三年高考真题专题解读精编专题11特殊句式.docx

1、三年高考真题专题解读精编专题11特殊句式2015-2017年高考英语分项解析精编版专题11 特殊句式2017年高考题【2017江苏卷】22. _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I.，

2、故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。【名师点睛】在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词.e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后

3、，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Werent, Shouldnt, Hadnt置于句首。考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装【2017天津卷】11. It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.A. who B. where C. which D. that【答案】D【解析】考点：考查强调句型。【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment

4、 _ I first came across my new neighbors.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。2016年高考题1.【2016江苏】34.Not until recently _the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouraged B. had they encouragedC. did they encourage D. they encouraged【答案

5、】C【解析】地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。【名师点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil等。例如： Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲

6、一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。2. so,neither,nor作部分倒装用这些词表示也、也不的句子要部分倒装。例如：TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。Ifyouwontgo,neitherwillI.你不去，我也不去。3. only在句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须部分倒装。例如：Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell. Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.其他部分倒装1）sothat句型中的so

7、位于句首时，需倒装。例如：Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。2）在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： Mayyouallbehappy.愿你们都快乐。考点：考查部分倒装2.【2016天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that【答案】D【解析】考点：考查强调句。【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，

8、如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。2015年高考题1.【2015湖南】31.Always _ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keep B. to have keptCkeep Dhave kept【答案】C 【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的

9、句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。【考点定位】考查祈使句。【名师点睛】【名师点睛】祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等.祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第、三人称祈使句两大类.祈使句用于两个重要句型中；1“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件.2“祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示“否则；句首以动词原形开头。从本题的成分来判断，可以看出是考查祈使句。2.【2015天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office _ tha

10、t she had left the contract at home. A. she realized B. has she realized C. she has realized D. did she realize【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。【考点定位】考查倒装【名师点睛】本题考查only放在句首的部分倒装。在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语,就不用倒装结构了。本题考生还需要

11、注意判定时态，答案就不难选出。3.【2015湖南】23.Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered【答案】B【解析】最大因素。故选B学.科网【考点定位】考查only置于句首的部分倒装。【名师点睛】本题旨在考查学生是否知道only置于句首主句的句子要进行部分倒装以及部分倒装的定义。

12、副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装，但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装。after talking to two students是一个状语，故对主语进行倒装。要求学生熟练掌握这个知识点。4.【2015湖南】21.It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in

13、trouble.A. which B. that C. where D. how【答案】B【解析】试题分析：B； 根据分析：此句是It was开头且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)。句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时

14、感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B【考点定位】考查强调句。【名师点睛】本题旨在考查强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能被对方恰当的理解，必须加强语气，突出重要的内容，增加对比效果与感情色彩，这时就会用到强调。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构，It was/is开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/isthat后不影响整个句子的完整性，则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。5.【2015重庆】9.Bach died i

15、n 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century_ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 【考点定位】考查强调句。【名师点睛】 not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如： Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown. 直到 1998 年他才回到家乡注意：

16、当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为： It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.2014年高考英语分项解析精编版专题11特殊句式1.【2014全国大纲卷】26. _the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A. Not do only B. Do not only C.Only not do D. Not only do【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅

17、要求涨工资而且要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but also被省略，not only引导的句子置于句首时，需部分倒装。故选D。学.科.网【名师点睛】not only., but also.连接并列分句且置于句首时前倒后不倒，但连接并列主语时不倒装。Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadnt done a very good repair job either. 修车厂不仅对我超额收费，而且维修工作还很差。Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medi

18、cal treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅帮助人们寻找工作。而且也将提供医疗给那些需要的人。考点：考查倒装句。2.【2014天津卷】15. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught【答案】D【解析】考点：考查倒装句和虚拟语气。【名师点睛】用在省略了if的虚拟条件句中（把were, had或should移

