典型技巧05 学会上下求索解析版备战高考英语二轮复习之完形填空典型技巧高效练.docx

1、典型技巧05 学会上下求索解析版备战高考英语二轮复习之完形填空典型技巧高效练备战2021年高考英语二轮复习之完形填空“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧05 学会上下求索【技巧释义】在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注重前后文的呼应。注意下文或最后的题目要从上文内容中寻求线索，开头的题目从下文中寻求线索，中间的题目从上下文中寻线索。【真题再现】(2019全国卷)主题语境：环境保护Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _1_ wi

2、th them lots of waste. The _2_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the _3_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im _4_ about the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon _5_ that much has changed since the da

3、ys of disturbing reports of _6_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _7_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _9_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _10_， in my opinion, isnt reaching the top.

4、Mountains are as spiritual places by many cultures. This is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, _14_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather low clouds en

5、velop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above meters is the highland ： gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. you climb into an arcticlike zone with snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro is reputation as a crowded mou

6、ntain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.1.A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring2.A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters3.A. position B. age C. face D. name4.A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy5.A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advoca

7、te6.A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones7.A. remote B. quiet C. tall D. clean8.A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary9.A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away10.A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight11.A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded12.A. vie

8、w B. quality C. reason D. purpose13.A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials14.A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to15.A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits16.A. match B. imagine C. count D. add17.A. village B. desert C. road D. lake18.A. Obviously B. Easil

9、y C. Consequently D. Finally19.A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial20.A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire【技巧分析】利用首句信息可确定第1、2题答案乞力马扎罗山在他人口中的样子：垃圾成堆严重污染(第12段)上下求索，瞻前顾后需瞻前：第3、8、9题需顾后：第4、5、7、10题叙述自己眼中的乞力马扎罗山和听到的关于乞力马扎罗山的不同的情况(第3段)介绍乞力马扎罗山植被的分布情况(第4段)【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。全文讲述了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山过去与现在的情况。每年，约

10、有4万人登这座非洲最高峰，他们带来了垃圾，人们的蜂拥而至也带来了环境问题。但是现在，由于坦桑尼亚政府的治理，情况已经出现了改观。好词artificial adj. 人造的； adj. 精神的；心灵的； vt. 包住；笼罩熟词生义：significant adj. 相当大的1.D根据设空处后的“with them lots of waste”和常识可知，此处指登山者带来了大量的垃圾。bring “带来”，符合语境。keep “保持”；mix “混合”；connect “连接；联系”。2.C瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“Every year about people attempt to climb

11、 Kilimanjaro”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山；再根据设空后的“damage the beauty of the place”可知，这里指的是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd “人群”，符合语境。story “故事”；building “建筑”； reporter “记者”。3.C上文叙述人群可能会破坏这个地方的美，冰川也正在消失。由此可推断，这一切正改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face “面貌”，符合语境。position “位置”；age “年龄；年代”；name “名字”。4.B由后面加引号的purer可知，其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验

12、，所以作者听到这些故事后，对这个地方持怀疑态度，导致作者去进行实地考察。skeptical “持怀疑态度的”，符合语境。silent “沉默的”； serious “严肃的”； crazy “疯狂的”。5.A根据下一句中的find和第三、四段的描述可知，很快作者就发现，自从那些关于营地为成吨垃圾所围绕的令人不安的报道发布以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。discover “发现”，符合语境。argue “争辩”； decide “决定”；advocate “主张”。6.C瞻前顾后解题。根据下文中的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，此处指营

13、地被成吨的垃圾所围绕。camp “营地”，符合语境。equipment “设备”； grass “草”； stone “石头”。7.D上文提及环境情况已经发生很大变化，再根据设空后的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，此处指作者发现了一座干净的山，营地和小路边上都有厕所。clean “干净的”，符合语境。remote “偏远的”；quiet “宁静的”；tall “高的”。8.C根据上文描述的有关乞力马扎罗山的两种情况以及设空处后的but可知，此处指环境挑战虽然是重大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎得到了回报。significa

