新目标九年级英语单元知识点Unit3unit4.docx

1、新目标九年级英语单元知识点Unit3unit4Unit 3一、知识点英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在 时am are +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词T

2、his bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now. 被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如： Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed

3、to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车 I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发.4. enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough mo

4、ney to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +从句 He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。7.倒

5、装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither

6、 can John.8. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中 可与although/though连用9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。10. clean up 打扫整理如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。11. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。12. 曾经做某事：Do

7、 you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent.13. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼)go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船)go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.例: The head teacher is strict with his student

8、s He is strict in the work.15. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败16. the other day前几天,不久前的一天.(用于过去时)every other day = every two days 每隔一天 （每两天）17. agree 同意反义词 disagree不同意 动词 agreement 同意反义词 disagreement 不同意名词18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持.如：We should keep our city clean.（cleaning）我

9、们应该保持我们的城市干净。Dont keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久。19. bothand+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如：I have a

10、n opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.22. at present 目前23. at least 最少 at most 最多24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this boo

11、k. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days offoff 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假. They havent had a d

12、ay off since last week. 从上周来,他们没休息过一天.26. reply to 答复某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29. success n. succeed v. successfu

13、l adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与think of 的区别 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 think about 还有“考虑”之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。31. 对 热衷， 对兴趣be serious about doing 如：S

14、he is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English.33. care about sb. 关心某人 如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too=as well 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学

15、生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。35.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做 allow doing sth 允许做36.stupid silly foolish 三个词都有“蠢”的意思.但略有不同.stupid 程度最强,指智力 理解力 学习能力差. silly 指头脑简单,傻头傻脑,使人觉得可笑,带有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在口语中广泛使用.例: He is stupid in learning math. 他学习数学很笨. Stop asking such silly q

16、uestions. 别再问这样傻的问题了. You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢,丢掉这样一个好机会.37.He doesnt seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesnt have many friends.=He seems not to have many friends.38.clean (v.) 打扫,清理 clean up 比较彻底地打扫,清理 clean out 打扫,清理地最彻底.39.concentrate on 全神贯注做例: He decided

17、to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam. This company concentrates on China market. 这家公司把重点放在中国市场上.40. morethan与其说不如说; 比更例: The man is more stupid than nervous.与其说那人紧张,倒不如说他愚蠢.在这一结构中,more做adj. 修饰名词,表示“比多”例:I have more books than you. 我的书比你的多.41.volunteer n. 自愿者. v. volunteer to do sth.

18、自愿做例: We all volunteered to help in the old peoples home.我们都志愿到敬老院帮忙. 42. get in the way (of). 妨碍.例: He never gets in others way. 他从不妨碍别人. The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行车放在那里会妨碍别人的.43. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.)44. only 处于句首,并后跟状语时,全句需要倒装.例: Only then did he

19、understand it. 只有到那时,他才明白.Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有这样我们才能把英语学好.Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 当她到家时,他才得知了这消息.45. care about 关心,在乎,在意. 例: No one cares about others nowadays. 现在没人关心别人. I dont care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么.二、短语1. be allowed to do sth 被允许干 allo

20、w sb to do sth 允许某人干 allow doing sth 允许干2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子3. part-time jobs 兼职工作 4. a drivers license 驾照5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那个年龄段7. on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上 8. stay up 熬夜9. clean up (相当与及物动词) 清扫 10. fail (in) a test 考试不及格11. take the test

21、参加考试 12. the other day 前几天13. all my classmates 我所有的同学 14. concentrate on 全神贯注于15. be good for 对有益 16. in groups 成群的,按组的17. get noisy 吵闹(系表结构) 18. learn from 向某人学习19. at present 目前,现在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做的机会 21.English-English dictionary 英英词典22. at least 至少 23.eight hours sleep a nig

22、ht 每晚8小时的睡眠24. an old peoples home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花费时间干26. primary schools 小学 27. haveoff 放假,休息28. reply to 回答,答复 29. get in the way of 妨碍30. a professional athlete 职业运动员 31. achieve ones dreams 实现梦想32. think about 思考,考虑 33. in the end 最后,终于34. be serious about 对热忠/极感兴趣35. spendon + n.

23、spend (in) + v-ing 在上花费时间/金钱36. care about 关心,担心,在乎 37. agree with 同意三.句子1. I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔.2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他们聊天而不是做作业.3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允许他们熬到晚上11点.4.We should be allowed to

24、take time to do things like that more often.我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情.5.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为学校的哪些制度应该改一改了?6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合.7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了.8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?9.Only then will

25、I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才能实现我的梦想.10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间.11.We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步.Unit 4一、知识点 1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实

26、，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词一律用were)would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella.

27、假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事 The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I

28、 fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如：He has few fri

29、ends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树8. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如： What if she doesnt come?

30、 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？9. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。10. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如： Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松13. in public 在公共场所 如:Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。14. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。15. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell