1、中考语法选择解题动词词组沪英语语法英语中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)知识定位表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类,有些动词是兼类词。根据对动词和动词词组部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。动词短语是中考考查的一个热点,几乎每套题中都要设置 2-3 个考查动词短语的。其考查重点为:1、 动词和动词词组辨析。2、 常用动词与名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义知识梳理一、连系动词考点例析由于英语连系动词用法灵活,用途广泛,在很多情况下只有连接作用而没有具体的意义,因此,导致很多学生往往无法正确选择
2、合适而又正确的连系动词来构建句子,说出或写出错句。因此,连系动词成为很多地方中考英语单项选择题中不可缺少的考查点。二、情态动词考点例析初中英语中在主要的情态动词有 can. must, may, neednt, will, would, shall, should 等。情态动词的最大特点,在于它的意义灵活性:说话人可根据自己表达意思的需要,选择不同的情态动词来表达自己对某件事发生的可能性或必然性的态度。我们知道,can 常用来表示能力或请求,用于否定陈述句中则表示否定推测;may 表示请求与许可;must 表示必须做某事,在肯定句中与连系动词 be 连用时,表示肯定推测;neednt 常用于对
3、含 must 一般疑问句作否定回答。情态动词的用法有别于我们汉语的表达方式,因此,考生容易离开考题所设情景,而主观地选择情态动词,从而造成错误。三、动词时态考点例析中考英语单项选择题中,主要以初中阶段常用的一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时、现在进行时和过去进行时作为命题对象,动词时态类考题是各地单项选择题中的重点考查内容,重在考查考生如何识别不同时态的时间状语或如何根据上下文来确定句中动词的时态。考生主要的错误在于对各种不同动词时态的时间状语掌握不清,以及与时态有关的动词的变化形式容易混淆。四、动词的语态考点例析对动词语态的考查,主要考查考生能否根据句子表达的需要正确地使用主动语
4、态还是被动语态。因为英语动词的被动语态主要是由“句子主语+be+动词过去分词”构成。在初中阶段,主要考一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、现在完成时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态等。五、动词的非谓语形式考点例析在中考英语中,对动词非谓语形式的考查,主要考查考生对动词不定式、动名词作主语、宾语、表语、定语等用法以及动词现在分词作作定语、状语和动词过去分词作宾语补足语、定语、表语等用法,而动词不定式、动名词作宾语、宾语补足语的用法重点考查考的内容。六、动词短语辨析在英语中,很多动词,如 put, get, take, look 等与副词、介词或少数副词,如 up,o
5、ff,away, out 以及介词 after, to,into, with,at,on 等构成动词短语,这些动词短语表达固定的意义,在句子使用动词短语有助于使句子简洁,语言精炼。因此,在中考英语的单项选择题中,都会设置一到两三题来作为考查的内容。七、近义词辨析与句意选动词考点例析近年来,中考英语单项选择中的动词类考题,有很多近义词辨析或根据句意表达的需要,选择正确的动词的考题。对于这类的考题,我们在复习时,应系统地对初中阶段教材中出现的常见近义动词进行归纳,并对其用法进行系统辨析,掌握其用法。类似的近义动词, 比较多, 如 bring, take, get, fetch, carry;tak
6、e, spend, cost, pay, buy;learn, study;borrow, lend, keep, renew 等。而句意选词的考题,主要是考查大家对句子的理解和单词用法的掌握程度如何。因此,我们在复习时,应多注意学会根据具体语言的环境来推敲用什么词来表达,句子的意思才完整。当然,这就要求大家在平时的英语学习过程中,要多注意句中关键词是什么,表达什么样的意义。例题精讲【试题来源】【题目】This kind of milk well this year. It_ out soon.【选项】A. sells; will be sold B. sells ; is sold C. i
7、s sold; will be sold D. is sold; sells【答案】A【解析】句意:这种牛 奶今年很畅销。它很快就会卖完。sell well 畅销,此处的 sell 是不及物动词,不用被动语态;sell out 卖完,sell 是及物动词,it 指的是 milk,故应该用被动语态。根据句意可知,这种牛奶很畅销,故会很快卖完,故选 A。考点:考查动词。拓展:sth sells well,主动表被动,同类 need,want,require(要求,需要),deserve(应得,值得),be worth 值得),not bear(经不住) 后面接 doing 都是主动表被动。The
8、book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。试翻译:你的头发该剪了。Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】 Is Mr. Smith driving here? Im not sure. He _ come by subway.【选项】A. may B. shall C. need D. must 【答案】A【解析】句意:史密斯先生将开车来这儿吗?我不确定。他可能乘坐地铁来。A. may “可能”,表示没有把握的推测;B. s
9、hall 将要;C. need 需要,表示必要的;D. must 一定,表示有把握的推测。根据 Im not sure.可知这是没有把握的推测,故用情态动词 may。故选A。拓展:by + 方式无冠词,by subway;by car;by bus;by air 等同类考题:Im very glad I have my own room in my house. I _ do what I want in it.A. must B. have to C. need D. can答案:D【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Food sa
