江苏牛津版英语8BUnit5知识点整理.docx

1、江苏牛津版英语8BUnit5知识点整理江苏牛津版英语8BUnit5知识点整理(总11页)8B U5 Good manners一. 知识点归纳：1. politely adv. 礼貌地 eg. We should speak to the old people politely. polite - impolite eg. It is impolite to laugh at others.2. litter n. 垃圾（不可数） 近义词 rubbish （不可数） eg. Dont dro litter/rubbish everywhere. There is a public sign sa

2、ying “No Littering”.3. run v. 流动；跑；（车辆、机器）开动，运转 run- ran - run- running eg. Dont leave the tap . The boy away when he saw his father. The machine very well.4. pick v. 采摘 pick flowers in the parkpick out 1. 挑选出;拣出 Let me pick out some good ones for you.2. 辨认出 Its easy to pick him out in a crowd becau

3、se he is very tall.pick up 1. 拾起 The boy picked up the hat for the old man.2. 收拾 You should pick up the tools after work.3. 学到;获得 He was picking up the skills quickly.4. 与.偶然结识(常指与异性调情) We picked up a couple of girls at the pub last Friday.5. 搭便车pick off 摘掉;取走 You should not pick off any of the flow

4、ers.pick at 1. 吃得很少 The boy is only picking at his food.2. 找.的岔;挑毛病 Why are you always picking at me?5. turn n. 轮流 It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事take turns to do sth.= do sth. in turn = do sth by turns 轮流做某事 eg. It is your turn to make a decision.They took to do the housework. = They did the hou

5、sework turn / turns.6. proper adj. 恰当的 英文释义：right or correct properly adv. eg. He could not come up with a answer. I dont think hes doing his job .7. shake sbs hands= shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 shake-shook-shaken eg. When you meet a person for the first time, you can shake his/her hands. People usua

6、lly shake hands with each other when they meet.8. kiss n. 亲吻 kisses v. 亲吻 kiss sb. hello/goodbye 吻别 eg. Do they greet people with a kiss?9. close. adj. 亲密的 close friends 靠近的 be close to = near v. 关闭 closed adj. 关着的 反义词 openeg. His house is to the factory. Remember to he door when you leave. I found

7、the door at that time.10. conversation n （非正式）交谈 英文释义：a small talk conversation一般用词，指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。 dialogue指“对话”。 talk普通用词，可与conversation换用，指正式交谈。 chat指熟人之间非常随便的交谈，强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。eg. How do people start a conversation11. avoid v. 避免 英文释义： try not to do sth avoid doing sth/avoid stheg. You should av

8、oid such mistakes. To avoid hitting the truck, he ran into the wall and his arm was badly hurt.12. subject n. 话题；主题；科目eg. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money. My favourite subject is English.辨析 class, lesson, course class 一节课 attend class 听课，上课 in class 在课上eg. We have four classes in

9、 the morning. lesson 教材中一课 eg. I helped her with her lessons. Lesson One is more important. course 一段时间内学完的完整课程 eg. This term Im taking five courses.13.public n. 群体 in public adj. 公共的，公开的 public signs eg. The museum is open to the public every day. Dont speak loudly in public. Do people there behave

10、 politely in public 14. push v. 推，挤 英文释义：go in front of other people who are waiting push past sb. 从某人身边挤过去拓展 push on 继续前进 The path was barely visible, but we pushed on. push in 插队 cut in （on sb/sth）插嘴 Dont cut in on your mother when she is speaking.Dont cut in on other peoples conversation push off

11、 出发 The team pushed off before dawn. push along= push ahead forward/on奋力前进; 抓紧进行15. in ones/the way 挡某人路eg. You will have to move you are in my way.拓展 in a /some way 在某种程度上 by the way 顺便说一句 By the way, how are your grandparents? make ones way 让路 on the way to去某地 (on the way home；on the way to school

12、)16. touch v. 触摸，感动 n. 触摸keep in touch 保持联系in touch with 与联系out of touch 不了解某事eg. Please dont touch anything in the room. The story of the ugly man really touched me.17. excuse. v. 原谅 excuse me 劳驾 n. 借口 (可数)问路 Excuse me, where is the shop?客气地请求允许 Excuse me, may I ask you a question?客气地纠正别人的话 Excuse

13、me , it is a bird.打扰他人 Excuse me, Id like you to move a little.eg. He made a good excuse for being late for school.18. loudly adv. 大声地 British people dont like to shout or laugh loudly.19. till conj. 到时， 直到为止 = until（位于句首，只能用until） prep. 到时肯定句：动作持续到否定句(notuntil/till)： 直到才eg. She watched TV until/til

14、l her mother came back. 她一直在看电视，直到她母亲回来。（看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束。）She didnt watch TV until/till her mother came back. 直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。（看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生。）Until I finished my homework, Mother didnt let me out.20. as well (as) 也；还有eg. British people are very polite at home as well, arent they? My brother lik

15、es playing football .= My brother likes playing football.=My brother likes playing football, . 否定句 My brother doesnt like playing football . as well as 也；和一样好eg. Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.(就远原则)The boss provided lunch breakfast.He plays the guitar as well as you.（同级比较，和一样好）21. as co

