全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷八解析版.docx

1、全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟卷八解析版2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语卷(八)(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A (2019江西省三校联考)A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to“read” human personalities.The

2、eyes，they say，are the windows to the soul.And if that is true，computers and robots powered by sophisticated(复杂的) artificial intelligence algorithms(演算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul.That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality，conducte

3、d by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality，”wrote the researchers，led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loets

4、cher，whose team followed 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements，then determined their personality traits with“wellestablished questionnaires”for determining the personality type，according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.The research

5、ers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a persons major personality traits，such as“neuroticism，extraversion(外向)，agreeableness，conscientiousness，as well as curiosity”，the scientists wro

6、te.“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other hightech devices，even robots，allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines，”Loetscher said.“People are always looking for improved，personalized services.Todays robots and compu

7、ters are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to nonverbal information，“Loetscher said in a statement quoted by The Indian Express.This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural，and better at interpreting human social signals.”The study r

8、evealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies，according to a summary in Britains Daily Mail newspaper.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。1What do the underlined words“peer into”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AUnd

9、erstand. BStare at.CSearch for. DConcern about.A考查词义猜测。根据第二段第一句“The eyes，they say，are the windows to the soul”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peer into与第一段中的“read”呼应，故选A。2How did the researchers conduct the research?AIt was carried out in a lab.B42 subjects eye movements were recorded.CThe students daily movemen

10、ts were tracked.DIts subjects personalities were determined by computer.B考查细节理解。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。3According to Tobias Loetscher，what can we know?ARobots and computers are socially conscious.BPeople care less about improved，personalized services.CTodays robots and comp

11、uters can accustom to nonverbal information.DThe discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.D考查细节理解。根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。B (2019安徽省示范高中模拟)Weve been covering standing desks for a long time now because experts agree that sitting all day is killing us.We

12、 want to be productive while also keeping our bodies healthy.Over the years，there have been several solutions to this from fixed standing desks to adjustable ones，portable desks to ones that change into shelves.However，the most hightech and elegant solution has to be this new smart desk called the S

13、tir Kinetic Desk.The desk learns your daily behavior and moves between a sitting and standing height regularly throughout the day to keep you moving without interrupting your work flow.You can program specific sitting and standing intervals or let the desk set the schedule.If you tend to sit while r

14、eturning emails in the morning，but always want to stand during that afternoon conference call，the desk will learn those regular habits and adjust the schedule to fit them.Of course，the desk can always be manually lowered or raised by using the touchscreen on the lower left corner of the desk.When sw

15、itching positions，the desk gently dips and rises to let you know that a change is coming up.If youre not ready to switch positions at that time，you can tap the touchscreen to stay sitting or standing for a while longer.The builtin touchscreen also keeps track of your daily sitting and standing times

16、 and tells you how many calories youve burned.You can even set goals for how long or how often you want to stand.The desk also works with fitness devices like the Fitbit to track your movements.All of that smart technology doesnt come cheap though.The M1 desk，which is the everyday model，runs a steep

17、 $2，990，while the more executive model with added features，the F1，goes for $4，190.While expensive，its worth that thinking of how much time we spend at our desks.Much like a good mattress(床垫)，a good desk that works with you is worth the investment.Hopefully in a few years these smart，integrated desks

18、 will be more common and less expensive.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型智能办公桌：能根据人的习惯自动设定其坐着和站着时的不同高度。该产品虽然价格昂贵，但是值得购买。4The Stir Kinetic Desk has been designed to Ahelp users with their workBkeep users moving all the timeCget users to exercise while workingDremind users of their working scheduleC考查推理判断。根据笫二

19、段第二句“The desk learns your daily behavior and moves between a sitting and standing height regularly throughout the day to keep you moving without interrupting your work flow”可知，这种办公桌可以了解你的日常行为，每天有规律地在你坐着和站着时的高度之间调整，让你在不影响工作流程的情况下保持移动。据此可以判断，这种办公桌旨在让使用者在工作时得到锻炼，故C项正确。5Which is the feature of the touch

20、screen of the desk?AIt can tell users when to change positions.BIt can track users changes of positions.CIt can keep users in a fixed position.DIt can detect users health condition.B考查细节理解。根据第五段第一句“The builtin touchscreen also keeps track of your daily sitting and standing times and tells you how ma

21、ny calories youve burned”可知，内置的触摸屏还可以了解你每天坐着和站着的时间，并告诉你燃烧了多少卡路里。据此可知，这种内置触摸屏跟踪使用者的姿势变化，故B项正确。6Which of the following can best describe the desk?AProductive but challenging.BConvenient but unaffordable.CComplex and impractical.DMultifunctional and intelligent.D考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，这种办公桌能了解你的行为习惯并以此来调整高低，且

22、能告诉你燃烧了多少卡路里，并结合最后一段最后一句中的“these smart，integrated desks”可推知，这种办公桌是多功能的、智能的，故D项正确。【干扰项分析】A项意为“多产的但是具有挑战性的”，B项意为“方便的但是买不起的”，C项意为“复杂而不实用的”，都与文意不符。C (2019郑州市质量预测)Are you a procrastinator(拖延者)？Its a common problem.And it can be harmful，as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have hig

23、her levels of stress and lower wellbeing，reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US.But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem：Be more connected to your future self.Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people：“Present Me”and“Future M

24、e”“People act as if they prefer their current selves needs and desires to those of their future selves，”wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me” imagine exactly how“Future Me”would feel the night before a big paper was du

25、e，though“Present Me”hadnt started yet.They made“Present Me”think about a faroff event a number of days away，not months or years.Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friends wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when

26、 considered in months rather than years.The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in several days rather than years.For example，participants imagined they had a newborn child，and that the child would need to go to c

27、ollege in either 18 years or 6，570 days.The researchers found those in the“days”condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the“years”condition.So if you think of your life in days instead of years，you may get things done quicker.【语篇解读】本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法。7What did Oyserman and L

28、ewis intend to do through their study?ATo work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator.BTo find out whether human beings usually have two different characters.CTo discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of wellbeing.DTo prove its helpful to connect our current sel

29、ves more with future selves.D考查细节理解。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，Oyserman和Lewis想要通过他们的研究去验证把“现在的我”和“将来的我”联系起来是否会对应对拖延症有一定的帮助，故选D。8The underlined part“this way”in Paragraph 4 refers to“ ”Asetting up tough deadlinesBfollowing schedules strictlyCcounting in smaller units of timeDimagining how your future self will fe

30、elC考查推理判断。承接第三段最后一句“They madePresent Methink about a faroff event a number of days away，not months or years”可推知，画线部分是指用更小的时间单位去计量，故选C。9What helps prevent people from procrastinating?AComparing their future selves with present selves.BConsidering their current selves needs and desires.CThinking about

31、 faroff events in days rather than years.DMarking important events on a calendar as a reminder.C考查推理判断。根据第五段的内容以及最后一段“So if you think of your life in days instead of years，you may get things done quicker”可推知，用天而不是用年去考虑将来所发生的事情会帮助拖延者不再拖延，故选C。10What does the passage mainly talk about?AA way to get thi

32、ngs done in time.BThe harmful effects of procrastination.CThe reason to overlook future needs and desires.DThe way to reduce stress and improve happiness.A考查主旨大意。根据第一段最后一句“But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem：Be more connected to your future self”，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法，故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2019湖南省五市十校联考)C