微机原理与应用答案guet.docx

1、微机原理与应用答案guet微机原理及应用答案微机原理习题参考答案主讲：张红梅,黄建华 辅导：马金忠有错误或疑惑的地方请同学们指出，谢谢！第一章 绪论1.2 +6510=01000001 +65补=+65原=01000001 +11510=01110011 +115补=+115原=01110011 -6510=11000001 -65补=10111111-11510=11110011 -115补=10001101方法：正数的原码、反码、补码相同负数的补码在原码的基础上除过符号外，先取反，再加1。1. 3+12010=0000000001111000 +120补=+120原=00000000111

2、1000 -12010=1000000001111000 -120补=1111111110001000+23010=0000000011100110 +230补=+230原=0000000011100110-23010=1000000011100110 -230补=1111111100011010方法：与上题相同，只是扩展了位数，用16位表示1. 456 89 -115 -7总结：知道补码，求原码(或数值)的方法：如果是正数，直接转换。如果是负数用以下三种方法： 根据X补补=X 求得例如10001101 各位取反 11110010 加一 11110011转换 -115 求补的逆运算例如：111

3、11001 先减一 11111000 各位取反 10000111 转换 -7-(模+补码转换结果)例如：10001101转换 -13模+补码转换结果 128-13=115 加负号 1151. 9本题问题不太明确例如：如果手边有手册或是知道产品的型号，就可从手册中查到微处理器的处理位数。也可以根据系统总线得知。因为系统总线是公共的数据通道，表现为数据传输位数和总线工作时钟频率。第二章 intel 8086 微处理器2.3根据物理地址=段地址*10H+偏移地址得到：段地址 偏移地址 物理地址1000H 117AH 1117AH1025H 0F2AH 1117AH1109H 00EAH0 1117A

4、H我们可以看到不同电的段地址，在不同的偏移地址下，可以对应相同的物理地址,也就相同的存储空间。说明在分配段时是重叠的.2.6指令 目的操作数寻址方式 源操作数寻址方式MOV ARRAY, BX 直接寻址 寄存器寻址ADC CX, ALPHABXSI 寄存器寻址 基址变址相对寻址AND GAMMADI,11011000B 寄存器相对寻址 立即数寻址INC BL 寄存器寻址 隐含寻址TEST ES:SI, DX 寄存器间接寻址 寄存器寻址SBB SI, BP 寄存器寻址 寄存器间接寻址2.7 源操作数是立即数寻址,AX=1200H 源操作数是寄存器寻址,AX=BX=0100H 源操作数是直接寻址,

5、将2000H10H+1200H=21200H和21201H的内容取出,赋给AX=4C2AH 源操作数是寄存器间接寻址,将2000H10H+0100H=20100H和20101H的内容取出,赋给AX=3412H 源操作数是寄存器相对寻址,将2000H10H+0100H+1100H=21200H和21201H的内容取出,赋给AX=4C21H 源操作数是基址变址寻址,将2000H10H+0100H+0002H=201002和201003H的内容取出,赋给AX=7856H 源操作数是基址变址相对寻址, 将2000H10H+0100H+0002H+1100H=21202H和21203H的的内容取出,赋给

6、AX=65B7H2.8指令 源操作数寻址方式 物理地址MOV AX, 00ABH 立即数寻址 跟随在指令后,有cs:ip决定MOV AX,BX 寄存器寻址 在寄存器中MOV AX,100H 直接寻址 2000H10H+100H=20100HMOV AX,BX 寄存器间接寻址 2000H10H+0100H=20100HMOV AX,BP 寄存器间接寻址 1500H10H+0010H=15010HMOV AX,BX+10 注意是10进制 寄存器相对寻址 2000H10H+0100H+0AH=2010AHMOV AX,BXSI 基址变址寻址 2000H10H+0100H+00A0H=201A0HMO

7、V AX,VAL 直接寻址 2000H10H+0050H=20050HMOV AX,ES:BX 寄存器间接寻址 2100H10H+0100H=21100HMOV AX,SI 寄存器间接寻址 2000H10H+00A0=200A0HMOV AX,VALBX 寄存器相对寻址 2000H10H+0100H+0050H=20150HMOV AX,VALBXSI 基址变址相对寻址 2000H10H+0100H+00A0H+0050H=201F0H.9指令 Sp 值PUSH CX 1FFAH 66H 1FFBH 55HPUSH BX 1FFCH 44H 1FFDH 33HPUSH AX 1FFEH 22H

