辅导班考研英语阅读真题详解.docx

1、辅导班考研英语阅读真题详解2010年考研英语阅读理解详解新东方Text 1 Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.【考点分析】灭绝师太常考(the most)本句的意思是过去这些年英语报纸上所发生的最

2、有影响力的变化的可能是艺术评论的在报道范围和严肃性的堕落.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published

3、 in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.【考点分析】to the point of 到.地步 转折常考，出21题。 然而，在20世纪大量的最重要的批评集是有报纸评论组成的。本句强调20世纪的报纸评论数量很

4、多。沿着上句的意思论述：如今读到这样的书的人不禁会对下面这个事实感到惊讶:这些评论之前竟然被认为适合在面向大众的日报上刊登。21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.D young readers

5、 doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.【正确选项解析】【B】 由第一段的 decline in scope 和第二段的a considerable number 都在强调以前的报纸关于艺术评论数量很多，所以选择B【干扰选项分析】【A】 比较容易排除。与第一段矛盾，原文只是说decline, 即下降，没有说消失(disappear)【C】 比较容易排除。高质量的报纸未丧失大量的读者。无中生有。【D】 强干扰项。年轻的读者怀疑报纸上的评论不合适。原文：牛津高阶英汉双解词典marvel v. be very surprised (and oft

6、en admiring) 大为惊讶(常含赞叹之意)，表明其实读者是赞同：这些评论可以再报纸上刊登的。这里的doubt 表示怀疑，所以与marvel意思相反。 We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was

7、considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly,

8、like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in ournalism,Newman wrote, t

9、hat I am tempted to define journalism as a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.【考点分析】否定常考(unfocused)出22题。承接上文，上文讲我们的评论数量减少，这里继续讲我们甚至离20世纪初到二战期间的报纸评论也相差很远。Even farther removed from 表明作者的惋惜之情。 in detail and at length详细的 serious严肃的calling对做某项工作的强烈欲望或责任感 proud骄傲 上面的这些

10、词都表明二战前的报纸评论的风格。否定常考，出23题。因此，几乎没有人有足够的智慧或文学天赋在新闻事业上成就自己，我更喜欢吧新闻事业定义为被假作家耻辱地使用了的术语，对真作家来说，他们不足挂齿。其实本句话中Newman wrote,后面的根本不需要看懂。22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized byA free themes.B casual style.C elaborate layout.D radical viewpoints.【正确选项解析】【A】 unfocused的英文解释：not c

11、oncentrated at one point or upon one objective, free的英文解释是unrestricted，所以unfocused = free ,属于同义替换。【干扰选项分析】【B】 请看牛津高阶英汉双解词典字典对casual 的解释：(a)made or done without much care or thought; offhand 不经意的; 随便的; 马虎的; 临时的(b) (derog 贬) showing little concern; nonchalant; irresponsible 漠不关心的; 无动於衷的; 不负责任的(c) not

12、methodical or thorough; not serious 无条理的; 不彻底的; 不认真的 .这几个意思都是和 in detail and at length详细的 serious严肃的calling对做某项工作的强烈欲望或责任感 proud骄傲相矛盾的。所以不选。【C】 强干扰项。elaborate 可以替换原文中的in detail ，但是layout(布局)无中生有，所以本题与原文不相符合。【D】 radical 激进的 无中生有。23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on?

13、A It is writers duty to fulfill journalistic goals.B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.【正确选项解析】【D】 对同义替换。Few= not all ，have brains enough or literary gift enough =capable of注意：D选项中

14、not all属于部分否定,语气委婉，在选项中出现往往正确。【干扰选项分析】【A】 journalistic goals(新闻业的目标)，无中生有。【B】 作家成为记者是值得鄙视的。与的proud (自豪的)相反。【C】 作者容易被新闻业吸引。对偷梁换柱。原文说的是被define journalism as. 所吸引，而不是被journalism所吸引。Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until

15、 shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of Englands foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967,

16、 the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.【考点分析】否定常考+段首常考。不幸的是，这些批评家几乎被忘记了。言语之间是作者对报纸评论堕落的惋惜之情。-是举Neville Cardus的例子来论证以前的评论家怎么被忘记的，可以略读。 Is there any chance that Carduss criticism will en