16、nj. 正如；当时候； 因为eg. As you know, Julie is leaving soon. As I was coming here, I met your brother. As it was raining, I stayed at home.拓展 asas 像 the same as 和一样 as soon as possible 尽快地 as if/ though 好像 such as 比如22. by accident/chance 偶然 hit sb./sth by accident23. discussion n. 讨论 discuss v. 讨论 have a

17、discussion with sb. 和某人讨论 discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事eg. She didnt join the . They are the problem with the teachers.24. express v. 表达 expression n. 表达 beyond expression 无法形容 express oneself 表明态度eg. He didnt express himself clearly.25. explain v. 解释 explanation n. explain (sth) to sb 像某人解释某事 explain

18、 + 从句 eg. I dont want to explain anything. Mr Wu is patient enough to explain things to us. He explained how the machine was used.26. keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事 keep sb/sth adj. 使保持状态 keep sb from sth 保护，使免受 keep quiet/silenteg. keep us safe from danger I keep the window open

19、 because it is too hot. My father keeps me staying at home. Tom tried to keep himself from sleeping. 27. be busy with sth 忙于做某事 He is busy with his work day and night.be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事 Millie is busy (in) writing an email.28. warn v. 警告 warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb of/about s

20、th 警告某人某事 eg. The police us go out alone at night. I him / the danger.29. parking n. 停车 There is a public sign saying “No ”.30. successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 success n. 成功 succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth31. sometime adv. 在某个时候 at times 有时 some time 某段时间 all the time 始终 sometimes= at t

21、imes = from time to time 有时 at a time 每次 some times 几次 at all times 总是eg. Everyone will be lucky or successful in their life. He spends reading books every day. He has a walk after supper. He has been to Beijing . next Friday 下周五某个时候32. soon after 不久以后 eg. When one bad thing happens to you, other ba

22、d things happen soon after.33. make sure 确定eg. We should make sure that both guest and hosts are comfortable at the table.34. risk v. 冒险做 risk doing risk+ n. n. at the risk of 冒着危险35. pain. 疼痛 have a pain in ones stomach/leg 胃疼/腿疼 eg. The girl cried with pain.36. practice n. 练习 v. 练习 practice doing

23、stheg. Practice makes perfect. He practices playing the piano every day.37. candle n. 蜡烛 burn the candles at both ends38. purpose n. 目的 on purpose 故意地with the purpose of 以的目的39. conclusion n. 结论 come to/arrive at/ reach/draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion 最后 make a conclusion 下结论40. above all 首要的是 e

24、g. Above all, tell me quickly what I should do.41. guest n. 客人 eg. We have guests staying this weekend.42. queue= stand in line jump a queue 插队43. invite sb to do invitation n.44. bump into = come across 偶遇二. 语法enough, tooto, sothat互换 adj./adv enough to too adj/adv to 太以至于不能 so adj/adv that+ 从句 如此以至

25、于 eg. He is too young to go to school. He is to go to school. He is he cant go to school. The girl is too fat to wear a skirt. The girl is to wear a skirt. The girl is wear a skirt.三. 词组归纳ChineseEnglish1.学习有关利礼仪learn about manners 2 与某人分享某物share sth with sb3 与其他人分享你的东西share your things with others 4

26、 打断别人cut in on others 5 有礼貌的等候wait politely 6 随地扔垃圾drop litter everywhere 7 在图书馆里保持安静keep quiet in the library 8 遵守交通规则obey traffic rules9 使水龙头一直开着leave the tap running 10在公园里栽花pick flowers in the park 11排队等候你的顺序queue for your turn 12保持图书馆干净keep the library clean 13把.放回原处putback 14邀请某人做某事invite sb t

27、o do sth 15人们打招呼的正确方法the proper way to greet people 16握手shake ones hand 17第一次与你见面meet you for the first time18以亲吻的方式与别人打招呼greet people with a kiss 19开始一段对话start a conversation 20避免做某事avoid doing sth 21在公共场所举止文明behave politely in public 22撞到某人bump into sb23挡道in ones way 24保持低声调keep voice down 25偶然by

28、accident 26参加讨论join the discussion 27清楚地表达他自己express himself clearly 28公共标志public signs 29向某人解释某事explain sth to sb30使某人远离危险keep sb from danger 31警告某人（不）要做某事warn sb (not) to do sth 32不久后soon after 33实现come true 34一次at one time 35确保make sure that 36的目的the purpose of 37 许多建议a lot of advice 38与某人保持联系kee

29、p in touch with sb 39忙于做某事be busy with=be busy in doing 40写下，记下write down 41舞蹈课dancing lessons 42主要观点the main points 43首先above all 44禁止扔垃圾No littering 45拍一张的照片take a photo of 46禁止拍照No photos 47禁止抽烟No smoking 48 阻止某人做某事keep/prevent/stop sb from dong sth 四. 句型归纳1现在你足够大了，要学习有关礼仪的内容了。Youre old enough to learn about manners .2. 你什么意思？What do you mean 3, 活到老学到老。You are never too old to learn 4. 我们看完书后，应把它们放回原处We should put books back after reading .5. 他们认为在别人面前插队是不礼貌的。They think its rude to push in before others.6. 如果你挡道了，他们不会碰你或推着越过你。If youre in their way, they wont touch you or push past you.