8、 1FFFH 11H指令 sp 值POP AX 1FFCH AX=5566H BX=3344HPOP CX 1FFEH CX=3344H SP=1FFEH2. 10指令 AX 的值MOV AX,0 AX=0000HDEC AX AX=0FFFFHADD AX,7FFFH AX=7FFEHADD AX,2 AX=8000HNOT AX AX=7FFFHSUB AX,0FFFFH AX=8000HADD AX,8000H AX=0000HOR AX,0BFDFH AX=0BFDFHAND AX,0EBEDH AX=0ABCDHXCHG AH,AL AX=0CDABHSAL AX,1 AX=9B56

9、H (CF=1)RCL AX,1 AX=36ADH (AF=1)2.110110 0010 1010 0000+ 1001 1101 0110 00001 0000 0000 0000 0000 (0000H) AF=0,SF=0,ZF=1,CF=1,OF=0,PF=10110 0010 1010 0000+ 0100 0011 0010 0001 1010 0101 1100 0001 (A5C1H) AF=0,SF=1,ZF=0,CF=0,OF=1,PF=02.13 BX=009AH BX=0061H BX=00FBH BX=001CH BX=0000H BX=00E3H (本条语句只对标

10、志位有影响,不存贮结果)2.14BX=0110 1101 0001 0110=6D16HBX=0000 0000 1101 1010=00DAH2.15 DX=0000 0000 1011 1001 DX= 0000 0000 0101 1100=005CH DX=0000 0000 1011 1001 DX= 0000 0000 0001 0111=0017H DX=0000 0000 1011 1001 DX= 0000 0101 1100 1000=05C8H DL= 1011 1001 DX=0000 0000 0111 0010=0072H DX=0000 0000 1011 100

11、1 DX=0010 0000 0001 0111=2017H DL= 1011 1001 DX= 0000 0000 1100 1101=00CDH DH=0000 0000 DX=0000 0000 1011 1001=00B9H DX=0000 0000 1011 1001 DX=0000 0101 1100 1100=05CCH CF=0 DL= 1011 1001 DL=0000 0000 1101 1100=00DCH CF=12.16方法一: 循环移位 方法二:逻辑右移MOV CL,04H MOV CL,04HROL AL,CL SHR AL,CL第三章 宏汇编语言程序设计31 A

12、X=0001H； AX=0002H CX=0014H DX=0028H CX=0001H32 ARRAY DB 56H，78，0B3H，100 DATA DW 2965H，45H，2965，0A6HALPHA DW 0C656H，1278HBETA DB 2 DUP（23），5 DUP（A），10 DUP（1，2），20 DUP（？） STRING DB THIS IS A EXAMPECOUNT EQU 1003300H00H01H00H00H00H00H01H00H00H00H01H00H00H00H01H00H00H00H01H？42H41H44H43H1FH1DH(1) (2) 41H

13、42H43H44H4CH（76）57H？01H03H01H03H34DATA_SEG SEGMENTDATA1 DB DATA SEG,MENTDATA2 DB 72,65,-10DATA3 DB 109,98,21,40DATA4 DB 10 DUP(0)DATA5 DB 12345DATA6 DW 7,9,298,1976DATA7 DW 785,13475DATA8 DW DB ($-DATA6)-(DATA6-DATA1)DATA_SEG ENDS3.8DATA_SEG SEGMENTAPPAY DB 10 DUP(29H)ALPHA DB -25,4,10,76,3BUFFER DB

14、 100 DUP(?)DATA_SEG ENDS3. 9DATA_SEG SEGMENTBCD1 DB ?,?BCD2 DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEG,ES:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX,DATA_SEGMOV DS,AXMOV DS, AXMOV CL, 04HMOV SI, OFFSET BCD1MOV AL, SISAL AL,CLMOV BL,SI+1AND BL,0FHADD AL,BLMOV BCD2,ALMOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.12DA

15、TA_SEG SEGMENTX DB ?Y DB ?W DB ?Z DB ?R DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEG,ES:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX, DATA_SEGMOV DS, AXMOV DS, AXMOV AL, WSUB AL, XCBW IDIV 0AHMOV R, AHIMUL YIMUL AXMOV AH, 4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.14DATA_SEG SEGMENTSTR1 DB THIS IS A DOGSTR2 DB THIS IS A CO

16、CK COUNT DB $-STR2NUM DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS: CODE, DS:DATA_SEG,ES:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX, DATA_SEGMOV DS, AXMOV DS, AXMOV ES, AXMOV CH,0MOV CL, COUNTCLDMOV SI,OFFSET STR1MOV DI,OFFSET STR2REPZ CMPSBAND SI,000FHMOV AX,SIMOV NUM, ALCODE ENDSEND START3.19DATA_SEG SEGMENTBUF DB this is a