17、joy a revival? The prospect seems remote.Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.【考点分析】特殊标点常考，出25题。

18、笔者在课堂中反复强调出现问号是必考的。Cardus那样的评论会重现吗?不太可能!再一次点明了作者所讨论的中心：报纸行业的堕落(decline)，要注意decline与中的revival是反义词。讲理由，出24题。24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.C His

19、style caters largely to modern specialists.D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.【正确选项解析】【A】 说新闻业的品味已经改变，读者不需要(have little use for)他所擅长的风格，所以Carduss criticism不可能复苏。而A Carduss criticism也许不能吸引当今的读者。 注意have little use for= not appeal to同时本选项还有may,这个语气委婉的词，符合黄四正确答案语气委婉。【干扰选项分析】【B】原文没有提到他的名

20、声有争议，所以无中生有。【C】 他的风格符合现在的专家与本段最后一句相矛盾。【D】 移花接木，是利用最后一句话编造的选项。25. What would be the best title for the text?A Newspapers of the Good Old DaysB The Lost Horizon in NewspapersC Mournful Decline of JournalismD Prominent Critics in Memory【正确选项解析】主旨题，可以利用串线法解出本题。第一段开宗明义：过去这些年英语报纸上所发生的最有影响力的变化的可能是艺术评论的在报道范

21、围和严肃性的堕落(decline)。第二段承接第一段的意思。第三段首句：不幸的是，这些批评家几乎被忘记了。言语之间是作者对报纸评论堕落的惋惜之情。第四段：Cardus那样的评论会重现吗?不太可能!再一次点明了作者所讨论的中心：报纸行业的堕落(decline)，所以C：令人惋惜的新闻业的堕落。mournful是大纲词汇。【干扰选项分析】【A】 报纸行业过去的黄金岁月。没有点出作者对现在的报纸的惋惜之情【B】 报纸行业的消失的视野 本选项的错误类型和A一样。【D】 记忆中的杰出的评论家本文的中心不是怀恋过去，而是批判现在的堕落。Text 2Over the past decade, thousan

22、ds of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. A received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lying a box。本段是背景段，讲过去的事情。只需看懂第一句“过去的几十年中，上千个商业方法被授予专利。”Now the n

23、ations top patent court appears completely-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In the Bilski, as the case is known, is a “very big deal”， says DennisD Crouch of the Universi

24、ty of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents。”本段转折。“将会用一个案例来全面审查商业方法专利”。最后一句“它有可能排除一种专利(即上文的business-method patent)”26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because ofA their limited value to businessB their connection with asset alloca

25、tionC the possible restriction on their grantingD the controversy over authorization选C，根正苗红的同义替换。possible= potential ， eliminate= restrictionA 无中生有 B 用第一段的一个小例子中的细节捏造选项 D controversy 无中生有。27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?A Its ruling complies with the court decisionsB It involve

26、s a very big business transactionC It has been dismissed by the Federal CircuitD It may change the legal practices in the U.S。选D potential= may ,change 对应着第一段和第二段之间的转折。从本段的review，eliminate也可以看出这是一种转折。全文一直没有讲Bilski case的判决的结果，而 A C都是在讲其判决结果，所以与原文相反。B 是从原文“ a “very big deal”字面意识出发设置的干扰选项。a big deal 其实

27、在英文中的意思是“重要”，而不是“生意(transaction)”本题D还有may ,正确答案往往语气委婉，所以更加确定选这个选项。Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooli

28、ng mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a

29、 defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves wi

30、th patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice。28. The word “about-face” (Line 1,Para 3) most probably meansA loss of good willB increase of hostilityC change of attitudeD enhancement of disnity本题是词汇题，一定要返回原文通过上下文解题。Because 之前是说对business-method 的约

31、束(curbs)，而because之后说的是“正是联邦审判引入了business-method”，所以二者之间自然表明了是“态度的转变”。所以选CThe Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the courts judges, rather than a typical panel of three and that one issue it wants to evaluate is weather it should “reconsider” its state street Bank ruling。本段第一句话没有看懂，直接跳过。第二句讲“联邦审判要求这个案子要12个法官审，而不是普通的3人小组，并且