10、fety is important. Rules _ to stop people from food pollution.【选项】A. must make B. must be made C. cant make D. cant be made【答案】B【解析】被动语态的用法。 本句句意:食品安全很重要,必须制定制度来阻止人们遭受食品污染;根据句意应该含情态动词 must 的被动语态,即 must be done。拓展:情态动词的被动,情态动词+be+过去分词;pollution 名词 污染,pollute 动词同类考题:动词填空Boys and girls, the books in th
11、e library should_ good care of. (take)答案:be taken【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】I really enjoy the noodles and vegetables. They _ delicious.【选项】A. stay B. feel C. taste D. sound【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。stay“停留;保持”;feel“感觉”;taste“品尝”;sound“听起来”。根据句意判断:我真的喜欢(吃)这些面条和蔬菜。它们吃起来味道非常好。所以答案选 C。拓展:no
12、odles and vegetables 两者都是可数名词 fruit 是不可数名词。delicious 形容词,美味的。同类考题: What do you think of the song “You and Me”? It _ great. I love singing it.A. tastes B. looks C. smells D. sounds答案:A【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】I spent $5 this book.【选项】A. in B. to buy C. buying D. buy 【答案】C【解析】考
13、查固定结构。spend some money/time (in) doing something 意为“花多少钱(时间)干某事”,是固定搭配,其中介词 in 可以省略,所以选择答案 C。拓展:1.spend:人做主语,花时间、金钱,固定词组:spend time/money in doing;spend.on 2.cost:必须是物作主语,sth cost money 或是 sth. cost sb. sth.3.take:多是形式主语 it 作主语,句型:it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.但做花费讲时,也有人做主语的情况4.pay:词组:pay fo
14、r 是 pay money for sth. pay 还可直接加薪资意为“支付某人薪水”同类考题:It usually Mum about half an hour to cook supper.A. pays B. takes C. spends D. costs答案:B【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】His family are worried about him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time.【选项】A. accepted B. receive
15、d C. written D. collected【答案】B【解析】考查动词的辨析。Accept 接受,receive 收到,write 书写,collect 搜集。根据句意:他的家人为他担心,因为他们好久没“收到”他的来信。所以选择答案 B。拓展:be worried about 担心,receive letters from sb 收到某人来信等,考察的都是词组。同类词组考察例题:There arent many tickets left for the concert, youd better _that you get one today.A. make sure of B. make
16、 a decision C. make sure D. make plans答案: C解析:考查动词短语辨析。make sure of 确定、确保,一般后面跟名词或者动名词词组,make sure 确保、务必,可以跟从句,make a decision 下决心,make plans 做计划。句意:这场音乐会剩下的票不多了,你最好今天订妥一张票。,所以选择答案 C。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Although many great people ever failed, they never_ and managed to s
17、ucceed.【选项】A. set out B. stayed up C. kept on D. gave up【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语区别,set out “动身;出发”, stay up“熬夜;不睡觉”, kept on“ 保持;继续;坚持”,give up 意为“放弃”。根据句意:“尽管许多名人曾经失败过,但是他们从来不(放弃, 灰心),并且努力直至成功”,所以选 D。拓展:manage to succeed 努力直到成功,一般 manage to do sth = succeed in doing sth。同类词组考题:Its hot today, isnt it? Yes, i
18、t is. Why not _ your jacket?A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off答案:D【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】She hurriedly_ the child and took him downstairs. 【选项】A. put on B. wore C. dressed D. had on 【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。 put on ,wear 和 have on 后接衣服;dress 表示穿衣服时,后接人作宾语。dress sb.
