英语熟词生义.docx

1、英语熟词生义高中英语熟词生义普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据，而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式，未有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间，给他们减少了很多限制，但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的。例如：2001年全国卷中第26题：We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it_ very wellAworked outBtried outCwent onDcarried on正确答案为A。此处work out的词义为“（情况）发展”、“进行”。其余干扰项的干扰作

2、用都很大。如果没有完全掌握work out的含义，根本无法选定这个选项，更何况，我们的课本根本未有把work out作“（情况）进展”、“进行”解释过。单选题如此，阅读理解、完形填空等题中熟词生义现象更是比比皆是。为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试，我们将根据考试说明的词汇表，按照字母顺序举例解析我们常见常考的熟词生义。A1aboutprepadv到处（美）around（熟义：关于）We spent the whole afternoon walking about town我们整个下午就在城里到处逛来逛去。2acceptvtvi同意（接受别人的观点，看法）（熟义：接受）Tom accepted

3、 her explanation汤姆同意她的解释。认可，领受，认为I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea飞机只有坠入大海，别无他法，我只好认命了。3actvi起作用（熟义：行动）It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act只需几分钟，药物就起作用了。4addvt接着说，又说（熟义：加）“They dont know”he added“他们不知道。”他接着又说。5addressvt称呼（熟义：地址，写地址）The president should be

4、 addressed as“Mr President”总统应称为“总统先生”。直接向说向发表演说She turned to address the man on her left她转身过去，向她左边的那人讲话。He is going to address the meeting in a minute他一会儿就要在大会上讲话了。6admitvt允许进入容纳（熟义：承认）The servant opened the door and admitted me（into the house）仆人打开门，并请我进去。The theatre only admits 1，000persons这个剧场只能容

5、纳一千人。7againstprep衬着，迎着，靠着（熟义：反对，违背）The picture looks good against the white wall这幅画在洁白的墙的衬托下显得很好看。8agree with与一致，协调，适合（熟义：同意）Your story agrees with what I heard你讲的与我所听到的一致。Long plane trips dont agree with me我不适合坐飞机长途旅行。9airv抒发，倾诉，播送（熟义：n空气）Dont air your troubles too often不要经常发牢骚。10at all真的，确实（熟义：常与n

6、ot连用，构成not at all：不用谢，一点也不。）If it is at all foggy，I shall not go out如果真的有雾，我就不出去。This is the first time that I have ever been abroad at all这真的是我第一次出国。11armn武器v武装（熟义：n手臂）Lay down your arms or well fire！放下武器，否则，我们就开枪了！12attendvtvi看护，治疗（熟义：出席）DrParia Lal attends himParia Lal医生在治疗他。If you go out，wholl a

7、ttend to the baby？如果你走了，谁来照看婴儿？B13backvt支持（熟义：n背）Many of his friends backed his plan他的许多朋友支持他的计划。14badlyadv迫切（熟义：坏）The boy badly wants a new bike这男孩非常想要一辆新自行车。15beforeconj才；就（熟义：以前）It was a long time before I got to sleep again过了很久我才再睡着。I hadnt waited long before he came我没有等多久，他就来了。16break down（计划）失

8、败，坚持不下去熟义：（机器等）坏了All our plans broke down我们所有的计划都破灭了。17bringv引起（熟义：带来）The cries brought the neighbours running哭声使邻居跑了过来。18buildn身材，体型（熟义：v修建）The football player has a solid build足球运动员体格健壮。C19cann罐头vt做成罐头（熟义：能）Mother cans fruit妈妈把水果做成罐头。20causen事业（熟义：n起因，v引起）The UN has done a lot for the cause of wor

9、ld peace联合国为世界和平事业做了许多贡献。21chancen可能性v碰巧（熟义：机会）There is a chance that I will see him可能我会遇见他。We chanced to be out when she called当她打电话时，我们恰好不在家。22come back重新流行顶嘴回想起来（熟义：回来）Do you think long dresses will ever come back？你认为长裙子还会再流行吗？He came back at her with a nasty remark他以恶毒的语言回击她。Its suddenly to come

10、 back where I saw you last突然，我想起上次我在什么地方见过你。23come in开始流行；上市；上台执政；承担（任务）（熟义：进来）This style is certain to come in this year今年这种款式肯定流行。If the Workers Party comes in at the next election a lot of industry will be state-owned如果工人党下届上台执政，许多工业都将收为国有。Here is the plan of attack，and this is where you come in这

11、是我们的攻击计划，这是你要执行的任务。e on进行，进展；开始（下雨）；上映，上演，举行（熟义：快过来）How has he come on at school this year？他今年学业进展如何？The rain has just come on雨刚开始下。The next exam comes on in early summer下次考试将在夏初进行。e out出版；开花；结果（如何）（熟义：出来）Everything will come out all right一切都会好的。panyn有人作伴；伙伴；客人（均为不可数）（熟义：公司）You may know a man by the

12、 company he keeps.你可以从一个人所交的朋友了解他的为人。He came in company with a group of girls他是和一群女孩子来的。27.concertn协作，一致vt商议（熟义：音乐会）The various governments decided to act in concert over this matter各级政府决定互相配合处理此事。The team made a concerted effort to win the game这支球队齐心协力力争赢这场比赛。28.costvt使失去（生命、健康等）（熟义：花费；值）The patien

13、ts dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night病人的危险状态使医生、护士好几夜不曾合眼。29.countvi重要；vt认为熟义：数（数目）Every minute counts每分每秒都重要。On the whole she counted herself a fortunate wife总的说来，她自认为还是一个幸运的人。30.cover v走完（一段路），够付（费用），看完（多少页书）；涉及；报导（熟义：覆盖）Here is5；that should cover all your expen

