江苏省牛津译林版英语 中考专题复习整理形容词及副词用法及辨析word精编版含答案及解析.docx

1、江苏省牛津译林版英语 中考专题复习整理形容词及副词用法及辨析word精编版含答案及解析专题三：形容词及副词用法及辨析知识梳理：形容词和副词我们在中考复习时要掌握三方面的内容：原级；比较级；最高级一、形容词 形容词修饰名词/不定代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。一般放所修饰名词前作定语，也可独立作表语/宾补等1、作定语： This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat. 2、作表语： Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright.3、作宾补： dont make your han

2、ds dirty. Were trying to make our school beautiful. 形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在这些词后。 例如：something important二、以-ly结尾的形容词 1、大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，仍为adj。2、有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is pu

3、blished daily.三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1、某些形容词加上定冠词可泛指一类人，谓语用复数。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry。2、有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词复数连用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，顺序：限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别）1 a small round table 2 a tall gra

4、y building 3 a dirty old brown shirt4 a famous German medical school 5 an expensive Japanese sports car五、形容词与副词的比较级 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1) 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall(高的) great(巨大的)tallergreater

5、tallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的) ；large(大的)nicer；largernicest；largest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的)hot (热的)biggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy(容易的)busy(忙的)easierbusiereasiest busiest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的)eas

6、ily(容易地)more importantmore easilymost importantmost easily2、 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)；well(健康的)betterbestbad (坏的)；badly；ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar (远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，在句子中作状语或表语的一类词。 分类：时间副词（now, toda

7、y, early, sometimes, already等）；地点副词（outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等）；方式副词（quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily等）；程度副词（very, quite, rather, too, much, so等）；疑问副词（when, where, why, how, how long, how often等）；关系副词（when, where, why, how等） as+形容词或副词原级+as 1、在否定句或疑问句中可用so as. He cannot run

8、 so/as fast as you.2、当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词； as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. 3、用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one.4、倍数+ as + adj. + as 倍数+ then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times

9、 the length of that one.比较级形容词或副词+than They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.注意： 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) Chi

10、na is larger than any other countries in Asia.3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 2、It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, many, a lot, still, even等2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。兼有两种形式的副词 （1）close与closely ，c

11、lose意思是近； closely 意思是 “仔细地”He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.（2）high与highly，high表示空间高度； highly表示程度，相当于muchThe plane was flying high. I think highly of your idea.（3）wide与widely ，wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是 “广泛地”He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.（4）hard与hardly，hard表示刻苦地，

12、艰辛地；hardly意思是 “几乎不”He works hard.He can hardly understand what I said.巩固训练1. -I really cant believe such a learned man has made so silly a mistake. -Dont you know_ sense is worth more than knowledge.A. general B. unusual C. special D. common答案：D解析：形容词词义辨析-我真不敢相信这么有学问的人会犯这么愚蠢的错误。-难道你不知道常识比知识更有价值吗？com

13、mon sense常识2. -Look at Sandy. How pale she looks! -Well, she never eats _ and thats why she is not healthy. A. rapidly B. properly C. completely D. smoothly 答案：B解析：-看看桑迪。她脸色多苍白啊!-嗯，她从来不好好吃饭，这就是她不健康的原因。properly adv. 适当地；正确地；恰当地。eat properly饮食恰当3. Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in hi

14、s factory have never been_.A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular答案：B解析：布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他的工厂生产的衣服从来没有像现在这样受欢迎。否定词+比较级，不能更.，没有更.，实质上表达的是肯定的意思。4. I think that “Aoligei” must be one of the _words on the Internet now. A. shortest B. widest C. hottest D. cleverest答案：C解析：我认为“奥利给”现在一定是互

15、联网上最热门的词之一了。5. -Stress can be very harmful to your health. Exercise, _, can reduce its bad influences.-I cant agree more.A. otherwise B. instead C. however D. anyway答案：C解析：-压力对你的健康非常有害。然而，锻炼可以减少它的不良影响。-我完全同意。6. Since you are music, why not go to some live concerts during summer holiday? A. surprised

16、 at B. afraid of C. ready for D. crazy about答案：D解析：既然你对音乐很着迷，为什么不在暑假期间去听现场音乐会呢？be crazy about.对.着迷7.I think winter is a beautiful season, when it snows.A. specially B. especially C. probably D. properly答案：B解析：我认为冬天是一个美丽的季节，尤其是下雪的时候。especially 八年级下册单词，尤其，特别的意思。8. -What do you think of the movie The F

17、ate of the Furious 8? -It is !I enjoy it very much.A. fantastic B. friendly C. awful D. noisy答案：A解析：-你觉得电影速度与激情8怎么样?-太棒了！我非常喜欢。fantastic 8BU2重点单词，极好的，美妙的。9. He was just as _ as Mary was to hear the poor result announced by the host.A. amazed B. amazing C. satisfied D. satisfying答案：A解析：听到主持人宣布的糟糕结果，他