17、 string,$DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX,DATA_SEG MOV DS,AXMOV SI ,OFFSET BUFTAKECHAR:MOV DL,SICMP DL,$JZ DONECMP DL, JZ NEXTSUB DL,20HNEXT:MOV AH,2INT 21HINC SIJMP TAKECHARDONE:MOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START320DATA_SEG SEGMENT DATX DB ? DATY DB ? DATZ DB ?DATA

18、_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX,DATA_SEG MOV DS,AXMOV AL,DATXMOV BL,DATY CMP AL,BL JS NEXT MOV DATZ,AL JMP DONENEXT: MOV DATZ,BLDONE: MOV AH,4CH INT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.21DATA_SEG SEGMENT DATA DB ? DATB DB ? DATC DB ? DATD DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE,

19、 DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX,DATA_SEG MOV DS,AX CMP DATA,0 JZ NEXT CMP DATB,0 JZ NEXT CMP DATC,0 JZ NEXT MOV AL,DATA ADD AL,DATB ADC AL,DATC MOV DATD,AL JMP DONENEXT: MOV DATA,0MOV DATB,0 MOV DATC,0DONE: MOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.22 程序段是将十六进制数的ASSII码转化为十六进制数.本例是将大写字母A的ASCII变为十六进制数,将结果存入字符变量H

20、EXNUM中。HEXNUM变量中原来的内容未知，程序段执行后的内容是字符A的十六进制数0A3.24DATA_SEG SEGMENT N=10DATA1 DB N DUP(?) DATA2 DB N DUP(?) ADR1 DW ? ADR2 DW ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX, DATA_SEGMOV DS, AXLEA SI, DATA1LEA DI,DATA2MOV CX, NLOP1: MOV AH,SICMP AH,DIINC SIINC DILOOPZ LOP1JNZ NOTEQU

21、MOV AH,0FFHSAHFJMP DONENOTEQU: MOV AH,0SAHFMOV ADR1,SI-1MOV ADR2,DI-1DONE:MOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.26DATA_SEG SEGMENTCOUNT=100BUF DB COUNT NUP(?) MAX DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX, DATA_SEG MOV DS, AXMOV SI, OFFSET BUFMOV CX,COUNTLOP1: MOV AH,1INT

22、21HMOV SI, ALINC SILOOP LOP1MOV SI,OFFSET BUFMOV CX,COUNTMOV AL, SILOP2:CMP AL, SI+1JA NEXT2XCHG AL,SI+1INC SINEXT2:LOOP LOP2MOV MAX,ALMOV AH, 4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.27DATA_SEG SEGMENTBUF DB 10 DUP(?)STR1 DB Do you want input number(y/n)?,0DH,0AH,$STR2 DB Please input the numbers ,0DH,0AH,$ M

23、AX DB ? MIN DB ?DATA_SEG ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA_SEGSTART: MOV AX, DATA_SEGMOV DS, AXMOV DX,OFFSET STR1MOV AH,09HINT 21HMOV DX,OFFSET STR2MOV AH,09HINT 21HMOV SI, OFFSET BUFMOV CX,10LOP1:MOV AH,1INT 21HMOV SI, ALINC SILOOP LOP1MOV SI,OFFSET BUFMOV CX,9MOV AL, SILOP2:CMP AL, SI+1JA NE

24、XT2XCHG AL,SI+1INC SINEXT2:LOOP LOP2MOV MAX,ALMOV SI,OFFSET BUFMOV CX,9MOV AL, SILOP3: CMP AL, SI+1JB NEXT3XCHG AL,SI+1INC SINEXT3:LOOP LOP3MOV MIN,ALMOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.28DATA SEGMENTBUFF DB 10 DUP(?)DATA ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATASTART: MOV AX,DATAMOV DS,AXMOV SI , OF

25、FSET BUFFMOV CX,0AHLOP1: MOV AH,7INT 21HCMP AL,$JZ DONECMP AL,AJLE DONECMP AL,ZJGE NEXT1JMP SHOWNEXT1 :CMP AL,aJGE NEXT2CMP AL,zJGE DONENEXT2:SUB AL,20HSHOW:MOV DL,ALMOV AH,2INT 21HLOOP LOP1DONE:MOV AH,4CHINT 21HCODE ENDSEND START3.29DATA SEGMENTSTRBUF DB ABCDEFGIJKLMN$OPQRSTUVWSXYZCOUNT DB $-STRBUFADRBUF DB ?DATA ENDSCODE SEGMENTASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATASTART: MOV AX, DATAMOV DS, AXLEA SI, STRBUFMOV CH,0MOV CL, COUNTLOP1: MOV AL, SICMP AL,$JZ