19、至主语前），采用部分倒装。Were she here, she would help us.(=If she were here, she would help us.)3.【2014天津卷】1. Give me a chance, _ Ill give you a wonderful surprise.A. if B. or C. and D. while【答案】C【解析】考点：考查特殊句式。【名师点睛】祈使句用于两个重要句型中1“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件.2“祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示“否则；要不然”.试比较

20、：Hurry up and youll catch the train.(If you hurry up,youll catch the train)Hurry up,or youll miss the train(If you dont hurry up,youll miss the train)4.【2014四川卷】3. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry?A. why B. who C. where D. that【答案】D【解析】试题分析: A为什么；B谁；C哪儿；D那个。通过翻译可知本句话意思完

21、整，不缺少成分，由此判断该句是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故答案选D。句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？学.科网【名师点睛】强调句型的构成：it is / was +被强调部分+ that /who +其他，当被强调部分是人的时候that 、who均可使用，否则只能用that。判断强调句型的方法是去掉it is / was that /who后句子仍然成立。比如：It was in London that they met each other for the first time .考点：考查特殊句式。5.【2014福建卷】28. The climate

22、here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, , reaching 30C in summer.A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so【答案】B【解析】试题分析：这里意思是“夏天的温度很少达到30度”。if not 要不；If ever很少；if any如果真有的话；if so假如这样的话。所以选B。句意：这里的气候非常好，夏天的温度很少达到30度。考点：考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。【名师点睛】当从句中主语是it，且谓语动词中又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略。此时构成连词(if，unless

23、，when，whenever)+形容词的结构。 Unless (it is) necessary, youd better not. refer to the dictionary除非需要，你最好不要查字典。 另外，我们还可以用so或not替代上文内容，此时可构成if+ so/not的省略句式： Get up early tomorrow. If not (you dont get up early),you will miss the first bus. 明天早点儿起床。否则的话，你会错过第一班公交车的。 He may not be at home then,if so (he is no

24、t at home) ,leave him a note 他那时可能不在家，如果是那样的话，给他留张字条。6.【2014福建卷】29. It was the culture, rather than the language, _made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroadA. where B. why C. that D. what【答案】C【解析】【名师点睛】强调句的句型1.陈述句的强调句型，It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。2.

25、一般疑问句的强调句型，同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。3.特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？4.not until 句型的强调句， 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。考点：考查强调句。7.【2014陕西卷】17. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C.

26、 has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句型。no soonerthan结构中的 no sooner置于句首时，其后引出部分倒装。如：No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. 我们刚离开家就开始下雨了。No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。该句型中一般主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。考点：考查倒装句型【名师点睛】hardly., when,., no sooner.

27、, than., never, not, no longer，little，not until，seldom，in no time，nowhere等否定副词、否定的介词短语和连词位于句首时。Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.直到老师来他才完成家庭作业。Never before have I seen such, a moving film.我以前从未看过一部如此感人的电影。【例】Not until I came home last night _ to bed. A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C

28、. went Mum D. Mum went 【答案】B 【解析】考查倒装语序的用法。not until 位于句首时要用半倒装的句型，把助动词did提到主语Mum的前面。所以答案为：B 【例】Little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 【答案】A【解析】考查特殊句式。little是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选A。8.【2014陕西卷】23. W

29、e would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【答案】C【名师点睛】would rather的用法1）“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式（美国英语中多用had rather）。d rather为would（或had）rather的缩写形式。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，且无词性、时态的变化。该句式常用来表

30、示选择的意愿，意为“宁可；宁愿；最好”。例如：Hed rather work in the countryside. 他宁可到农村去工作。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。2）would rather与than连用，可构成另一个惯用句式，即：“would rather.than.”意为“宁可（愿）（而）不要（愿）；与其不如”。用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。例如： I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 3）在使用“would rather.than.”句型时，应注意以下几点：than 后边也应接动词原形，但如该句型前后连接的两个动词相同，则than之后的那个动词可省去。例如： Id rather know that now than afterwards. 我宁可现在就知道这件事，而不是以后。