19、意为“给某人穿衣服”。拓展:一般来说 put on 意为“穿上”,表示动作;wear 意为“穿着”,表示状态;put on 和 wear的宾语都是服装。dress 意为“穿着;打扮”,其宾语为人。同类考题:The child doesnt need any help. He is old enough to _ himself. A. put on B. wear C. dress D. take care答案:C【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】4习题演练【试题来源】【题目】-Shall I take my swimming suit ?-No ,
20、you _ . We will just go hiking in the mountain .【选项】Amustnt Bcouldnt Cneednt Dcan t【答案】C【解析】句意:我要带泳衣吗?不,你不需要带。我们将去大山里徒步旅行。A 绝对不能,坚决不行 B 不能够 C 不需要,不必要 D 不能,不可以。故选 C。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】随堂课后练习.【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Is Bohai Bridge open to the public yet?Yes. It _ for almost one and a half months.【选项
21、】A. has opened B. has being opened C. has been open D. was open【答案】C【解析】现在完成时的被动语态。根据句意:渤海大桥已经被开放一个半月了。be open 为延续性动词,后接时间段。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】随堂课后练习.【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.【选项】A. come up with B. look forward to C
22、. talk about D. give up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。come up with“想出”;look forward to“盼望”;talk about“谈论”;give up“放弃”。由句意“科学家正在尽最大努力想出治疗被称为 H7N9 的严重疾病”可知,选A。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】随堂课后练习【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】Diaoyu Island belongs to China.Surely it does! We Chinese will never it up.【选项】A. cut B. fix C. give D. se
23、t【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语搭配。cut up“切碎”;fix up“修理”;give up“放弃”;set up“建立”。句意:钓鱼岛属于中国。当然是!我们中国人绝不会放弃它。所以选择答案 C。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】课后两周练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】I think Ive got a bad cold, Doctor, Shall I take some medicine? No need. Your body itself is able to the virus. Just drink more water and rest.【选项】A.
24、catch B. fight C. lose D. hide【答案】B【解析】本题考查动词的辨析。catch 抓住;fight 战胜;lose 失去;hide 隐藏。句意为“你身体本身能够战胜病毒”。故选 B。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】课后两周练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Dinner is ready. Help yourself! Wow! It _ delicious. You are really good at cooking【选项】A looks B sounds C tastes D feels【答案】C【解析】考查系动词的用法辨析。look“
25、看起来”;sound“听起来”;taste“尝起来”;feel“感觉”。根据答语“哇,晚饭尝起来很可口。”可知答案选 C。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】课后一个月练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】How are you going to be a basketball player ?I every day.【选项】A. am going to practice basketball B. am going to study mathC. am going to take acting lessons D. am going to study computer sc
26、ience【答案】A【解析】考查上下句的搭配。问:你将怎样成为一名篮球运动员?答应该是:我要每天练习打篮球。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】课后一个月练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】By the time I locked the door, I realized I _my keys at home.【选项】A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left 【答案】D【解析】本题重点考查 forget 与 leave 作“忘记”讲时的区别,forget:忘记事件,leave:忘记实物。本题是说:
27、到我锁上门的时候,我意识到我把钥匙忘在屋了。所以应选 D。同学们可以这样记忆这两个词的用法区别:forget 真特殊,一接地状变 leave。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】阶段测验【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】In the last ten month, September Miracle(奇迹) on CCTV for more than five times and is popular all over the country.【选项】A. has played the piano B. has given out their song disks C .ha
28、s written songs D. has performed【答案】D【解析】本题的四个选项用的都是现在完成时形式,只是四个选项所述的事情各不相同。根据“September Miracle(玖月奇迹)”是一个红遍全国的演唱流行音乐的音乐组合的名称可知,“玖月奇迹”在中央电视台既不是谈钢琴,也不会是发行唱片,更不是写歌,说他们“表演”最为贴切。所以答案应该选 D.【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】阶段测试【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Why are you a T-shirt? Youll probably catch a cold in this cold weat
29、her 【选项】A. wearing B. recycling C. pulling D. selling【答案】A【解析】本题考查动词词义的语义区分。四个选项都是现在分词形式,而且词义迥异。根据句意:你为什么穿了件 T 恤衫啊?在这么冷的天气里你可能会感冒。B .recycling:循环 ,C. pulling:拉、拽,D .selling:卖. 所以应选 A。wearing:穿戴。【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】随便练练【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】- Why didnt you go to the cinema with us this afternoon?- I _ at the station for my uncle from Beijing【选项】A. was waiting B. have waited C. am waiting D. will wait【答案】A【解析】动词时态。上句供过去的语言环境:今天下午你为什么没和我们一起看电影啊,所以下句要用:我“一直在等”从北京来的我叔叔,因此用过去进行时。所以选答案 A.【知识点】中考语法选择解题动词、词组(沪)【适用场合】随便练练【难度系数】3
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1