18、和玛丽一样地惊讶。另外还要注意ed结尾的形容词修饰人，ing结尾的修饰物。10. - Which country has the_ population in the world? - China. Its a little_ than that of India. A. most, most B. biggest, bigger C. more, most D. bigger, bigger答案：B解析：-世界上哪个国家的人口最多?-中国，它比印度的多一点。注意：关于人口（population）和数量（number）的修饰词，用“大小（big/large,small）”修饰。11. Its

19、very nice _ you _ my parents your best wishes.A. of; to send B. of; sending C. for; to send D. for; sending答案：A解析：你真是太好了，给我父母送去了你最好的祝愿。本语法点是来自8BU6Its +adj+of sb+ to do sth. （of前的形容词用来修饰人的品性特征，如brave，kind，nice等）Its+adj+for sb+to do sth.（for前的形容词是强调做某事是.，如important,necessary等）12.The teacher encourages

20、 the children to feel about asking questions when they dont understand. A. nervous B. confident C. excited D. practical答案：B解析：形容词词义辨析老师鼓励孩子们在不懂的时候有信心提问。confident adj. 自信的；确信的；有信心的13. -Do you know the result of yesterdays football game? -Yeah, our team won again and there was_ excitement just before

21、it ended. A. a large number of B. a great deal of C. very D. quite答案：B解析：-你知道昨天足球比赛的结果吗-是啊，我们队又赢了，比赛结束前大家都很兴奋。excitement n.激动，兴奋。C，D选项是副词，先排除；另外excitement不可数名词，A是用来修饰可数名词复数，而B来自9AU4，用来修饰不可数名词，故答案选B。14. My teacher thought of her because she got well with her classmates. A. high; along B. highly; alon

22、e C. hardly; along D. highly; along答案：D解析：我的老师对她评价很高，因为她和同学们相处得很好。think/speak highly of.高度评价.get along/on with.与.和睦相处15. - Can I see the boss, Miss Li? Id like to ask for the afternoon leave.- I saw him come in with a long face. Its a _ moment for you to do so, I think.A. stupid B. serious C. specia

23、l D. suitable答案：A解析：-我可以见老板吗，李小姐？我想请个下午的假。-我看见他进来时拉长着脸。我认为你这样做是愚蠢的。16. -Dad, I got a job as a bus driver. -Congratulations! Make yourself so that the company wont want to lose you. A. changeable B. valuable C. fashionable D. comfortable答案：B解析：-爸爸，我找到一份巴士司机的工作。-让自己有价值，这样公司才不会辞掉你。17. The fruit smells

24、_ but sells _ at the market. Id like to buy some to have a try. A.terrible; well B. terribly; well, C. terrible; good D. terribly; good答案：A解析：这种水果闻起来很难闻，但在市场上很畅销。我想买一些尝尝。smell闻起来，系动词+adj；sell卖，动词，用副词修饰。18. Everyone believes that we can _ have the job finished on time with the volunteers help.A.clear

25、ly B. certainly C. suddenly D. specially答案：B解析：每个人都相信在志愿者的帮助下，我们一定能按时完成工作。certainly 9AU2重点单词，必定地，无疑地。19. Sandy used to be , but now she enjoys meeting and talking to new friends. A. honest B. shy C. creative D. lively答案：B解析：桑迪过去很害羞，但现在她喜欢与新朋友见面和交谈。20. -Why do you like living in the countryside?-Beca

26、use theres noise and fewer cars there. A. less B. little C. fewer D. few答案：A解析：-你为什么喜欢住在乡下? -因为那里噪音小，车辆也少。首先，noise噪音，不可数，排除C、D，另外and前后内容一致，后面的fewer是比较级，所以前面也要用比较级。21.Most of us check our smart phones 47 times on an average(平均)day, and _ double between the ages of 18 and 24. A. hardly B.nearly C. mos

27、tly D. widely答案：B解析：我们大多数人平均每天查看智能手机47次，在18岁到24岁之间几乎翻了一番。本题考查副词词义辨析，nearly 8AU8单词，几乎。22. - It is reported that fewer and fewer people are shopping in Lotte Mart. - If the situation is so _, maybe the supermarket will be closed someday.A. heavy B. popular C. strong D. serious答案：D 解析：-据报道，在乐天玛特购物的人越来越

28、少了。-如果情况如此严重，也许有一天超市会关门。形容词词义辨析。serious 8BU8单词，严重的，严肃的，认真的。23. -Billy sometimes gets _ sleepy in class.-Thats because he always has_ sleep at night.A. a bit; little B. a bit of; little C. a little; much D. a lot of; a little答案：A解析：-比利有时上课有点困。-那是因为他晚上总是睡得很少。关于a little, a bit的用法两者都可以用来修饰形容词的原级和比较级，此时二

29、者可以换用。修饰名词时，两者修饰不可数名词，但是a bit修饰不可数名词时，要用a bit of结构。a little water=a bit of water.24. -My cousin does well in many outdoor activities, but he never _.-What a _ boy! We should learn from him.A. gets off: thoughtful B. takes off; energetic C. shows off; modest D. puts off; curious答案：C解析：-我表弟在很多户外活动中表现很好，但他从不炫耀。-多么谦虚的孩子!我们应该向他学习。25. The price of television sets is becoming _. So every family has at least one TV. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. higher and higher D. lower and lower 答案：D解析：电视机