14、ses这儿有5英镑，应该够付你所有的开支。练习：将下列句子译成汉语。1The new theory became widely accepted2The brake wouldnt act，so there was an accident3The President gave an address to the nation over thd radio4This ticket will admit three to the film5The national flag stands out brightly against the blue sky6Do it well if you do

15、it at all7It wasnt long before his new car broke down8This type of suit doesnt agree with your build9It chanced that the rain came on when we started out10I came out first in this exam11I have company this evening12The teacher asked the students to read the text in concert13Careless driving cost him

16、 his life14For businessmen what counted was money15Hospitals receive10，000per donor to cover the costs of the operating room，doctors，and nursesD31deal with与做生意；与来往论及（熟义：处理；对付）Do you deal with Sm ith，the butcher？你与肉商史密斯有生意往来吗？32desertvt离开，抛弃n应得的赏罚（熟义：沙漠）We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut我们

17、在一间空无人住的茅屋里躲暴风雨。33dateA日期B追溯C枣子D约会The ancient temple has a long history and can date back to the year 1890ADHowwonderful it is！34dependA依靠B信赖C视情况而定When will the sports meet be held？It dependsI have no idea now35developA染上B发展C冲洗D开发（熟义：发展；开发）It is really a bad news that after his father died last year

18、 his mother develops a terrible disease this year！How sad he is now！36doA做B将就C.（表示强调）真地D行（熟义：做，制作）Which do you prefer，coffee or tea？Either will doIt makes no difference for me37drawA打平B吸引C吸取D画（熟义：画）Ladies and gentlemen，may I draw your attention to me？I have an important announcement to make.38driveA

19、使B驾驶C驱赶D精力（熟义：驾驶）Do you have any idea what has driven him mad？E39easyadj舒适的，安分的，轻松的（熟义：容易的）Now we are leading an easy life现在我们过着舒适的生活。40escapev被忘记（熟义：逃走）His name escaped me for the moment我一时想不起他的名字了。41eat ones words收回前言，认错道歉（切勿望文生义，解为“食言”）He boasted that he would throw me downstairs；but I made him e

20、at his words他吹嘘说他要把我抛下楼去，但我叫他收回他的话了。42examplen警告（熟义：例子，榜样）Let this be an example to you这便是给你的警告。43employA雇佣B使用C采取My father employs more people during the harvest44endA终点B结局C终止At last，the war ended with the Englishmen winningThe Frenchmen had only controlled one province of Canada45enterA进入B加入C开始D报名H

21、ave you entered yourself for the sports meet to be held next week？46equalA相当的B比得上C等于Nothing can equal the pleasure of drinking a cold drink on a cold summer day47evenA有规律的B平坦的C甚至D公平的Everything is evenly arranged at presentDont be too worried48excuseA免除B借口C原谅Living in the country can excuse you from

22、the worry of the heavy traffic and the polluted environment49expectA预计B盼望C希望The weather turns out far better than we expectedNow we have got used to it50experienceA经验B经历C遭受Now that you have experienced such an adventure before，you must be able to do with it51expressA明确的B高速的C表达n快车（熟义：v表达）It was in th

23、at express way that the traffic accident happenedHis express wish was that you should come here by express train52extraA额外的B非常C额外的事物The workers will get some extra pay if they work extra hoursF53failv不足，缺乏；忽略（熟义：失败，不及格）Our water supply failed我们供水不足了。He never fails to write to his mother every month他

24、从来不忘记每月写信给他的母亲。54familiaradj密切的，亲密（熟义：熟悉）Are you on familiar terms with Tom？你和Tom交情好吗？55familyn子女（熟义：家）Has he any family？他有子女吗？56far from远远不是（熟义：离远）The show was far from being a failure；it was a great success这个展览远远不是失败；而是十分成功的。57figurev认为，想象（熟义：n数字；雕塑，人物）She figured that she would be next她认为她可能就是下一个

25、。I couldnt figure out what he meant我不明白他是什么意思。58finevn罚款（熟义：adj好的，晴朗的）He was fined200他被罚了200美元。59floodn大量的东西；vt大量而来，充满（熟义：洪水）I received a flood of letters this morning今天早上我收到大量的信件。60freezev不许动，停止走动（熟义：冻结，冻冰）Freeze！Drop your arms！不许动，放下武器！for every每就（表示比例关系）（切勿望文生义）61for good永远（勿望文生义）Shell soon leave

26、 London for good她将永远离开伦敦。62foreign不熟悉；和格格不入（熟义：外国的）The subject is foreign to me我不熟悉这门学科。63free没有，免交；远离（常与of连用）（熟义：自由的，有空的）Most of the roads are free of snow道路上的雪大部分都已化了。64faceA面对B面孔C表面（熟义：脸）The American Indians have to face a lot of problems because they are not treated equallyin the society and the

27、y are looked down upon65fairA公平B市场C白皙“Fair play”is a rule that we should observe strictly when we are having a match66fallA降雨量B瀑布C掉下D秋天Americans usually say“fall”while British are used to saying“autumn”，in fact they meanthe same thing67fanA扇子（熟义）B吹C迷狂热者The Chinese football fans are in great exciteme

28、nt because the Chinese NationalFootball Team entered the World Cup Matches68favorA关爱B赞成C帮忙Will you please do me the favor to workout the maths problem？It is too difficult for me69feelA触角B摸起来C感觉D摸In the dark street I had no choice but to feel my way homeI nearly fell down in the darkness70fightA打架（名词）B斗志C打架（动词）The boy is full of energy and fight，sohe is v