14、nt “影响深远的；重大的”，符合语境。new “新的”； special “特别的”； necessary “必要的”。9.A瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”和上文中描述的乞力马扎罗山环境情况有所改观可知，此处指坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎奏效了。pay off “取得成功；奏效”，符合语境。spread out “散开；展开；延伸”； blow up “炸毁；给某物充气”； fade away “逐渐消失”。10.B根据设空后的“isnt reaching the top”可知，设空处指的是登山的最好体

15、验。experience “体验；经历”，符合语境。atmosphere “气氛；大气层”； experiment “实验”； sight “风景；景象”。错解分析本题考生易误选D项。考生易根据下文提到的“go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers”而误以为乞力马扎罗山最好的风景不是在山顶。此处，考生应该注意reaching the top所表达的意思是“到达山顶”，而不是“(在)山顶”。因此，本句的正确意思是“在我看来，在乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达山顶”。11.D根据语境及常识可知，许多文化都认为

16、山是精神领地。be regarded as为固定搭配，“被视为；被看成是”，符合语境。study “研究；学习”； observe “观察；遵守”； explore “探索”。12.A上文中的“Mountains are _ as spiritual places by many cultures.”为人们对山的一种观点，设空处前的This指代上文中提及的观点，此处表示这种观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤为明显，因为登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。view “观点”，符合语境。quality “质量；品质”； reason “原因”； purpose “目的”。13.B根据第一段第一句中的

17、“Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”和本段中的“isnt reaching the top”可知，此处指登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。climber “登山者”，符合语境。scientist “科学家”； local “当地居民”； official “官员”。14.D此处介绍乞力马扎罗山的植被分布状况：山脚是一片热带雨林，雨林在米处突然消失，变成了生长着低矮植物的土地，再往上是厚草地。give way to “被取代”，符合语境。hold on to “坚持；紧紧抓住”； go back to

18、“追溯到；回到”； live up to “不辜负；符合”。15.A设空处后的“low clouds envelop the mountainsides”是对天气状况的解释说明，由此可知，此处指再往上走，天气就变了低低的云层笼罩着山坡。change “变化”，符合语境。clear “转晴；放晴”； improve “提高；改善”； permit “允许”。16.C根据设空后的“twelve shades of green from where I stand”可知，此处指作者从自己站的地方数了数有十二种不同的绿色色度的植被。count “计数”，符合语境。match “(与)相配”； imag

19、ine “想象”； add “增添”。17.B根据设空后的“gravel, stones and rocks”可知，海拔4 000米以上是高原沙漠，有砾石、石子和岩块。desert “沙漠”，符合语境。village “村庄”； road “马路”； lake “湖”。18.D前文提到登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统，此处表示，最后，你会爬到一个像北极一样的地带，那里有永久积雪和可能很快就会消失的冰川。finally “最终”，符合语境。obviously “明显地”； easily “容易地”； consequently “因此；结果”。19.A根据设空前的“arcticlike z

20、one”可知，此处是指像北极一样的地带，故这里应有永久积雪。permanent “永久的”，符合语境。little “小的；少的”； fresh “新鲜的”； artificial “人造的”。20.B综观全文并根据本文最后一句“I found the opposite to be true.”可知，此处作者先是发问：乞力马扎罗山真的因为人山人海和游客络绎不绝而破坏了安宁的环境吗？即发问乞力马扎罗山是否应受到这样的评价，随后又回答说事实正好相反。deserve ones reputation “应该得到的名声”，为固定搭配，符合语境。enjoy “享有”； save “节约；挽救”； acqu

21、ire “获得”。【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）1（2020重庆高三三模）Most brides are angry when they are outshone(使逊色) at their own wedding. For Brenna Klemen, however, she would not have it any other way.When Brenna married Brock Kendall back in April, she knew she 1 her 83-year-old grandmother to play a 2 role in the wedding.

