability对应题目中的book in advance。出题人喜欢将原文中的内容进行同义词或者同义句的替换，这一

9、点考生要多加注意。22. D. 细节理解题。根据设问快速定位其在原文中的位置，进行简单排除即可得出答案。Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents23.D. 细节理解题。由设问中的at night 定位到Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour，然后由All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights得出答案。BGood Morni

10、ng Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef M

11、att Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“We love

12、 Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay 5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can mak

13、e this food ourselves.”The eight-part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt sp

14、end time with a different family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.

15、 She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her. B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cookin

16、g matters. D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?

17、A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D. Cooking Well for Less解析：本文是关于Susanna Reid所创办的一个新的节目Save Money: Good Food的介绍，教人们在日常生活中怎样用最少的钱做出美味的食物，Cooking Well for Less，文章难度不大。24. B. 推理判断题。 文章中she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing famili

18、es how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.还有后文中的The eight-part series 都可以推出Susanna Reid开办了一个新的电视节目。25. C. 细节理解题。In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste可知Matt Tebbutt的作用

19、是给Susanna Reid提供建议。26. C. 推理判断题。定位到第四段follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health可知，这一段主要讲的是这档节目的灵感来源，所以答案选C.27. D. 主旨大意题。本文主要是对Save Money: Good Food这档节目的介绍，文章第一段showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget说明了这档节目的目的，所以D选项正是对这句话的最好诠释。CLanguages have b

20、een coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe th

21、at 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, indust

22、rialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly tak

23、ing over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 la

24、nguages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over

25、400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): no

26、ne of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected.29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in pa

27、ragraph 2?A. Complex. B. Advanced. C. Powerful. D. Modern.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A. About 6,800. B. About 3,400. C. About 2,400. D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected i

28、n languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.解析：本文主要讲的是随着人类的发展，语言的种类却越来越少，很多语言已经灭绝或者濒临灭绝，这是全球化和工业化带来的副作用需要引起我们的重视。28. B. 推理判断题。本题的答案主要出自第一段，只要认真研读，进行简单的排除，答案不难选出。Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just fiv

29、e to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.这句话是答案的出处。29. C.词义猜测题。词语出自第二段。Dominant这个词应该是比较常见的，只要考生平时注意词汇积累这个词应该能认识，所以我们在平时的英语学习中一定要注意词汇的积累。假如不认识的话，后边的例子中例举了English, Spanish and Chinese 还有词组take over 这些线索都可以帮助我们来猜测词义。30. B 推理判断题。答案出自第三段 The median number (中位数) of speaker

30、s is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.结合前面的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. 这两句话就可以把答案推出来，6800 和half 是关键词。31. C. 主旨大意题。本篇文章结构清晰，第一段是总领全文，提出观点in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going。第二段是解释原因，第三段是对现状的介

31、绍，第四段是举例子。所以答案很容易选出。本篇文章考生可以注意出题人的出题范围，前三题分别出自前三段，第四题是对全文的考查，这也是出题人出题的一个暗含的线索，考生应该多加关注。DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. Thats

32、 bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolve