1、八级英语下册知识点全归纳人教新目标版八年级(下)英语知识讲解(人教)每单元均有重要的字、词的辨析及重要语句的分析与用法指导;有课文中的难重点分析与讲解;有针对性的训练及同步检测题,并且附有详细的解答。目录1 Unit 1 Will people have robots?2 Unit 2 What should I do? 3 Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 4 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 5 Unit 5 If you go to the party, youll have a great
2、 time! 6 Review of units 1-3 7 Review of units 4-5 8 八年级下学期期中复习(一) 9 改错小练 10 八年级下学期期中复习(二) 11 八年级期中考试模拟题 12 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 13 Unit 7Would you mind turning down the music? 14 Unit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf? 15 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park? 16 U
3、nit 10 Its a nice day, isnt it? 17 介词复习 18 Review of units 6-8 19 Review of units 9-10 20 八年级第二学期期末复习题 21 八年级第二学期期末模拟试卷 22 How do you study for a test 23 Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark Unit 1Will people have robots?II. Grammar:一般将来时there will befew,a few,little,a little,much,many语法小结:一、一般将来时1
4、用be doing表示将来:主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常用于位置转移的动词。 如:go,come,leave,arrive等,也可用于其他动作动词。 We are having fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语,如果不带时间状语,则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。 A: Where are you going?B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me? A: Yes,
5、I am just coming. Wait for me.2用be going to do表示将来:主要意义,一是表示“意图”,即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。Are you going to post that letter?How long is he going to stay here? I am going to book a ticket. 另一意义是表示“预见”,即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 Its going to rain. George is putting on weight。 he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will
6、/ shall do表示将来: 主要意义,一是表示预见。 You will feel better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain? 二是表示意图. I will not lend the book to you. Take it easy,I will not do it any longer. 基本结构: She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class to
7、morrow. What will she do tomorrow?二、There be结构1. therebe结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。 There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。 There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。 There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。 2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。如The
8、re is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。 How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口? There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some stude
9、nts in the classroom.教室里有一位老师和一些学生。 3. 在therebe引起的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。 There is no time to lose(=to be lost).时间紧迫。 There is nothing to see(=to be seen).看不见有什么。 There is nothing to do.(=to be done)无事可做。 4、There is no doing. (口语)不可能. There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。 There
10、is no knowing what he is doing.无法知道他在做什么。 三、课文难句解读1. Will people use money in 100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗?1) money 金钱;货币 egWhats the money? 价钱是多少? paper money 纸币;钞票2) in 100 years 在100年之后“in+一段时间”常用在将来时态中 egIll come in an hour. 我一小时后来。Ill see you again in three days.三天后我再见你。2. There will be less leisure
11、 time空闲时间会更少。1) less 形容词:较少的(是little的比较级),修饰不可数名词,其最高级是least;反义词是more。 eg Janes less beautiful than Mary. 简不如玛丽漂亮。Five is less than six5比6少。2) leisure time 空闲时间 egWhat do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么?3. I think there will be more pollution我认为将会有更多的污染产生。1) think后跟的是宾语从句,且宾语从句是there be句型的一般将
12、来时,结构为“there will be+物+其他成分”。 egI think it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天会下雨。I think there will be fewer trees. 我认为将来树木会更少。 2) pollution表示“污染”,用作不可数名词。 例如:They did a lot to stop water pollution他们采取大量措施制止水污染。4. I dont agree我不同意。 agree在本句中作动词,I dont agree是一句交际用语,表示“不赞成某人或某人的观点”,如果表赞成,则为I agree。1) 表示“同意某人意见
13、”时用agree with sb,该短语不能用于被动语态。 egDid you agree with him? 你同意他的意见吗?I dont agree with what she said 我不同意她所说的。2) 表示“同意(某计划、办法、建议、条件)”时,用agree to(to在此用作介词,其后接名词、代词或者相当于名词的成分),该短语可以用于被动语态。 egI agree to your idea 我同意你的想法。My plan was agreed to by all of them 他们所有的人都同意我的计划。3) 表示“就取得一致意见”用agree on(或upon),指“两者
14、或两者以上的商定,达成协议”。 egThey both agreed on the date for the meeting他们双方都同意开会的日期。4) agree后还可以接不定式,不接动名词,表示“同意做某事”。 egThey agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon他们同意明天下午动身。5. What do you think Sally will be in five years? 你认为萨莉5年之后将会是什么样子? 此句中的do you think是插入语,其后接的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。 egWhich book do you think she wi
15、ll like? 你认为她会喜欢哪本书?Who do you think did it? 你认为是谁干的那件事?6. I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去了上海,并且喜欢上了这座城市。1) go表示“去”,过去式是went,“go to+地名”表示“到某地去”。 egWhen will you go to school? 你什么时候去上学?He will go to the factory tomorrow他明天要去那所工厂。 如果go后面接副词,不用to。 egHe went home at before si
16、x yesterday evening他昨天晚上6点前回家的。2) last year意为“去年”,用于一般过去时态中。 egHe went to London last year去年他去了伦敦。3) love爱,热爱,其反义词是hate;fall in love with是“喜爱;爱上;与相恋”的意思。 egHe went to Harbin last year and fell in love with it.去年他去了哈尔滨,并且喜欢上了那里。7. I cant have any pets because my mother hates them. 我不能养宠物,因为我妈不喜欢他们1)