22、While at work as an ICU nurse, Brenna talked to a patient who 3 her to give her grandmother a very unusual role at her wedding.“I was 4 a very sick elderly woman who told me a 5 of how she was a flower girl for her grandchild,” Brenna explained.Brenna certainly 6 the idea for her own wedding day, an

23、d her grandmother, who prefers to be unnamed, was all for it as well!“Grandma was very 7 ,” Brenna said. “She was almost in tears because she wanted to make sure she did OK on my special day.”On the actual wedding day, Grandma did more than just OK, as she 8 stole the show! All 9 was on her as she w

24、alked down the aisle (过道), and the 10 moment was captured (拍摄) by wedding 11 Thomas Felts in images that have since 12 rapidly.“Every time she threw more petals (花瓣) in the air, our family cheered loudly and happily,” Brenna said, adding that all of her wedding guests 13 . This was a wedding that 14

25、 nobody in attendance will ever 15 !While everyone loved the moment, nobody was 16 than Brennas grandfather, who told the photographer, “That s my flower girl.”The photos have 17 the hearts of people all over the globe.“I have 18 that life is too short for us to think about the negatives. As my gran

26、dmother would say 19 is a choice,” Brenna said. She is my inspiration, and I hope that she can inspire you too.Were so glad to see that Brenna got the wedding of her dreams, with a little 20 from her grandma!1.A.employed B.wanted C.forced D.directed2.A.balanced B.protective C.similar D.major3.A.prom

27、ised B.encouraged C.invited D.allowed4.A.competing with B.believing in C.looking after D.operating on5.A.story B.theory C.test D.survey6.A.understood B.loved C.abandoned D.explored7.A.disappointed B.confused C.honest D.emotional8.A.completely B.secretly C.carefully D.formally9.A.pressure B.influence

28、 C.luck D.attention10.A.decisive B.magical C.sweet D.final11.A.planner B.guest C.photographer D.singer12.A.spread B.shaped C.changed D.appeared13.A.sighed B.laughed C.waited D.interrupted14.A.commonly B.fortunately C.immediately D.absolutely15.A.accept B.realize C.forget D.stop16.A.prouder B.kinder

29、C.politer D.calmer17.A.united B.touched C.broken D.weakened18.A.supposed B.warned C.proven D.learned19.A.Forgiveness B.Success C.Happiness D.Popularity20.A.guidance B.help C.benefit D.respect【答案】1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.B【分析】本文是记叙文。记叙了一

30、位奶奶为孙女当花童，在孙女的婚礼上大出风头，但同时也为孙女和参加婚礼的亲朋好友们留下了快乐的回忆。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年4月，当Brenna与Brock Kendall结婚时，她知道自己想要83岁的奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。A. employed雇佣；B. wanted想要；C. forced迫使；D. directed指导。根据下文中对Brenna让奶奶当自己的花童及奶奶在她的婚礼上大出风头的描述可知，Brenna“想（wanted）”让她83岁的奶奶在自己的婚礼上扮演一个重要的角色。故选B。2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年4月，当Brenna与Brock Kendall结婚时，

31、她知道自己想要83岁的奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。A. balanced平衡的；B. protective保护的；C. similar相似的；D. major重要的，主要的。结合后文奶奶在婚礼上抢了两位新人的风头，可知奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。故选D。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名ICU护士，Brenna曾与一位病人交谈，这位病人鼓励她在自己的婚礼上给祖母一个不同寻常的角色。A. promised承诺；B. encouraged鼓励；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。结合后文her to give her grandmother a very unusual role at her wedding.可知这位病人鼓励Brenna在自己的婚礼上给祖母一个不同寻常的角色。故选B。4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我当时在照顾一位病重的老妇人，她给我讲了一个她如何为孙子当花童的故事”，Brenna解释说。A. competing with与竞争；B. believing in相信；C. looking after照顾；D. operating on对起作用。结合后文a very sick elderly woman可知Brenna在照顾这位病重的老妇人。故选C。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意