17、because在这句中用作连词,引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”。注意在英语中because不能和so同时使用。 egJohn didnt go to school because he was ill. 约翰没有上学,因为他病了。2) hate表示“不喜欢,憎恨”,后可跟名词或代词作宾语,也可用词组hate doing sth.,表示“讨厌做某事”。 egHe hated flowers. 他讨厌花朵。I hate swimming in the lake.我讨厌在那个湖里游泳。8. Ill probably go skating and swimming every day.我会每天都去滑冰
18、和游泳。1) go doing sth. 结构,表示“去做 go skating 去滑冰go swimming去游泳go shopping去买东西 go fishing 去钓鱼go boating 去划船 egMy father goes fishing every week我爸爸每周都去钓鱼。 I like going skating我喜欢去滑冰。2) every day与everyday区别:every day表示“每天”,通常与一般现在时连用;而everyday表示“日常的,每天发生的,每日所用的”,是形容词。例如: egI get up at six every day.我每天6点起床
19、。He wears everyday clothes today今天他穿一身便服。9. During the week Ill look smart,and probably will wear a suit 在工作日里,我会看上去很精神,也许会穿一身套装。1) during表示“在期间”,during the week是介词短语,意为“在工作日里”。 egThe sun gives us light during the day.太阳在白天给我们阳光。He fell asleep during the lesson. 他在上课时睡着了。2) look表示“看上去”,用作连系动词,其后接形容词
20、作表语。 egThat dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。You look very beautiful today.今天你看上去很漂亮。3) wear表示“穿”,表示状态,用一般现在时表示经常状态,用现在进行时表示暂时状态。 egWe wear our rain boots on a rainy day. 我们在下雨天穿雨鞋。She is wearing a new coat 她穿着一件新衣服。Does he wear glasses? 她戴眼镜吗? put on是“穿上”,“戴上”的意思,强调动作。 egShe put on a red coat and wen
21、t out. 她穿上红色大衣出去了。 注意:put on是一时的动作,不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。 他整天戴着草帽。 误:He puts on a hat all day. 正:He wears a hat all day. 10. Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation我会去香港度假。on vacation意为“在度假”,on表示“处于状态中”。egHe will go to Hangzhou on vacation他要到杭州度假。My father will be away on business tomorrow我爸爸明天要出差。11. What do you
22、think the weather will be like tomorrow? 你认为明天的天气怎样?1) Whats the weather like? 是询问天气怎么样,相当于How is the weather?What be like?可以用来征求对方对某事的看法或意见,意思是“怎么样?” 类似的说法还有What do you think of? How do you like?等句型。 egWhat is the book like? What do you think of the book? How do you like the book? 你觉得这本书怎么样?Whats t
23、he weather like today?How is the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?2) What isare1ike? 可用来提问天气情况,也可用来对人(或物)的外观、外貌提问,还可以用来对其特性提问。 egWhats the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?Whats the young girl like? 那个年轻女孩长什么样?What was the book like? 那本书怎么样?12. There were many famous predictions that never came true(过去)有许多从没成为现实。著
24、名的预测1) 本句中that never came true是个定语从句,用于修饰先行词predictions,that为引导词,作定语从句的主语,不可省略。2) come true指“理想,梦想等实现”。come是连系动词;true是形容词,做连系动词come的表语。 egMy dream will come true someday.有一天我的梦想会实现。 Her dream to go to university has come true她上大学的愿望实现了。Unit 2 What should I do?【单元目标】2目标句型:1. What should I do?2. Why d
25、ont you? 3. You could 4. You should5. You shouldnt3语法情态动词的用法 【重难点分析】情态动词(Modal Verbs )* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”,因为它和基本助动词(be,do, have)都属于助动词类。* 情态动词和其他动词连用,可表示说话人的语气。* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。* 常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词;其他的还有ough
26、t to, need, dare 等。一、九大情态动词的时态关系:1. 现在式 can - 过去式 could2. 现在式 may - 过去式 might3. 现在式 shall - 过去式 should4. 现在式 will - 过去式 would5. 现在式 must - 过去式 must (常用had to来代替)二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)(1)can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”:1. He cant be at home. (否定句) 他不可能在家。2
27、. Can the news be true? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句) 这消息可能是真的吗?3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性)任何人都可能犯错误。(2)may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”:1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生)明天可能会下雨。2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测)今天下午可能会下雪。3. You might be right. (表示有可能)你可能是对的。(3)will 和 would
28、用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”:1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会)我想他现在一定好了。2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是)那肯定是他母亲。3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的) 他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。(4)shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”:1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be )总有一天我会发达的。2. Tha
29、t should be Sam and his mother. (should be)那准是Sam 和他的母亲。(5)must 用于表示“必定”,“必会”:1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 这肯定对你是有益的。2. All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事)所有的人一定会死的。3. Mustnt there be a mistake? (mustnt 多用于疑问句)那肯定会有错误吗?三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)(1)can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”:1. Can I go with you? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗?2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可)爸爸说我可以去看电影。3. Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗?(2)will 和 would 用于表示“请求”1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office?(表示客气请求) 请问到邮局怎么走?2
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